Yuav ua li cas seem ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv? Lub ntsiab seem ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus

Nyob rau hauv kev kawm yam lus txawv ob peb lub ntsiab seem. Txhua yam ntawm lawv tseem ua hauj lwm nrog txoj kev tshawb no ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov lus tswv yim thiab phenomena. Niaj hnub no peb saib qhov twg ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv cov kev kawm.

phonetics

Peb pib nrog cov kev taw qhia txog lub ntsiab seem lug - phonetics. Qhov no science tshawb fawb hais lus suab thiab nta ntawm lawv lub lag luam. Nyob rau hauv phonetics xam tau tias yog alternation ntawm suab, nyob ntawm seb txoj kev nyuaj siab, qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw ntawm lo lus. lub muaj zog thiab cov tsis muaj zog txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov suab no kuj suav hais tias.

Nyias kawm xws li ib tug tshaj plaws raws li ib tug lub suab, thiab lub division ntawm cov lo lus rau hauv lub suab raws li cov kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus. Nws yog hais txog mus rau lub phonetics thiab raug, luag Iwm haiv neeg.

orthography

Qhov thib ob qho tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm cov lus - spelling. Nws tau raug kawm spelling lus thiab lawv tseem ceeb qhov chaw. Vim lub spell peb muaj cuab kav nrog cov kev cai thiab orthograms, peb kawm kom paub txog lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav tau siv kev cai los mus txiav txim yog dab tsi tsab ntawv yuav tsum tau sau ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug lo lus.

Vocabulary thiab phraseology

Vocabulary thiab phraseology - lub feem ntau nthuav seem lug kawm lexical richness ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus, raws li tau zoo raws li tau hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov idioms. Hais txog cov lus, nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev hais tias nws tau kawm lub tswv yim xws li txhais, homonyms, txhais ntxeev paronyms, nws yog kev kawm rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov lo lus thiab lawv cov hauj lwm distinguishes active thiab passive paub cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab lus.

Phraseology yog koom nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawm phraseology, lawv lub ntsiab lus thiab cov keeb kwm.

Heev zoo kev cob cog nrog cov lus thiab phraseology lexicography - txoj kev tshawb no ntawm dictionaries.

derivation

Lwm seem ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm cov lus - lo lus tsim. Nws examines nyob tus yeees ntawm lo lus. Yog li ntawd, txhua txhua lo lus muaj ib tug hauv paus uas yog tus lexical lub ntsiab lus. Tsis tas li ntawd lub hauv paus ntawm cov lo lus yuav tau mus ntxiv, ib tug tom qab los yog ib tug prefix. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov raug rho tawm puag lo lus.

Derivation kev tshawb fawb tsis tsuas yog ntawm cov lus, tab sis kuj yog txoj kev nyob rau hauv uas tau raug tsim nyob rau los yog hais tias cov lus uas rau tom qab ntawm verbs, thiab yog dab tsi - adjectives.

Paub cov qauv rau kev lo lus tsim, cov neeg yooj yim mastered spelling, vim tej no ob seem yog zoo li zoo txuas.

morphology

Morphology - heev voluminous seem ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm cov lus. Nws tau raug kawm qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus thiab lawv cov hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hais lus. Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev kawm, cov menyuam kawm lub ntsiab thiab tej koom haum qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, cov kev cai ntawm spelling, tau ntsib nrog rau cov kev uas cov ntshiv qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus, yuav ua li cas kom paub tias cov genus los yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tus los yog chaw uas yog hais txog nws.

Cov morphology yog tseem heev zoo kev cob cog rua qhov txawv, vim nws yog tsim nyog los paub tsis tau tsuas yog yuav ua li cas lo lus yog tsim, tab sis kuj yuav ua li cas nws hloov. Tom qab tag nrho, ib txhia ntawm cov suab, thiab yog li ntawd thaum sau cov tsiaj ntawv nyob ntawm seb yog lo lus nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub.

Syntax thiab cov cim

Cov feem ntau nyuaj ib feem ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm cov lus - syntax thiab cov cim. Kawm nws pib nyob rau hauv lub 8 thiab 9 qib. Cov thawj heev tshaj plaws uas cov tub ntxhais kawm kawm txog - qhov no yog lub tswvyim ntawm cov lo lus ob peb ua ke thiab tej yam kev sib raug zoo ntawm lo lus. Ces lawv tsiv mus rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm thawj thiab offerings, kawm mus nrhiav lawv thiab muab graphically.

Tom qab hais tias, txoj kev tshawb no muaj ib tug yooj yim raws li ib tug ob-ib feem los yog ib leeg-muaj pes tsawg leeg. Peb kawm lawv cov kev faib thiab ua nyob rau hauv kev hais lus. Twb tau nyob rau lub 9 qib pib paub txoj kab lus, hom kev twb kev txuas ntawm lawv, classifications.

Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev kawm no kuj muaj ib tug acquaintance nrog lub cim ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus, uas yog zoo txuas nrog lub syntax. Nws kawm kev cai lij choj kev tso kawm ntawm commas, dashes, colons, semicolons. Ib tug nyuag cov keeb kwm tom qab txog lub keeb kwm ntawm tej yam tshwm sim.

stylistics

Kawm qhov kev kawm ntawm cov lus khej, cov tub kawm thiab ces kev nyuaj siab nrog cov ceg lug yog stylistics. Nws tau raug kawm yeej ntawm kev hais lus, lawv lub ntsiab yam ntxwv thiab nta tau hauj lwm. Qhia ob peb yooj yim yeej, artistic, kev, journalistic, kev cai dab qhuas, Elementary, epistolary.

Thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev kawm, cov menyuam kawm mus rau ntsiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua tus ntawm cov yeej thiab txiav txim seb lawv yog no los yog tias cov ntawv nyeem.

Culture ntawm kev hais lus

Thiab lub xeem seem, uas yog muaj nqis mentioning - lub kab lis kev cai ntawm kev hais lus. Nws yog kev kawm hais lus thiab sau cov kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus. Feem ntau cov kev cai nyob rau hauv seem no yog kawm thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev xeem ntawm lwm seem lug. Heev zoo kev cob cog nrog lub kab lis kev cai ntawm kev hais lus stylistics Orthoepy thiab spelling.

tshawb pom

Peb pom dab tsi seem ntawm qhov kev kawm ntawm txoj kev kawm lus nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv cov kev kawm. Ntawm lawv, xws li phonetics thiab spelling, cov lo lus thiab phraseology, lo lus tsim thiab morphology, syntax thiab cov cim, raws li zoo raws li lub style thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm kev hais lus. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog zoo txuas, kev txawj ntse ntawm ib nqe lus txhawb tus assimilation ntawm cov kev cai los ntawm lwm tus uas nyob ib sab.