Yuav ua li cas mus sib tshooj? hom ntawm sib tshooj

Yuav Tsum caij ntawm tsim ntawm tej lub tsev los yog lub tsev yog sib tshooj. Qhov no feem ntawm lub tsev lub moj khaum thiab yuam load kabmob muaj nuj nqi thiab division ntawm plag tsev. Ua tau, vim lub overlap thiab ensured tsim ntawm multistory vaj tse lossis lub tsev qhov chaw sib cais ntawm lub ntsiab thiab hoob nyob sab sauv. Builders siv ntaub ntawv sib txawv tau haum rau kev pab raws qib sib tshooj. Hom ntawm sib tshooj kuj sib txawv los ntawm lo lus uas peb hom, tsim thiab lwm yam hauj lwm tsis. Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov qauv zoo tshaj plaws suited rau cov kev xav tau ntawm peb tes num, nws yog tsim nyog los paub qhov yam ntxwv ntawm uas twb muaj lawm hom sib tshooj, raws li zoo raws li yuav tsum tau rau lub hwj chim load ntawm lub caij.

Classification los ntawm lub hom phiaj

Thaum xaiv cov hom kev sib tshooj yuav tsum xub tsim nyob rau hauv nws cov neej yav tom ntej siv. Raws li ib tug dav dav txoj cai, cov kws txawj qhia tau peb cheeb tsam ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm tej ntsiab.

1. Cap. Qhov no pab pawg neeg tej zaum yuav muaj xws li hom tsev nyob rau hauv tsev, uas xyuas kom meej qhov kev sib cais chaw nyob hauv qab ntawm lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no tus siv yog siv rau Piv txwv li cais los ntawm tus thawj hauv qab daus pem teb.
2. Ib nrab-pem teb cheeb tsam. Cov feem ntau variant nyob rau hauv uas lub overlap yog teem ntawm lub plag tsev.
3. Nthab. Saib kuas meej kuas splitting nthab los yog nthab thiab chav tsev nyob.

Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub overlapping superimposed nyob rau hauv lawv tej qhov kev pab raws qib, uas tej zaum yuav yog nyob ntawm seb tus tsim thiab qhov chaw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv uas yog ua tus lwm yam hais txog lub tsev. Raws li cov kev tsis, xaiv tej yam kev plag uas yuav muab lub "cev pob txha" ntawm lub tsev lub zog thiab durability. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub private ntoo tsev rau npaj lub nthab muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau sib ceilings system, thiab ua tsis tau tsis muaj high-zog ua kev reinforced lug nyob rau hauv high-sawv cib tsev.

Overlapping monolithic hom

Ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nyuaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev kawm ntawm ceilings, uas kuj muab lub siab tshaj plaws zog thiab lub tsev. Cov lug tsim qhob rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub filling tshuab. Thawj kauj ruam yog tsim los ntawm formwork, rau cov uas pre-xaiv tsim nyog tsim yuav tsum rebars. Tom ntej no, ib tug qhob foundation yog poured, lub thickness ntawm cov uas muaj peev xwm sib txawv los ntawm 8 mus rau 14 cm. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua enjoyed los ntawm zoo tag nrho txhua hom ntawm monolithic slabs yog tau nyiaj tau los pab tej daim ntawv rau yav tom ntej siv. Qhov no siv rau cov tsoos kev xaiv ntawm kev reinforced slabs, thiab cam khwb cia-khaws system, uas, li cas los xij, muaj ib co kev txwv.

Hom kev ua vaj tse plag tsev

Tsaug rau nws cov kev zoo thiab kev kawm ntawv, kev reinforced lug yog heev nrov nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Lawv loj heev yeej txhawb yooj yim, tab sis yog lub sij hawm-siv, raug technology. Xav lub hom pob zeb ua cov plag tsev, thaum nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev tias tag nrho cov ntawm lawv lub caij nplooj zeeg mus rau hauv lub Hoobkas thiab tiav lawm cov khoom ncaj nraim rau ntawm qhov chaw.

Tiav lawm plag tsev feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev nyob. Txij li thaum lub pob zeb ua nws tus kheej muaj ib tug kuj loj loj, tsis muaj kev siv ntawm cranes mounted rau tsuas tsis yooj yim sua. Vim li no, nws yog pom zoo kom mus nqa tawm mounting ncaj qha "rau ntawm tej log". Xws li cov tsheb npav xa daim hlau thiab muab lawv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Yog hais tias tus xaiv txoj kev ntawm yus tus kheej-ntau lawm ntawm tej phiaj, nws yog tsim nyog los saib xyuas txoj hauj lwm (los yog ib tug khoom hlau plank nto) thiab consumables, uas yog feem ntau kuj muaj lub Hoobkas keeb kwm.

Niaj hnub nimno phaj hom "filigree" kuj muaj xws li nyob rau hauv koj pab pawg neeg ua los ntawm cov pob zeb. Hom sib tshooj ntawm no tsev neeg yog yus muaj los ntawm muaj ib tug qauv ntawm cov hlau paib Hoobkas, uas nws thickness tsis pub tshaj 6 cm. Qhov npaj hauv paus ntawm lub kev formwork ntawm reinforcing rods, tom qab uas nws tau nchuav nrog qhob mix.

Chastorebristye overlap

Qhov kev xaiv no yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm me me private tsev. Tus tsim yog raws li nyob rau hauv chastorebristogo overlapping beams thiab hollow blocks, uas sau ib qhov chaw ntawm lub cev ntsiab. Feem ntau hom ntawm prefabricated ceilings, installation uas yog sib sau ua ke hais rau ib tug yav tas los npaj kawm ntawv thiab cov creation ntawm qhob ties. Cov qhov zoo ntawm cov qauv chastorebristyh paim lawv refractory zog, kuj muaj kev ntseeg, suab nrov yuav txo tau, thiab muaj peev xwm rau nruab yog tsis siv tshwj xeeb cov khoom.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias tib zoo muaj overlap, nqa tawm qhob slabs precast. Lawv installation feem ntau tsis ua teeb meem ntau heev, tab sis nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub tseem yuav tsum tau kev koom tes ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab cranes.

joist qab nthab

ntoo kab teeb kheev siv. Lawv pab tsim tshooj nyob rau hauv cib thiab ntoo vaj tse. Cov kev siv yog ib tug lub moj khaum ntawm girders thiab pw plank pem teb, uas yuav tom qab yuav siv tau rau cov hniav coatings. Pa hom hardwood plag tsev muab ib tug tswvyim rau generating kev sib txuas ntawm cov boards los ntawm txoj kev grooves. Kab teeb siv tej zaum yuav muaj cov nram qab no qhov ntev: 10-20 cm nyob rau hauv dav, 40 cm qhov siab thiab 15 cm nyob rau hauv ntev.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov kev tsim kho yog ua los ntawm cov ntoo, ib kauj ruam ntawm lub nqa yuav ua tau mus txog rau 150 cm. Structurally saj zawg zog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm system pub tso cov kab teeb nyob rau hauv thiab soundproofing khoom. Hardwood plag tsev muaj kuj pab tau nyob rau hauv lub kho kom zoo nkauj. Nyob rau sab saum toj sab yuav pw rau lawv zoo yam txheej thiab nrog rau cov hauv qab - txhim kho ib tug tshem tawm qab nthab.

hom kab teeb

kab teeb ntawm ob hom yuav siv tau rau hardwood plag tsev. Cov no yog cov ntsiab los ntawm ib tug khoom ntoo los yog laminated khoom. Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov thawj txhav ntau ntau yam uas feem ntau siv ntoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xav txog tias nyob rau hauv nruab interfloor khoom ntsiab yuav siv tau xwb nyob rau hauv ib tug mob yog tias qhov ntev ntawm lub qhov chaw yog tsis ntau tshaj li 5 m. Glued hom joists cia wider daim ntawv thov txij thaum lawv raug technology muab dua lub dag lub zog cov ntaub ntawv uas.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, laminated beams yuav manufactured nrog ib tug ntev ntau tshaj tej analogues ntawm khoom ntoo array. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, cov ntsiab ntawm cov hom yuav muaj peev xwm los mus tiv hnyav loads thiab sib tshooj spans mus txog 20 m ntev. Ceeb thiab zoo nkauj tsos ntawm cov glued beam, los ntawm cov uas yuav tsis muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kho mob tom qab mounting.

Pem teb slabs

Yuav kom paub meej interstorey septum yog zoo tagnrho - lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, xaiv ib hom ntawm kev tsim kho. Thaum lub caij, lub nram qab no ntawm ntau slabs, haum rau ntau yam kev tsim kho lub hom phiaj.

1. Ribbed. Vim lub peculiar profile, ua zoo nrog ib tug dabtsi yog khoov load. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub lwm cov attics thiab cellars.
2. Hollow. Qhov zoo ntawm cov xws ceilings muaj cua sov thiab lub suab rwb thaiv tsev, raws li zoo raws li lub teeb yuag, uas lawv siv nyob rau hauv vaj tse rau txawv hom phiaj.
3. Monolithic. Lawv muaj lub zog uas loj tshaj, uas txiav txim lub ntsiab kev coj ntawm lawv cov kev siv - nyob rau hauv siab sawv vaj tse.
4. Khoom. Vim lub high school lub load-tau cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm xws overlap yog ntse siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm muaj chaw.

Klein overlapping

Qhov no zoo ntawm sib tshooj yog tsis raws li ntau nyob rau hauv Russia raws li lub tib monolithic reinforced slab, tab sis ua ntej nws cov neeg sawv cev twb nrov ntawm developers, thiab niaj hnub no tseem yog ib tug ntau ntawm cov los ntawm UFW ntawm no technology. Kane tsim yuav incorporated mus ua hom ntawm cov plag tsev ntawm cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub kab teeb. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws tsis yog siv ntoo thiab hlau I-beam ntsiab uas nws qhov siab yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 8 thiab 24 cm. Placement ntawm beams yog ua nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm txhua lwm yam los ntawm kwv yees li 160 cm. Cov sab theem yuav tsum los ua ib tug pab txhawb nqa phaj tsim ntawm tej hub cib. Lub slab kuj siv tam nrog hlau ib daim hlab los yog rods, xws li nyob rau hauv thickness ntawm 0.6 rau 0.8 cm. Yog tias yuav tsum tau cov kabmob muaj peev xwm ntawm no tsim yog nce los ntawm strengthening sau cib los yog I-kab teeb.

Txhim kho tsev slab

Tiav lawm qhob slab raws li nyob rau tag nrho cov daim ntawv daim hlau mus rau 15 cm tuab. Nyob rau hauv tib txoj cai raws li cov kabmob tivthaiv tsim hlau beams: channel hlau los yog H-hais. Lawv muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau los them rau cov spans loj mus - txawm nyob rau hauv lawv yuav tsum muaj siab zog, raws li zoo raws li kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv hluav taws kub thiab lwj dab, uas muaj yuav luag tag nrho cov pob zeb ua plag tsev. Hom ntawm ceilings nyob rau hauv ib tug ntoo los luj nyob rau hauv lub ua kev reinforced counterparts poob, txawm hais tias kom tuav yog heev ntev.

Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub perimeter ntawm lub site los override tus yuav tsum tau npaj cov ntoo formwork. Nws ntxiv ua ib tug tsi ntawm "hauv qab" tsim. Formwork ua los ntawm plywood los xij uas muab tso rau hauv lub sawv ntsug, kos, hlau thiab ntoo kab teeb. Nyob rau hauv hlau substrate yog tsim nyog los nteg tam ncej, nyob rau lub tuav siv, ib tug approximate 1 cm tuab. Tom qab ntawd, npaj qauv yuav tsum tau sau nrog qhob. Nws yog preferable siv lub cim M200. Lub thusly npaj overlap yuav sib txawv high degree ntawm lub dag lub zog thiab durability.

Installation ntawm prefabricated tsev slabs

Prefabricated monolithic qauv yog tsim coj mus rau tus yam ntxwv thiab hom ntawm slabs ntawm kev reinforced kab teeb. Rau ib tug ntaus ntawv ntawm tej tshooj yuav tsum vystelit rau tsiv teb tsaws ntoo flooring, uas ua cov kev ua ntawm ib tug txhawb tus qauv rau cov kab teeb. Installation yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv cov phab ntsa, thaum ntawm cov kab teeb yuav tsum nteg lub hollow blocks. Tom ntej no, tsim tus ncej yog tam thiab sau nrog xis mas mortar. Qhob mis nyuj pib mus infiltrate lub pores ntawm cov blocks thiab tsim ib cov qauv ntawm hollow hlau beams thiab ntsiab. Tej ceilings raws li niaj hnub qauv, raws li uas lub tsev yog ua los. Nyob rau hauv kev, lawv muab lub dag lub zog, soundproofing thiab durability, thaum uas seem pheej yig yam overlapping ntaus ntawv.

Kho thiab kev cuab lub zog ntawm sib tshooj

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug kho kev lag luam yuav hloov los yog ntxiv dag zog rau ntawm ib tug neeg overlapping tawg tsam. Hom sib tshooj, raws li nyob rau hauv lub beams yog situated ntxiv rau cov kev muaj peev xwm ntawm lub nce qauv. Ua hauj lwm pib nrog mounting racks, uas ces ua kev txhawb zog. Ntxiv dag zog rau cov ntoo kab teeb nquag yuav hloov ntawm beams rau analogues nrog ib tug loj tus ntoo khaub lig seem los yog ua rau kom lawv muaj pes tsawg. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau kho ntawm kev reinforced lug, raws li ib tug txoj cai, tshwm sim los ntawm cov tsos ntawm xeb. Nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov txhab bounces ua vaj tse, tom qab uas lub stripped valve xim anticorrosive coatings. Raws li los ntawm kho tshiab ntawm lub qub xeev ntawm sib tshooj.