Yuav ua li cas "hnav" thiab "hnav"? Piv txwv ntawm kev sau ntawv cov lus nyob rau hauv ib tug kab lus

Muaj coob tus neeg tsis pom qhov txawv nyob rau hauv dab tsi qhov qhia txog kev siv nyob rau hauv ib tug lub ntsiab lus teb - "hnav khaub ncaws" los yog "lov." Muaj ntau txawm ntseeg tau hais tias ntawm tag nrho cov, thiab tsis muaj kev xav tau ntawm txhua yam yog cov kev cai, kev piav qhia thiab clarifications. Raws li lawv, "hnav ib lub kaus mom" los yog "hnav ib lub kaus mom," suab sib txawv, tab sis cov yuav tseem tau tib yam.

Ushakov lub phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm qhov qhia txog kev "hnav" thiab "hnav"

Nyob rau hauv lub "phau ntawv txhais lus" Ushakov muab tej kev qhia txog qhov qhia txog kev "" hnav:

1. Hnav mus - mus hnav khaub ncaws ib tug neeg los yog ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv ib co khaub ncaws. Piv txwv li: "Hnav li nyob rau hauv costumes ntawm lam."
2. Tiab - txhais tau hais tias npog los yog qhwv ib yam dab tsi rau warmth. Piv txwv li, hnav ib daim pam nees, muab tso rau ib tug neeg mob nrog ib daim pam.
3. Nyob rau hauv ib tug figurative siab "" hnav - uas txhais tau hais tias qhwv, cover, obvoloch. Piv txwv yog cov nuj nqis ntawm kev hais lus-metaphors, "Lub caij ntuj no hnav khaub ncaws av tag nrho cov daus" los yog "Tsob ntoo hnav khaub ncaws tshem lacy ntxoov ntxoo."
4. Hnav li nyob rau hauv lub broadest kev txiav txim zoo txhais tau hais tias muab ib tug neeg rau cov khaub ncaws, los pab nyob rau hauv nrhiav tau ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm garments. Piv txwv li: "Yog li ntawd nws sim muab nws tsev neeg uas nws ua hauj lwm nyuaj kawg li."

Hais txog qhov kev qhia txog kev ua "hnav" Ushakov wrote:

1. Hnav - rub, cover, swb cev tsoos tsho, daim ntawm cov khaub ncaws los yog ib daim pam, daim pam, ntaub rau chaw los ntawm tus mob khaub thuas, los nag los yog cua, los yog mus nkaum, nkaum nakedness. Piv txwv: "Yog hais tias nag tau ploj mus - koj yuav tsis hnov qab mus muab tso rau hauv ib lub hood!" "Ntse ntxhais muab tso rau hauv ib lub network - thiab tsis ua liab qab thiab tsis nyob rau hauv lub khaub ncaws!"
2. Hnav - mus kom ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv ib yam dab tsi. "Nws muab Petrovich os rau ib tug nti tawm - thiab kom cov hluav taws nws, cia browns zoo!"

Figuratively "muab tso rau ntawm" qhov qhia txog kev

Ib txhia linguists cam hais tias lo lus "tsis txhob" tsis yog raws li ntau lub ntsiab raws li nws paronym "hnav ris tsho". Lawv hais tias nws hais ib yam kev txiav txim, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug figurative siab, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau nws siv.

Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog tsis muaj tseeb nkaus. Cov qhia txog kev ua "hnav" yuav pab raws li ib feem ntawm ib qho kev qhia, ib tug ua piv txwv qhia, thaum ib tug animation ntawm tswg xwm los yog hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no rau nws.

Piv txwv xws li tej proposals: "Birches muab lawv qhwv ntsej, zoo li tus ntxhais ntawm marriageable muaj hnub nyoog," los yog "Muab tso rau hauv sheepskin daus ntoo qhib, zoo li ib tug txiv neej laus laus, sawv nws tus kheej squeaks."

Xa mus rau Rosenthal

Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov xib fwb piav kev siv ntawm "hnav" thiab "hnav", raws li nyob rau hauv cov nram no piav qhia Rosenthal: hnav ris tsho ib tug neeg (los yog ib yam dab tsi, xws li ib tug menyuam roj hmab, ib tug neeg tuag, cov khoom ua si) rau hauv ib yam dab tsi los yog ib yam dab tsi thiab muab tso rau ib yam dab tsi ib yam dab tsi rau ib tug neeg.

Uas yog, coj los yog hnav ris tsho yuav ua tau tus tub ntawm ib lub tsho loj, tus nkauj nyab nyob rau hauv ib tug kab tshoob tiab, ib txhais tes hnab looj tes. Tab sis koj muaj peev xwm hnav ib yam dab tsi rau ib tug neeg los yog ib yam dab tsi: ib lub tsho loj rau nws tus tub, ib tug kab tshoob tiab nyob ib tug nkauj nyab, ib tug hnab looj tes nyob rau hauv nws txhais tes. Txawm muab cov kab lus-ntsis: "Santa yog hnav ris tsho, hnav ib lub tsho tiv no."

Txhais ntxeev los pab peb!

Ib txhia neeg, thaum confronted nrog lub teeb meem ntawm yuav ua li cas hais tias "hnav" thiab "hnav lub tsho tiv no", tuaj nrog ib qho yooj yim txoj kev uas yuav xaiv qhov tseeb kev xaiv. Nws hloov tawm, koj muaj peev xwm siv cov ntaub ntawv lus txhais ntxeev.

Lo lus nrog cov opposite lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov qhia txog kev "hnav ris tsho" yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm "undress" thiab cov lus rov ntawm qhov qhia txog kev "hnav" yog "muab tshem tawm". Txij li thaum cov kab lus "sawb lub tsho tiv no" yog meaningless, ces hnav ib lub tsho tiv no, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yooj yim sua.

Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev, koj yuav ua tau rau txoj kev xaiv ntawm ob kab zauv: "coj tsom iav" los yog "muab tso rau ntawm lub tsom iav." Yog nws tau mus strip rau lub tsom iav? Ntawm cov hoob kawm tsis tau! Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tsum kho kom xav txog lub kev xaiv thib ob - mus coj tsom iav.

Nws yog txaus siab nrog no piav, feem ntau niaj hnub cov neeg, xav tias nws lub feem ntau yooj yim thiab tseeb.

semantic tsis meej pem

Yeej tseem zoo, siv cov qhov qhia txog kev "hnav" thiab "hnav" ntau zaus tshaj tsis ua qhov kev nkag siab ntawm lub saum toj no tsis meej pem. Txawm tias xws li ib tug tau tshwm sim, piv txwv li, yog hais tias tus kev sib tham yog hais txog tus menyuam roj hmab-zaub txhwb qaib, uas, xws li ib tug hnab looj tes hnav nyob rau hauv lub tes.

Muab muab tso rau tus menyuam roj hmab-zaub txhwb qaib yuav txhais hais tias tus menyuam roj hmab yuav tsum hnav ris tsho li nyob rau hauv tshiab khaub ncaws: Hloov lub kaus mom, muab pov ib tug dhaus cape los yog ib txoj phuam khi. Tiam sis thov muab tso rau hauv tus menyuam roj hmab twb txhais tau tias koj yuav tsum tau rub zaub txhwb qaib ntawm tes thiab npaj txhij rau kev txiav txim. Yog li ntawd hais tias cov kev siv ntawm qhov qhia txog kev "hnav" thiab "hnav" radically hloov lub ntsiab lus ntawm dab tsi tau hais tias nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem.

Tej yuav tshwm sim thaum nws los txog rau lo lus "hi" los yog "ntshai" vim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm kuj yuav zoo ib yam li rau kev hnav ris tsho nyob rau hauv ib yam dab tsi, thiab muab tso rau hauv ib tug ncej los yog tus ncej.

Lom zem ntawm Lavxias teb sab qhia

Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias cov hluas nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov muaj hnub nyoog differed nihilism. Feem ntau cov zoo siab perceives ib tug hostile txais tos tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev cai. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lawv ua los ua pov thawj hais tias lo lus "muab" thiab "hnav" yog yuav luag tib yam, ces nws ua rau tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau to taub yuav ua li cas nws yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv ib tug cov ntaub ntawv.

Tus kws qhia ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv yuav tsum tau ib tug artist, ib tug storyteller, tau skillfully coj kev sib tham, xaiv lub zog pov thawj los ua pov thawj cov zajlus kom yam tseem ceeb ntawm kev txawj ntse ntawm cov kev cai ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus. Thiab tsis tau nws yuav tsum yog ... humorist.

Tom qab tag nrho, kev lom zem - nws yog tej zaum cov feem ntau haib riam phom tiv thaiv ignorance. Thiab txawm hais tias qhov teeb meem no hais rau tus kws qhia ntawv, nws yog tsis heev plausible, tab sis nws yuav tawm hauv lub imagery nyob rau hauv lub "thais" minds mus ib txhis. Tsaug rau lub funny "daim duab" tsim los ntawm ib tug paub qab hau xib fwb ntawm lub tswv yim, cov menyuam kawm ntawv yuav to taub tias muaj yog nruab nrab lub verbs "hnav ris tsho" thiab "muab tso rau ntawm" qhov sib txawv, nrog ib tug loj loj.

hnav khaub ncaws qaib

Tsis meej pem nyob rau hauv lub siv ntawm cov ob verbs tshwm sim rau yog vim li cas hais tias ob leeg yog tib lub hauv paus qhia txog kev ua. Txawm li cas los, qhov qhia txog kev "hnav" yog ib yam uas tseem ceeb heev. Nrog rau tus txheej txheem uas muab cov ris tsho hnav nws yeej tseem nqa tau lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub "pas", piv txwv li, nyob rau ib nti los yog ncov. Cov zaj dab neeg hais tias tus hais mav luag thiab yuav nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lawv lub cim xeeb, cia li raws li nyob rau hauv lub ambiguity ntawm qhov qhia txog kev "rau hnav."

Nyob rau ib lub ntawm cov me nyuam kawm ntawv picnics nyob rau hauv lub tuam txhab yog ib tug tub hluas uas to taub txhua yam lus. Nws lub npe yog Hernando, nws yog ib tug Mexican. Cov hais mav txiav txim siab mus ua noj nqaij qaib nyob rau hauv ib tug skewer.

Thaum qhov hluav taws kub nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub blazed merrily, lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov kev npaj ntawm refreshments Hernando hais tias: "Muab tso rau hauv lub nqaij qaib - uas skewer!" Tub, uas tau thov, ncaws nws lub taub hau thiab taug kev deb los ntawm qhov hluav taws kub mus rau lub rooj uas muaj nyob rau cov zaub mov nyoos.

Nws yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Tab sis thaum nws rov qab nrog ib tug qaib nyob rau hauv nws ob txhais tes, tus phooj ywg tis cia li tag zej zog! Nyob rau hauv nqaij qaib coj qhws ib tug tawv hau adorned nws lub duav tiab nrog xub pwg-straps - ib tug tsi sarafan ua los ntawm chiffon txoj phuam ib flirtatious poj niam me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab txhais ceg stumps tau ntsawj mus rau hauv ib tug neeg lub nkawm khau.

Leej twg muab qhov kev txiav txim Hernando "rau muab tso rau lub nqaij qaib," Kuv twb outraged los ntawm cov feem ntau, vim hais tias nws yog nws cap thiab nws nkawm khau twb muab zibntab ruam Mexican. Tab sis nws calmly teb hais tias qhov kev thov nws ua raws nraim: muab cov nqaij qaib - yog li hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv ib co nthuav dav. Lavxias teb sab heev-nws yeej paub cov lus!

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus thawj txiav txim thiab nws ciali ib tug me ntsis txawv. Tab sis nws piav rau lawv tias tau paub nrog ib co Lavxias teb sab kev lis kev cai, tus tub hluas yeej tsis nkees ntawm xav tsis thoob. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv carols neeg hnav nyob rau hauv cov tawv ntawm cov tsiaj, nyob rau xyoo tshiab kho cov ntoo Christmas. Tej zaum tseem muaj ib co zoo ntawm kev cai, thaum koj yuav tau hnav ris tsho li ib tug qaib ua ntej nws kib?

Ironic lus piv txwv txog cov kev cai yuav pab tau zoo dua cim

Los ntawm txoj kev, tom qab xws li ib tug funny dab neeg tus xib fwb muaj peev xwm ua kom paub cov me nyuam duab nrog sau: ib drawing, uas qhia tau hais tias ib tug "zoo-hnav khaub ncaws" nqaij qaib, thiab hauv qab nws cov lus: "Hnav li nqaij qaib nyob rau hauv cov khaub ncaws", thaum lub sij hawm thib ob daim duab los ntawm lub cev ntawm ib tug skewer, nyob rau hauv uas yog sau " hnav ib tug qaib nyob rau hauv ib tug skewer. "

Twb tom qab xws li ib tug humorous thiab yeeb yam zoo hais mav yeej tsis xav yuam kev li cas hais tias, "hnav ris tsho" los yog "muab tso rau hauv." Hnav rau ib tug qaib, ib tug hau thiab rau khau ntaub - daim duab no yuav nco ntsoov tseeb!

Thaum peb hais "hnav khaub ncaws"?

Yog li ntawd nws yog lub sij hawm mus nrog cov ntsiab lus muab tau los los ntawm ib tug qhia txog kev ua. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias qhia txog kev ua "tiab" yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub animate los yog tswg khoom, tab sis, nrog tej yam tshwm sim ntawm ib tug neeg (neeg tuag menyuam roj hmab, khoom ua si tsiaj, muaj ib mannequin). Raws li hais saum toj no, tej zaum qhov qhia txog kev hais lus nyob rau hauv metaphors tuaj ciaj sia nrog cov khoom ntawm tswg xwm - lawv yog ntaus nqi mus rau lub peev xwm ntawm nyob creatures.

Li ntawd, cov lo lus "hnav khaub ncaws" kuj pab raws li ib tug txhais ntawm nyob quavntsej los yog animate tib neeg lub tswv yim. Hnav khaub ncaws txiv neej hnav khaub ncaws poj niam nyob rau hauv tsev, hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv cov daus kaus mom - cov no yog cov piv txwv ntawm kev siv cov lus "hnav khaub ncaws".

Thaum tales ntawm heroes (animated tswg khoom nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub) yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws: cov lus no thiab lub txaj, thiab lwm yam.

"Lub rooj, hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv ib tug festive ntaub pua rooj, tau hais khov kho ntsia ntawm nws lub zej zog" los yog "Hnav elegant framed yees duab ntawm nws tus txiv, hitherto pylivshayasya nyob rau hauv lub txee dai khaub ncaws, yog tsis tshua zoo siab txog cov kev hloov no nyob rau hauv nws destiny."

"Looj ib hnab looj tes," "looj hnab looj tes" - yog muaj tseeb?

Nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau tswg khoom yuav tsum tau siv lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "hnav". Hais tias yog, ib tug nplua yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws, tab sis tsuas yog hnav. Tib yam siv rau lo lus "tsom iav", "daim tiab", "lub tsho tiv no", "lub kaus mom" thiab lwm yam denoting khoom uas hnav.

Ib qho piv txwv ntawm ib tug hnab looj tes, koj muaj peev xwm siv nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawv, piav qhia txog lub semantic txawv cov ntsiab lus txhais ntawm "hnav khaub ncaws" thiab "lov". Yuav kom pab txhawb kev kawm yuav muab cov menyuam kawm ntawv saib xyuas rau cov dluab nrog sau. Thiab ib tug ntawm lawv yog txhim khu kev qha - nrog lub npe "rau looj hnab looj tes." Thiab ntawm no yog ib daim duab kos npe los ntawm cov kab lus "hnav hnab looj tes" yuav yog ib tug humorous cim - muaj nyob rau lub hnab looj tes, los yog es, nyob rau ib qho ntawm nws cov ntiv tes, hnav ib tug hau thiab ib txoj phuam khi.

Cov kab lus "hnav ib hnab looj tes" yuav nyob ua ib ke xwb nyob rau hauv ib tug fairy taleas los yog ib tug science ntawv tseeb zaj dabneeg, uas los mus rau lub neej accessory yuav hnav ris tsho li, hais lus, xav hais tias. Piv txwv li, ib co ntawm cov poj niam hnav lub rings nyob rau saum toj ntawm lub hnab looj tes. Thiab ntawm no yog ib tug zoo heev zajlus tso cai rau kev siv ntawm cov kab lus: nyob rau hauv ib hnab looj tes hluas nkauj muab tso rau hauv sab saum toj ntawm lub nplhaib, thiab lwm yam - tsis muaj. Thiab "hnav ib hnab looj tes" nrog ib tug kub siv, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog diamonds, scoffs nyob rau ntawm nws tus muam, uas "yuam kom mus tawm liab qab." Xaus zaj dab neeg tej zaum yuav txiav txim kom tias tus tswv loses ib hnab looj tes - ib tug uas tau raug "Undressed." "Nplua nuj hnab looj tes" zoo siab - tam sim no nws yuav tsis ua siab ntev tom ntej no mus nws no thov khawv txhawj! Txawm li cas los, nws xav kom khaum hostess sab tsis tau thiab quaj ntsuag, cuam nws nyob rau hauv lub thoob khib nyiab ua dag khav theeb.