Vodka Freezing Point: Puas vodka freezes? Thaum vodka freezes?

Txij ancient sij hawm, cov neeg haus dej haus cawv nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv los yog lwm. Peb yuav tsis cam txog cov kev piam sij ntawm tej dej qab zib. Haus dej cawv yeej yog raug mob rau kev kho mob, tiam sis feem ntau cov neeg ntseeg hais tias nws yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv me me qhov ntau.

Vodka - dab tsi yog cov khoom no?

Vodka - ib tug muaj zog dej cawv ntawm dej thiab ethyl cawv. Fortress tswj tseg - nws yog hom twg los ntawm 40 mus 56%. Cov ntau heev thiab nrov xaiv - 40% ntawm cov vodka.

Lavxias teb sab vodka yog siv ntau tshaj li ib qho kev ywj dej cawv, thiab neeg txawv teb chaws raws li ib lub hauv paus rau cocktails. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog siv rau zus tau tej cov tinctures thiab muab tshuaj pleev, compresses thiab grindings. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, ib tug universal khoom, thiab tsis tsuas yog rau cov drinkers.

los ntawm keeb kwm

Muaj coob tus neeg tsuagzog ntseeg tau hais tias vodka yees D. I. Mendeleev. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov khoom no muaj nyob npaum li cas lawm, rov qab nyob rau hauv Persia. Dmitri Ivanovich ntau thiab twb zoo muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub thaj chaw ntawm kev daws, xws li haus dej cawv. Nws doctoral dissertation twb hu ua "Nyob rau hauv dej cawv nrog dej", qhov twg nws yog ncav tsis txhaum tagnrho fortress - 60 qhov chaw ntshiab cawv thiab plaub caug qhov chaw.

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws vodka nws nyob ntawm lub Dmitry Donskoy, tab sis innovation yog tsis xav nyob rau hauv ib yam ntawm cov thawj, los yog cov neeg. Lawv xav hais tias peb cov zib ntab thiab ncuav wine qab qab zoo dua. Nyob rau hauv 1429 vodka twb coj rov qab mus rau Russia, tab sis raws li ib tug yeeb tshuaj. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws tau noj hauv paus nyob rau hauv peb pawg neeg thaj av.

zog vodki

Cov dej cawv tov, zoo li lwm yam, muaj ntau lub cev thiab tshuaj zog: muaj vodka nws khov kub, yuav hnov mob nrog ntau yam tshuaj, tab sis muaj coob tus neeg xav xwb nyhuv ntawm no haus dej nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev.

Nws tau ntev tau pom hais tias me me koob tshuaj ntawm cov cawv (txog 20-25 g haus dej haus cawv) relaxes, nws muab ib tug qab ntxiag lightness thiab yooj yim ntawm kev sib txuas lus. Txawm li cas los, nrog ua noj tshuaj npaum cas pib loj hlob sai heev li no tsis zoo, xws li tsis sib haum, tsis paub, cov tsis muaj txaus kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm kev muaj tiag thiab lawv tus cwj pwm.

Lub tsuas pab tau zoo vodka los ntawm ib tug kws kho taw tes ntawm view - yog nws tshuaj tua kab mob zog, thiab muaj peev xwm siv raws li muab tshuaj pleev, compresses thiab cua txias refreshing rubdowns.

Ob peb cov neeg paub hais tias vodka thiab haus dej haus cawv tau sim siv raws li tshuaj loog (nyob rau hauv qhov qhaj ntawv los ntawm lwm yam tshuaj), tab sis qhov no txoj kev tau tso tseg. Dhau zoo kab lus dag ntawm lub Translation poob thiab hnovqab (raws li yog yuav tsum tau rau lub lag luam), raws li zoo raws li txoj kev tuag.

Puas vodka freezes

Yog li ntawd muaj coob tus neeg xav nyob rau hauv, seb puas nyob rau txoj ntsiab cai rau khov vodka. Cov lus teb yog yooj yim - yog, ib yam li tej lwm yam ua kua mixtures. Piv txwv li, ib tug nyeem sodium tshuaj dawb tov crystallized ntawm -21 ° C, thiab calcium chloride ntawm -55 ° C. Ntshiab ethanol freezes tsuas yog nyob rau ib feem tsawg tsawg kub (-115 ° C), Arctic cov roj ntawm -50 ° C.

Yog li ntawd, lo lus nug tsis yog seb lub vodka freezes, thiab yog tus kub uas tus txheej txheem no tshwm sim. Cia peb kawm no nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Raoult txoj cai

Qhov kawg ntawm XVIII xyoo pua Fabkis tus paub txog Fransua Raul kawm txos lub crystallization kub thiab pa siab txo (nce nyob rau hauv lub kub kub) dlaws thaum lub concentration ntawm cov tshuaj nkag tau thiab coj ob peb kev cai coj tus cwj pwm ntawm tagnrho daws teeb meem.

Qhov thib ob txoj cai ntawm Raul hais tias txos lub kub taw tes thiab khov kub sawv ntawm cov tshuaj yog ncaj qha proportional rau nws molal concentration.

Txoj kev cai no mus rau ib qho infinitely nta kev daws teeb meem, thiab nws tsis muaj feem xyuam rau qhov xwm ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm Cheebtsam.

Ntsuam ntawm txoj kev cai no mus rau cov dej cawv tov, thiab yog dab tsi yuav ua tau qhov kub ntawm lub khov ntawm vodka raws li cov uas nrhiav tau ntawm Raul? Tag nrho cov qauv Francois Raoult muaj feem xyuam rau qhov zoo tagnrho cov ntsiab ntawm uas tsis yog-volatiles thiab heev kom nquag plias cawv suab thiab pressurises lub vapor saum toj no qhov chaw ntawm dej cawv sib tov. Yog li ntawd nws yuav tsum xam nrog rau ib tug me me yuam kev: vodka khov kub yog 40% -27 ° C.

Tam sim ntawd nws yuav tsum hais tias tham txog kev soj ntsuam xyuas ntawm ib tug kub zoo rau ib co yog vim li cas. Nyob rau hauv lub crystallization ntawm dej dej khov hais raug tsim, thiab lub concentration ntawm dej cawv nyob rau hauv seem sib tov yog nce, thiab yog li ntawd hloov lub khov kub ntawm cov kua sib tov. Yog li ntawd yog dab tsi ncav tseeb hais lus tsis yog hais txog cov khov taw tes, tab sis lub starting taw tes rau ntawm lub crystallization txheej txheem.

rooj kub

Cov empirically, nyob ntawm seb nyob rau hauv ib feem rooj khov kub nws tau raug tsim raws li cov qauv ntawm cov nyiaj uas cawv nyob rau hauv vodka.

vodka khov kub yuav tsum varied tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm kev hloov lub cawv concentration nyob rau hauv lub ntoos sib xyaw, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lwm yam nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Txawm classical vodka, uas muaj tsuas lim dej thiab haus dej haus cawv, muaj ib co nyiaj ntawm fusel roj thiab lwm yam admixtures. Tej zaum nws yuav ua tau haus dej nrog sib txawv tsw additives uas cuam tshuam nws lub zog.

Puas vodka khov nyob rau hauv lub freezer

Yog li, peb pom tau tias qhov kub ntawm pib ntawm crystallization ntawm 40% dej cawv sib tov yog -27 ° C, tiam sis tsuas yog kwv yees li. Nyob rau hauv kev peb yuav hais tias cia kom khov pib thaum lub cim rau tus pas ntsuas kub los ze zog los yog mus txawv teb chaws -30 ° C.

Lub freezer kub, nyob ntawm seb lub chaw yuav tsum yog los ntawm -5 rau -24 ° C. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog tseem tsis txaus kom khov 40% ntawm haus dej cawv.

Muaj coob tus neeg yuav ntsib nrog lub fact tias vodka tshuav nyob rau hauv lub compartment rau hauv lub khov khoom, nyeem tas, thiab cov dej khov tsim nyob rau hauv nws. Yog li ntawd yog vim li cas frozen vodka nyob rau hauv lub freezer?

Muaj ob peb xaiv. Firstly, cov khoom yuav tsum diluted, es tsis txhob ntawm 40%, thiab nws yuav tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 35%. Thiab nyob rau sab concentration thiab txo tus khov taw tes ntawm vodka, freezer thiab lub hwj chim txaus rau crystallization.

Qhov thib ob xaiv - qhov txias thiab qhov nyob rau hauv lub khov chamber yog tsawg tshaj teev. Nws yog heev yooj yim mus nrog tus tsis tu ncua txoj kev tus pas ntsuas kub.

Peb Embodiment - coolant to vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov cheeb tsam nrog ib feem tsawg tsawg kub nyob rau hauv lub tub yees. Qhov no, incidentally, yog nej ib tug txaus ntshai qhov teeb meem - freon suab thiab cov compressor nyob rau hauv lub tub yees overheated, ua rau cov chav tsev tsis. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, CFC muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem nyob rau ib puag ncig thiab yog ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau txaus ntshai tshuaj uas deplete cov ozone txheej.

Icicles los yog jelly: nws zoo li ib tug khov vodka

Cia kom khov vodka - yog ib tug complex txheej txheem uas yog ib qhov nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam tsis muaj ib tug zoo piv txwv. Khov vodka yuav zoo sib txawv, nyob ntawm seb lub concentration ntawm ntshiab ethanol, lub sij hawm, impurities, kub oscillations. Txawm li cas los, chiv nws tsis crystallize thiab thickens, tej zaum transformed rau hauv jelly. Cov tshuaj dej jelly uas yog tsim los ntawm thiab dab, nws tsis muaj ib tug kev sib raug zoo. Txawm li cas los, ua "heady ice cream" nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo li zam. Nws zoo li txiv hmab txiv ntoo dej khov, thiab nws yog ib qab ntxiag mus rau noj nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub. Txawm li cas los, tsuas yog cov laus, vim cov me nyuam yuav tsis haus cawv.

Tom qab ntxiv txias thooj vodka pib crystallize - tej zaum congeals phiaj, tej zaum nws tsim cais islands dej khov. Kom hloov nws kiag li mus rau hauv ib tug khoom daim problematic - nws yog txuam nrog ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv tib ethanol concentration rau hauv lub tshuav tshuaj.

Kuv haus dej haus vodka khov

Thaum khov vodka, nws tam sim ntawd seb puas tsimnyog tau rau lo lus nug ntawm seb peb yuav haus nws. Raws, nws yog tsis txwv tsis pub, tab sis muaj ib co nuances.

Firstly, Yog hais tias vodka khov thaum uas tsis muaj kub, thiab nws muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov dej khov, ces feem ntau yuav, nws yog diluted thiab ua tsis tau rau lub technology. Noj cov khoom uas li no, peb tsis tau hais kom, txawm hais tias nws yog ua tau rau pov tawm cov dej khov thiab haus cov seem kua nyob rau hauv uas lub cawv muaj yuav ntau dua. Yav tas los peb siv no txoj kev ntawm purification ntawm vodka - cia kom khov, thaum cov dej yog khov, thiab tshuav sib tov yog tov thiab zoo dua.

Secondly, khov vodka yuav tsum tau qaug dej qaug cawv heev kom zoo zoo. Txaus txias, khov, nws yog xyaum tsis tsw thiab yog tsis muaj nyob rau hauv lub palate, thiab ntxiv txias receptors blunts. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem tau mus haus dej haus ntau heev, thiab ces sai sai thiab heev qaug cawv uas ua rau yus mus rau mob hnyav lom lom.

Yog li ntawd yog hais tias koj tsis yog ib tug nrog sib ntaus ntawm dej cawv, ces haus dej haus nws tsawg kawg yog lawm, yog li ntawd muaj yog tsis muaj tsis kaj siab txim.