VL10, tshem ciav hlau: duab, hauj lwm, chav tsev

VL10 - fais direct tam sim no ua nyob rau hauv lub USSR, npaj rau ob qho tib si freight thiab neeg caij tsheb. Nws twb ua nyob rau Tbilisi thiab cov Novocherkassk Electric Tshem ciav hlau tsob nroj los ntawm 1961 mus 1977 .. Lub npe "VL" hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau twb muaj npe tom qab Vladimir Lenin, thiab "10" subscript qhia nws hom. Txij li thaum lub nruab nrab-70s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo los ua lub ntsiab VL10 fais freight tsheb ciav hlau USSR. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog tus nrov tshaj plaws qauv nyob rau hauv nws cov chav kawm ntawv, thiab tau ua lub hauv paus rau yav tom ntej versions of VL11 thiab VL12. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb mam li saib cov ntaus ntawv VL10 hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau thiab nws cov keeb kwm.

prehistory

Electric qauv VL8 thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo 1970 tsis muaj lawm raws li cov puas tau nce xav tau ntawm cov railway kev lag luam nyob rau hauv lub USSR. Lawv tsis muaj zog xyaw (tag nrho cov 525 kW), nyuaj caij nplooj ntoos hlav ncua kev kawm ntawv, hnyav tsheb thauj khoom thiab heev nrov alarm.

Lub ob hlis ntuj 9, 1960 tau pom zoo los ntawm ib tug kev specification rau tsim ib tug tshiab fais tshem ciav hlau. Project designers tau tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb Bureau of Tbilisi hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau nroj tsuag. Qhov kawg ntawm 1960, peb tes num nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas los ntawm lub IPU. Qhuav ntawm cov thawj qauv timed mus rau lub 40th ntawm lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub socialist tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv Georgia. Nws yog lub sij hawm mus xav txog qhov ntaus ntawv tshem ciav hlau VL10.

txhua yam yog ib feem

Electric muaj ib tug ob-piece lub cev, txhua nqe lus uas yog raws rau ib tug khub ntawm bogies dvuhvostnyh los ntawm plaub sab pob pob qij txha. Lub thav duab lub cev ua hauj lwm pab mus rau kis traction thiab braking quab yuam. Nyob rau hauv txhua seem ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm hluav taws xob cav tov thiab hluav taws xob pab kiag li lawm tau ntsia. Los ntawm cov cab lub cev tau txais SA3 coupler, thiab cov siv seem ntawm ib tug TE2 hom coupling qhov siv.

Electric ntev:

1. Length - 32,04 m.
2. Lub qhov siab ntawm lub axis ntawm lub coupler lub taub hau rail - 1060 hli (ntxiv rau los yog rho tawm 20 mm, nyob ntawm seb nyob rau lub xeev ntawm lub band).
3. Log txoj kab uas hla - 1260 hli.
4. Tus me tshaj txoj siav voos kheej-kheej ntawm ib tug ceev ntawm 10 km / h - 125 m.

Ntsiab lus statistics flexure caij nplooj ntoos hlav ncua kev kawm ntawv yog 111 hli. 63 ntawm lawv lub caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau sab ntawm lub kauj caij nplooj ntoos hlav them nyiaj yug, thiab 48 - nyob rau kauj caij nplooj ntoos hlav springs pobtawb. Lub rub quab yuam los ntawm cov carriage rau lub cev ncej yog kis tau los ntawm cov pivot cov rooj sib txoos. Qag box tsheb thauj khoom nruab nrog cov menyuam bearings. Lub traction los yog braking dag zog yuam yog txhab khoom mus rau bogie ncej ntawm leashes nruab nrog roj hmab-hlau blocks.

Rau lub hom phiaj leveling oscillations thiab deeg ntawm lub cev nruab nrab ntawm cov bogie ncej thiab cov kev sib txhuam cov menyuam qag-thawv tau pom, thiab ntawm cov bogie ncej thiab lub tsheb lub cev - hydraulic dampers. Qauv VL10 hluav taws xob kuj implies protivorazgruzochnogo ntaus ntawv mus rau tiv thaiv lub paug ntawm chav los ntawm tus thawj log torque sawv.

fais fab nroj tsuag

Tam sim no los ntawm lub catenary Pantograph nqa los ntawm T-5M1, uas yog nyob rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm txhua tus ntawm ob tug seem. Hauv lub seem yog muab faib ua peb qhov chaw. Nws yog lub taub hau ntawm lub alarm. Qab nws yog ib lub IHC (High koob yees duab), uas yog fenced tawm los ntawm cov zaj mesh ntseej. Thaum lifting lub susceptor yog pneumatically tub nyob rau hauv lub kaw txoj hauj lwm. Lub cav chav tsev yog hluav taws xob tus Tsov tus tw.

Lub VVK nyob zoo tag nrho cov switching thiab kev tiv thaiv pab kiag li lawm Section: nres mus, reverser, contactors (linear, rheostat, thiab high-ceev shunt), relays thiab lwm yam tshem ciav hlau wheelslip.

Cov thawj thiab thib ob seem yog cov sib txawv ntawm cov high-voltage lag. Tus thawj seem yog nyob IHC BV-1 high-ceev Circuit Court breaker uas tiv thaiv lub traction motors, raws li zoo raws li tus tes hloov qhov seem ntau hom tebchaw. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ntawm lub IHC BV-2 tiv thaiv lub koom haum pab cov cav tov thiab tus tes hloov qhov txawv cov kev ceev ntawm lub cev muaj zog-kiv cua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv kev muaj yog ib co sib txawv nyob rau hauv khej. Piv txwv li, ib tug xov tooj cua chaw nres tsheb thiab cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv skorostomer nyob rau hauv tsuas yog ib feem ntawm VL10.

Electric yog nyob rau hauv lub cav chav tsev peb koom haum pab cov cav tov. Chief ntawm lawv - lub cev muaj zog-kiv cua. Lub tsev muaj ib tug high-voltage collector lub cev muaj zog, centrifugal kiv cua (IHC cools thiab traction motors) thiab cov collector ntawm lub generator (generates ib qhov tam sim no noj pab kiag li lawm rau teeb pom kev zoo thiab hluav taws xob Circuit Court ntawm 10). Xyaw kiv cua lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv ib tug tsawg ceev hom yog kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv series, thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev kub ceev hom - nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus.

Yuav ua kom lub tshuab yog txawm peem rau nrog compressed cua lub cev muaj zog-compressor. Nws muaj ib tug lub cev muaj zog zoo xws li cov lub cev muaj zog-kiv cua lub cev muaj zog thiab peb-lub tog raj kheej compressor CT-6. Compressed cua yog yuav tsum rau: tus nres system thiab lub tshem ciav hlau ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau raws li ib tug tag nrho, pnevmokontaktorov, thaiv cov hlab high-voltage chamber, wiper thiab ib lub tswb suab. Compressor fais nyiaj siv ua haujlwm kab 10 yog kev cob cog rua rau lub cev muaj zog ncaj qha tsis muaj tus reducer. Yog li ntawd, lub cav yuav tsis muaj kev dim pa ntawm nws tus kheej. Rau cov cua txias huab cua nkag los ntawm tus kiv cua-lub cev muaj zog.

Fais fab excitation windings ntawm traction motors nyob rau hauv lub regenerative braking tshwm sim los ntawm lub inverter muaj li ntawm cov high-voltage generator ntawm lub cav thiab lub collector. ib tug generator nyiaj pab ntau tshaj tam sim no yog 800 amperes. Nyob rau exciter ncej pov tseg revolutions relay uas keyboards tawm lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nce ceev. generator excitation yog muab los ntawm lub roj teeb los ntawm ib tug resistor. Lub zog ntawm tus nres xws kov tus neeg tsav tsheb yuav txo tau cov kuj ntawm lub resistor. Lub voltage generated los ntawm cov converter nce, raws li zoo raws li lub traction lub cev muaj zog voltage, thiab cov braking quab yuam.

Pub rau koj khiav lag luam cov hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 1200 meters saum toj no hiav txwv theem. Mus nqa tawm regenerative braking yog tau nyob rau hauv tag nrho peb lub tebchaw. Ua hauj lwm rau lub system kev kwv yees (ntau-unit telemechanical) los ua muaj nyob rau hauv 1983, nyob rau lub Modernization ntawm cov hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau.

Traction motors (nyob) Model TL-2 nrog ib tug axial txhawb-suspending hwj chim ntawm 650 kW muaj txhua. VL10 electric tsav nqa tawm nrog 6-core thiab 6-th ntxiv tug. Tej yam zoo li ntawm cov fais fab nroj tsuag, raws li cov caj qaum ntawm lub cav, ib tug ntaub thaiv npog kabmob lub armature ncej, ib tug txhuam tsev thiab ib tug me me iav, tau unified nrog nyob tshem ciav hlau VL60.

Fais fab circuitry zoo xws li cov nyob rau hauv cov qauv mus rau lub fais Circuit Court VL8, tso cai rau peb txoj kev txuas lub traction motors:

1. Zoo ib yam.
2. Series-thaum uas tig mus.
3. Parallel.

VL10U

Txij li thaum 1976, es tsis txhob ntawm VL10 qauv pib lawm nws weighted version, lub npe yog ntxiv mus rau lub Performance index "u". By txhim kho underfloor cargo load los ntawm log officers nyob ntsia tau ntau zog los ntawm 23 mus 25 nyhav ib toos. Yog li, lub fais log tau ntau traction nrog cov ntsia, uas nqa hnyav zog loads. Raws li tus neeg kho tshuab ib feem ntawm hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau, raws li zoo raws li nws yooj yim version, nws twb koom nrog cov qauv VL80 tsev neeg. Raws li rau lub cev, lub tsheb-sab, raws li zoo raws li yooj yim thiab pneumatic khoom, lawv tau koom nrog rau lub hauv paus variant VL10. Electric VL10U tua tus kab nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov 979 daim ntawv luam. Lub tshem ciav hlau yog tsim los ntawm lub Tbilisi tab sis kuj ua rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub Novocherkassk nroj tsuag. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias cov qauv no yog tseem sawv nyob rau hauv lub lineup TEVZ thiab ua rau txim. Lub ob locomotives VL10U tau muab nyob rau hauv 2005 los ntawm kev thov ntawm cov railway nyob rau hauv Azerbaijan.

VL10N

Tus qauv yog ib tug muaj nuj nqi tsis muaj hluav taws xob regenerative braking, uas ua tau rau Norilsk muaj kev tsheb ciav hlau, raws li qhia los ntawm lub Performance index "N" nyob rau hauv lub npe. Ua los ntawm cov Tbilisi ntawm 1984 thiab 1985. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, nws nqis los ntawm lub conveyor 10 locomotives. Yuav kom hnub lawv tau twb tau sau tawm.

VL10P

Nyob rau hauv 2001, lub Chelyabinsk cog ua hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau Modernization ntawm ib nqe lus ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob VL10-523 thiab VL10-1867, hloov siab los ntseeg lawv mus rau hauv ib-seem dvuhkabinnye VL10P locomotives rau hauling neeg nrog caij tsheb nqaj hlau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov qauv VL10P-523-1 seem cov thawj alarm ntawm lub hauv paus tshem ciav hlau VL10. Ib tug VL10P-Model 1867-1 tau txais tshiab cab siv nyob rau hauv versions VL10K. Ib tug ntawm cov qauv twb decommissioned nyob rau hauv 2012, thiab lub thib ob - ib xyoo tom qab.

VL10K

Nyob rau hauv 2010, Chelyabinsk hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau cog siv modernizing locomotives VL10. Cov kev hloov kev txhawj xeeb hauv tsev thiab ib lub hwj chim Circuit Court. Xws tsav tsheb tau hloov los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob traction tswj system tsim rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub telecontrol system ntawm ntau units. Thiab yuav hloov tau cov pab pawg neeg keyboards tuaj ib tug neeg contactors. Contactors ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov valve kev twb kev txuas nrog rau txoj kev hloov mus rau lub kev twb kev txuas ntawm traction motors VL10. Electric muaj lub sij hawm mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv 2, 3 thiab 4 seem, nrog ib tug saj zawg zog hloov nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas ntawm traction motors. Nrog hais txog tus neeg kho tshuab qhov chaw, cov nyiaj them yug uas tsav tsheb thiab traction xyaw, lawv tsis tau hloov.

Hu-hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau VL10 motrisa

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2010s tib Chelyabinsk tsob nroj siv kho kom zoo dua ib nqe lus VL10-777 tshem ciav hlau thiab ua rau nws elektromotrisu. engine chav khoom dismantled thiab vacated lub chaw rov equip lub neeg nrog caij compartment. Lub sab phab ntsa ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau teem lub dav qhov rais thiab qhov rooj twb tau tsiv mus rau lub tsheb ntawm tus tshem ciav hlau. Hauv lub seem nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tshiab qab nthab teeb rau illumination yog nyob, thiab nyob rau ib sab ntawm lub aisle teem ib lub rooj rau cov quav. Qhov thib ob seem ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau txuas ntxiv nws tshem ciav hlau zog. Tus qauv siv rau cov thauj ntawm lub South Urals Railway Guide. Nws muaj peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm ob leeg tus kheej thiab nrog ib tug trailer tsheb. Nyob rau hauv 2013, nyob rau hauv cov neeg nrog caij seem ntawm txoj cai thaum lub sij hawm lub ignition ntawm lub zog, nrog rau cov tshwm sim uas nws tau raug muab sau cia.

4E10

Li ntawd, kuv hu ua combi-section dvuhkabinny tshem ciav hlau uas Tbilisi Hoobkas ua seem ntawm lub tsheb-VL10 qauv rau cov Georgian Railway. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nruab nrab ntawm 2000 thiab 2008, 15 ntawm cov locomotives tau ua. Ntawm no, 14 ua qauv tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Georgia, ib tug txiav txim los ntawm lub Russians. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus yog Tso raws li ib tug freight hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau 4E10, nyob rau hauv Georgia nws yog feem ntau siv rau tsav lub neeg nrog caij tsheb nqaj hlau. Lub fact tias cov kev siv ntawm tej locomotives frees hnyav locomotives kev mus los rau freight u.

daim ntawv thov

Rau hnub tim, VL10 - lub ntsiab fais DC siv rau cargo tsheb thauj mus los rau lub CIS lub teb chaws. Zoo li ntau lwm freight locomotives, nws kuj yog siv rau kev tsav tsheb tus neeg nrog caij tsheb nqaj hlau. Yuav luag tag nrho cov qauv VL10 hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau xim nyob rau hauv ntsuab. Txawm li cas los, cov neeg nrog caij version yog tej zaum repainted nyob rau hauv cov xim ntawm cov khoom muaj npe u. Diam duab hluav taws xob VL10 yeej paub ntau yam, vim hais tias nws yog heev nyob rau hauv domestic railways. Los ntawm txoj kev, ib lub sij hawm seem VL10 txawm sim siv ib feem ntawm hluav taws xob commuter tsheb.

successor

Txij li thaum 1975 nws tau raug tom tso tawm tshem ciav hlau VL11, uas ua tau rau hauv lub hauv paus qauv VL10 thiab tau txais ib tug xov tooj ntawm zoo nta. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau tus tsim ntawm tus qauv tshiab no tsis yog lub txhaum ntawm steel tshem ciav hlau VL10 thiab nws obsolescence thiab cov banal tsis muaj hwj chim. Xub thawj, lub designers wanted cias kho ob-piece tshem ciav hlau ntawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv peb seem. Ces lawv tau sim rau equip lub yooj yim version VL10 tshiab fais fab nroj tsuag. Txawm li cas los, ob leeg xaiv tau futile, thiab Tbilisi fais tsob nroj teem los mus tsim ib tug tshiab tshem ciav hlau VL11, uas yuav ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug system ntawm ntau units. Los ntawm 1975 mus 2015, 1346 locomotives ntawm no series raug ua. Lawv tseem yuav muaj nyob rau ntau yam railway kab nyob rau hauv lub qub CIS. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tseem ua hauj lwm VL11 fais locomotives nrog cov neeg nrog caij tsheb nqaj hlau.

xaus

Thaum pom tias qhov kev piav qhia ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau VL10, peb yuav xaus uas nws yog yeej muaj kev vam meej peb tes num ntawm lub Soviet hluav taws xob tshem ciav hlau. Qhov no yog paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias mus hnub no tus qauv yog nyob rau hauv lub zos railways. Rau ntau tshaj tsib xyoo lawm ntawm lub lag luam thiab cov txij nkawm ntawm hluav taws xob locomotives VL10 lawv zoo li ntawd, tsim, hais tias lawv yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj hurry mus sau tawm lub zeem cia.