Vitebsk thaj av ntawd: sights, keeb kwm thiab nthuav tseeb

Vitebsk cheeb tsam yog ib feem ntawm Belarus. Nws thawj tswj centre yog lub nroog ntawm Vitebsk, nyob ze uas ntws tus dej Zapadnaya Dvina thiab Vitba.

lub sij hawm principalities

Nws yog assumed nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb Hnub Nyoog rau lub teb chaws ntawm Vitebsk cheeb tsam yuav nyob peb deb heev pog koob yawg koob. Txoj kev tshawb no pom tias qhov chaw ntawm txheej thaum ub cov neeg tau muab nce mus rau hais tias lawv yuav mus rau lub Bronze thiab muaj hnub nyoog hlau.

Nyob rau hauv lub "taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo" phab ntawv ntawm tus naas ej chronicle, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv 862, nws raug xa mus rau lub nqi zog ntawm Polotsk nyob rau hauv qhov chaw hnub no nyob rau hauv Vitebsk. Cov thawj heev Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm lub Feem ntau cov Ancient hwv unit nyob rau hauv thaj av ntawd yog tub huabtais Rogvolod, thiab lub luag hauj lwm muab rau tus thawj tswj centre ntawm Polotsk. Niaj hnub no Vitebsk cheeb tsam, lub sights uas peb piav qhia txog nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, nws zoo nkaus li, ntawm chav kawm, txawv heev.

Thaum lub lem ntawm lub XIII-XIV centuries, nws pib ib tug sai txheej txheem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov lag luam tawm thiab kab lis kev cai. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub XVI caug xyoo. ib ncig ntawm lub Orthodox monasteries thiab lub tuam tsev ntawm cov thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv qhib. Feem ntau, historians heev interesting Vitebsk cheeb tsam - tag nrho cov sights uas muaj nyob rau ntawm no, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau pom nyob rau hauv ib hnub.

Uas txij thaum lub XVI xyoo pua

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XVI caug xyoo. nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, nkag mus rau hauv lub dag lub zog Polish Kingdom, uas tom qab phiajcim nrog lub Grand Duchy ntawm Lithuania tsim lub Polish-Lithuanian tebchaws. Yeej hloov ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub XVII caug xyoo. thiab Vitebsk pawg neeg thaj av, nrog tag nrho lub txim. Lub hom hauj lwm ntawm lub Catholic txoj kev ntseeg, ntxiv dag zog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub Dominican koom txoos, lub tsev lag luam ntawm Jesuit College thiab Bernardine monastery thaj av. Los ntawm txoj kev, niaj hnub no lawv yog - lub ntsiab attractions ntawm lub Vitebsk cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv 1866, ib ceg railway los ntawm dav dawb hau rau Riga nrog rau ob tug capital lub zos ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, raws li tau zoo raws li Kiev thiab Brest, muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Vitebsk. Thiab los ntawm xyoo 1914, Vitebsk - ib tug lossis loj cheeb tsam ntawm lub nroog nrog ib tug zoo-tsim kev lag luam. Ua ntej tus kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917 nyob rau hauv ntau yam muaj qhauj ntawm lub nroog tau ua hauj lwm rau yuav luag 8% ntawm cov 109.000 cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv nws.

Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm ib hlis ntuj rau lub Plaub Hlis 1919 Poland coj kom zoo dua ntawm lub civil tsov rog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, tau tog mus rau hauv oblivion, lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman, thiab nyob tau ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm Belarus ua ke nrog cov tam sim no capital ntawm Minsk. Txawm li cas los, Vitebsk xeev nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Russia.

Niaj hnub nimno Vitebsk cheeb tsam

Vitebsk Oblast Kawm ntog nyob rau hauv lub nruab nrab Lub ib hlis ntuj 1938 A Lub Xya hli ntuj 11, 1941 nyob rau hauv lub Vitebsk muaj German cov tub rog txoj kev. Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog xyoo lub Germans yuav luag lig kev puas tsuaj loj zos.

Niaj hnub nimno Vitebsk thaj av ntawd yog nto moo rau nws cov high theem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam thiab ua liaj ua teb. Lub zos txoj cai txhawb music festivals, pib thiab lwm yam kev xwm txheej. Nrog rau cov npe ntawm lub regional center yog kev cob cog rua lub npe nrov "Slavic Bazaar". Yog li ntawd Vitebsk cheeb tsam, lub sights uas peb xav, tej zaum nws yuav xyuam xim raug xam tias yog thiab kev cai chaw ntawm lub teb chaws.

Ib co nthuav cov lus tseeb muaj feem rau qhov Vitebsk Oblast

Tus me tshaj lub zos ntawm qhov chaw yog Disna, uas yog nyob rau ntawm tus dej ntawm lub tib lub npe. Los ntawm 1921 mus 1939 lub nroog mas suav hais tias ib feem ntawm teb chaws Poland. Thiab txij li thaum 1959 nws acquires nws tam sim no raws li txoj cai - Disna (Vitebsk cheeb tsam). Attractions nws yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Tourists yuav tsum mus ntsib nyob ntawm no:

• lub tsev kho mob (pib XX nyob rau hauv.) - ruins;
• Site of ancient tsev fuabtais (XVI-XVII centuries.);
• qub txeeg qub tes "Doroshkovichi";
• Kev Sawv Rov Los Koom Txoos.

Ob peb cov neeg paub tias lub hauv paus ntawm cov zajlus tshiab A. S. Pushkina "Dubrovsky" tau txais kev pab raws li cov kev tshwm sim uas coj qhov chaw tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv tib Vitebsk. Lub tswv yim ntawm tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj lug twb inspired los ntawm nws tus zoo phooj ywg Naschokinym P. V. Vitebsk Pushkin twb thaum twg, nyob rau hauv 1823, yog hais mus rau lub 13-lub hlis kev siv rau Odessa. Thiab ib co ntawm cov sights ntawm Vitebsk cheeb tsam yog devoted mus rau qhov kev tshwm sim.

Nws yog zoo dua lub npe hu, los ntawm Paris pib mus thoob plaws teb chaws Europe, Renaissance, Renaissance. Ib tug Vitebsk, mezhdk txoj kev, lub title belongs rau lub thib ob capital ntawm cov kos duab taw qhia. Tu siab, qhov no tseeb, ob peb tau hnov.

Niaj hnub no Vitebsk yuav tau zoo siab rau ntawm lub loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov keeb kwm thiab kev cai tus nqi. Muaj 219 monuments, yim hais txog cov keeb kwm thiab rau - mus archeology. Yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv qub vaj tse Vitebsk cheeb tsam. Sightseeing yuav ua tau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm saib, mloog nthuav dab neeg ntawm cov neeg hauv zos thiab ntawm cov.

Koj cov personalities ntawm Vitebsk cheeb tsam

Vitebsk yug thiab tsa Mark Shagal. nws siv nws thaum yau xyoo nyob rau hauv Pokrovskaya txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev nyob qhov twg lub tsev neeg nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov neeg pleev kob ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej, tam sim no yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej. Tag nrho cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub tsev, uas yuav tsum tau ua li cas rau creativity Chagall, yog tam sim no tshaaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej raws li teev cia.

Raws li archival cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv 1896 ib tug Frenchman Fernand Guillen rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub xaus daim ntawv cog lus nrog lub nroog tsoom fwv, undertook rau tsim ib tug txoj kev rau cov hluav taws xob trams. Vim li no cov fact ob xyoos tom qab, lub nroog twb cruised txawv txawv daim ntawv ntawm pej xeem thauj. Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm preserves lub cim xeeb ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb kev tshwm sim - tus thawj tram, uas yog suav hais tias yog kev txaus siab ntawm Vitebsk.

Nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj 1895 ib tug neeg nyob ntawm Vitebsk Drevnitskoy OM yog tau ntse tsaws ib tug kaus poob los, yog li ntawd nws los ua nto moo, ua tus thawj poj niam parachutist.

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 80-ies ntawm XIX caug xyoo. Vitebsk yees duab Sigizmundu Yurkovskomu tuaj nrog ib tug ci ntsa iab lub tswv yim - mus equip ib tug instant koob yees duab shutter. Qhov no yog tiag tiag ib tug kiv puag ncig nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm cov duab.

Nthuav lus tseeb wartime

Tsov rog nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Vitebsk cheeb tsam thiab indelible cim. Yog li ntawd, 3 lub hlis Vitebsk yog nyob rau hauv Napoleon tus pab tub rog nyob tsam thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812 xeev Palace, uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog nyob rau hauv lub Assumption Hill, Napoleon xaiv mus rau qhov chaw ua tub rog lub tsev hauv paus. Nyob rau hauv no Belarusian nroog ntawm lub Fabkis huab tais Lub yim hli ntuj 3 yuav tsum tau noj peb caug nws tom ntej no lub hnub yug.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog rau Vitebsk yog ib tug ntawm cov toughest. Yuav luag tag nrho cov tsev no puas (93%) thiab 167 txhiab pej xeem ntawm cov ciaj sia taus tsuas yog 118. Txawm li cas los, tom qab lub yeej ntawm lub Nazi invaders pib mus tsim kho lub nroog.

Tub rog monuments uas nto moo Vitsebsk cheeb tsam - lub sights, uas tsis tau tawm rau leej twg tsis muaj ab tsi.

Los sis Repina Tsev khaws puav pheej thiab lub Hagia Sophia

Nyob rau ntawm 16 km ntawm Vitebsk yog ib tug tsev cia puav pheej-qub txeeg qub tes los sis Repina "Zdravnevo". Kom txog rau thaum 1892 lub manor hu ua Sofievka. Nws yuav cov artist peredvzhnik rau cov nyiaj tau txais tom qab cov muag khoom ntawm tus huab tais Alexander III tus naas ej painting, uas depicts ib tug scene muab tso ua ke Zaporozhye Cossacks sau ib lo lus teb mus rau lub Turkish sultan. Nyob rau hauv no manor Ilya Repin twb tshwm sim los ua ntau tshaj li 40 ntawm nws masterpieces, xws li "Thaum hlis", "Caij nplooj zeeg pob paj", "hnub" thiab lwm tus neeg.

Thiab raws avenue ntawm txiv qaub ntoo, uas muab tso rau cov artist, tseem muaj lub sij hawm mus taug kev lub qub txeeg qub qhua.

Polotsk sab nraum lub tsev fuabtais yog St. Sophia Cathedral (Sophia los yog tus Vaj Txawj Ntse), kev tiv thaiv los ntawm UNESCO. Nws belongs rau qhov ntxov tshaj plaws lub tuam tsev ntawm Orthodoxy, thaum Belarus yog pom tias yuav ua tau tus thawj lub tuam tsev ua ntawm pob zeb. Kwv yees li nyob rau hauv XI. Vseslav Wizard qhia los tsim kom tau ib lub tuam tsev, symbolizing lub hwj chim ntawm Polotsk. Cov tsab tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug senior khub ntawm lub capital ntawm cov Byzantine Empire.

City sib sib zog nqus thiab lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Lepel

Ib tug zoo nkauj lub nroog sib sib zog nqus (Vitebsk cheeb tsam) nyob 187 km ntawm Vitebsk. Attractions ntawm lub cheeb tsam yuav rov hais dua rau cov neeg uas txaus li qub vaj tse:

• Zeb (1911);
• Carmelite Monastery (XVII-XIX c.);
• Cathedral ntawm cov Nativity ntawm lub Blessed nkauj xwb niam mab liab (1639-1654 g);
• St. Trinity Koom Txoos (1628).

Txawm yog hauv lub nroog muaj tsib pas dej. Tourists yuav tsum mus ntsib thiab Gluboksky keeb kwm thiab ethnographic tsev cia puav pheej.

Thiab connoisseurs ntawm lub tuam tsev tau saib attractions Lepel (Vitebsk cheeb tsam)

• Chapel ntawm St. George (1900);
• Chapel-nadmogile (XIX nyob rau hauv.);
• Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Paraskeva (1841-1844 g);
• Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Casimir (1857-1876 g).

Qhov no lub zos yog nyob rau ntawm lub Vitebsk ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 110 km. Tus struts yog sai tsim - yog tag nrho cov tsev tshiab no los ua, cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab kindergartens.

Stunning ntuj scenery

Republican toj roob hauv pes cia "Yelnya", nyob rau hauv lub Miory cheeb tsam, nto moo rau ancient glacial cov pas dej thiab bogs, nyob rau hauv lub contemplation ntawm uas tus neeg mus ncig tebchaws yog breathtaking. Lub hiob (nws tsis yog tsawg tshaj li 9000 xyoo) hav iav hu ua "Yelnya" yog 20 txhiab. Hectares.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg tsiaj no nyob rau hauv loj tus xov tooj gray cranes thiab cov os. Local qhov chaw yog nplua nuj heev nyob rau hauv cranberries. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog li ntawd nrov hais tias nyob rau hauv nws yawm txhua txhua xyoo twb muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb ecological Success.

Ntawm no yog ib daim ntawv teev qhov zoo tshaj plaws attractions nyob rau hauv lub Vitebsk cheeb tsam, uas yuav tsum tau saib tau txhua txhua neeg mus ncig tebchaws uas tau mus xyuas Belarus:

1. Holy Assumption Cathedral (Vitebsk).
2. Hagia Sophia (Polotsk).
3. Hall (Vitebsk).
4. Belarusian typography (Polotsk) Tsev khaws puav pheej.
5. Monument rau cov heroes ntawm lub Patriotic ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1812 (Polotsk).
6. Pushkinsky choj (Vitebsk).
7. Peter lub tsev kuv (Polack).
8. Cathedral ntawm cov Nativity ntawm lub Blessed nkauj xwb niam mab liab (Sib sib zog nqus).
9. Tsoos Culture Tsev khaws puav pheej (Braslav).
10. Lub memorial complex "Rylenki".

Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus daim ntawv teev cov dab tsi yog tsim nyog ntawm cov xim ntawm txhua txhua neeg mus ncig tebchaws.