Vacuole - qhov no ... muaj nuj nqi ntawm cell vacuoles

Niaj hnub no peb yuav tham txog dab tsi yog qhov vacuole. Qhov no yog lwm tivthaiv ntawm lub cell, ie organelles. Organelles los yog organelle - nws hais tias ua li tus hlwb, lub yav tas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua yam uas nyob ib ncig peb.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub ntiaj teb no yog tsis zoo li cas no mas, thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Nws yuav tsum tos ib tug tshuab kuaj kab mob, thiab peb lub ntiaj teb yuav hloov npaum li cas. Tus thawj acquaintance nrog qhov ntsuas tshwm sim tseem nyob rau hauv high school. Cov xib fwb yuav tsum tau muab ib tug qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm kev siv ntawm lub tshuab nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim kom tsis txhob muaj tsis kaj siab tshwm sim nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug fascinating txoj hauj lwm. Tom qab ib tug luv luv digression qhia rau koj tias yog lub vacuole. Qhov no yog peb lub ntsiab qhov teeb meem.

vacuole

Peb pib nrog ib tug txhais seem. Vacuole - qhov no organelle (odnomembranny). Nws muaj peev xwm yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv eukaryotic hlwb. Tam sim ntawd ua kom paub ib tug me ntsis piav: lub eukaryotes - ib tug cell uas muaj cov tub ntxhais. Cov yav tas yog cais los ntawm lub cytoplasm los ntawm ib tug muab ob npaug rau daim nyias nyias. Tus nqi ntawm cov noob pob kws loj, hais tias nws muaj cov DNA molecule.

Yog li ntawd vacuole - qhov no organelle muaj peev xwm ntawm kev ua tau zoo muaj ntau yam sib txawv zog (uas peb hais tias ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej). Yuav ua li cas cov organelles raug tsim? Lawv xeeb los ntawm provakuoley, raws li lawv yuav tshwm sim rau peb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim nyias nyias hlwv.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias dab tsi thiab koj tau tag nrho cov vacuoles muab faib ua ob pawg:

• digestive;
• pulsating.

Tej zaum pulsating vacuoles hu ua contractile. Lawv pab tshem tawm lwj cov khoom. Yuav ua li cas lwm tus li no vacuole zog, peb yuav xav txog rau yav tom ntej.

Nyob rau hauv cog hlwb, vacuoles nyob ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm cov volume, tej zaum lawv hauj lwm ua ke rau hauv ib tug loj organelle, uas deb tshaj qhov ntev ntawm qhov dog dig.

Tag nrho cov vacuole membrane yog txwv, nws yog hu ua - tonoplast. Hauv peb yuav nrhiav tau tus xovtooj ntawm kua ntoo. Cov yav tas muaj cov nram qab no Cheebtsam:

• dej;
• monosaccharides;
• disaccharides;
• tannins;
• carbohydrates;
• nitrates;
• phosphates;
• chlorides;
• organic acids thiab lwm yam.

zog

Tam sim no peb muaj faib lub yooj yim zog yog los ntawm peb organelles. Vacuole, uas peb tam sim no sau lub zog muaj peev xwm coj cov cell chaw ntawm 5 mus rau 90 feem pua. Muab nws nyob rau qhov twg no organelle yog.

Nrog kev xav txog cov hom hlwb nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag muaj ntau ntau, thiab cov tsiaj muaj lub sij hawm organelles. Peb twb hais tias, nyob ntawm seb qhov chaw ntawm lub vacuole yuav ua tau ntau yam zog. Tab sis peb single tawm ob lub ntsiab li no:

• kev sib raug zoo organelles;
• thauj muaj nuj nqi.

cog ntawm tes

Peb tam sim no tsiv mus rau ib tug ntau tshawb kom ntxaws txog organelles nyob rau hauv cog hlwb. Cell vacuole - qhov no yog nws cov ntsiab tivthaiv. Wb sau yog vim li cas:

• vacuole absorbs dej;
• Nws tshem tawm teeb meem tshuaj;
• nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub vacuoles tsim ib tug ntais kua ntoo;
• muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm splitting lub qub organelles;
• khaws cov as-ham.

Raws li koj tau pom, cov organelles lub luag hauj lwm yog zoo kawg thiab tiag. Peb hais tias lawv yuav tau mus ua txhaum down lub qub organelles, piv txwv li ua cov kev ua ntawm lysosomes. Li no, lub vacuole yuav muaj cov enzymes uas yuav tsum tau rau lub hydrolysis ntawm cov hauv qab no yam:

• proteins;
• roj;
• carbohydrates;
• nucleic acids;
• phytohormones;
• volatile qhuav, thiab hais txog.

Lawv kuj muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov nroj tsuag tab sis kuj rau lwm cov kab mob no.

zooblast

Vacuoles muaj nyob rau ntawm:

• dej tsis qab ntsev protozoa ;
• multicellular invertebrates.

Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv peb yuav tau raws li lub contractile vacuole pab tswv xeev. Hais tias yog, lawv muaj peev xwm ntawm absorbing thiab tso cov dej. Qhov thib ob pab pawg neeg peb yuav nqa ntau cov kab mob, xws li:

• lub paj rwb
• coelenterates;
• ciliated cua nab;
• shellfish.

Nyob rau hauv cov kab mob rau digestive vacuoles, uas muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm intracellular digestion. Cov yav tas yuav tsum tsim nyob rau hauv ntau dua tsiaj, tab sis tsuas nyob rau hauv tej yam hlwb (phagocytes).