Tuberculin - dab tsi yog qhov no?

Raws li nyob rau hauv hnub no tus nyuaj puag ncig kom lawv lub cev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov theem? Tom qab tag nrho, kiag li sawv daws xav zoo zoo txog lawv tus kheej thiab tsis tso cai rau cov kab mob ua txhaum lub niaj zaus lub neej. Ua li no, cov me nyuam los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob nyob rau hauv kev cia siab hais tias nws yuav tiv thaiv tau yav tom ntej kab mob los yog tsawg kawg pab txhawb nws khiav. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav tsis tham txog cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm tej kev tiv thaiv, tab sis xyuam xim rau cov cuab yeej uas pab tshawb nrhiav txaus ntshai kis kab mob nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ua sawv. Tebchaws kab mob nyob rau hauv cov theem pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo rau lub neej thiab los xyuas kom meej tag nrho rov qab. Ib tug ntawm cov tshuaj yog "tuberculin". Yuav ua li cas yog hais tias? Yuav ua li cas nrog cov txhais tau tias yuav tsum tau siv? Seb nws yog txaus ntshai rau siv rau cov me nyuam thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas? Nyob rau hauv dab tsi mob yuav tsum tso tseg rau daim ntawv thov ntawm cov tshuaj no? Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Cov tshuaj "Tuberculin": muaj pes tsawg leeg

Inherently xam tau tias yog tshuaj yog ib tug mix filtrates tej Mycobacterium tuberculosis uas tau raug tua siv thaum tshav kub kub thiab precipitated nrog trichloroacetic acid. Cov kab mob no yog ua tib zoo kho nrog ethyl cawv thiab ether, uas yog siv rau tshuaj loog, thiab ces yaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuaj. Cov yav tas yog ib tug sib tov ntawm ntsev buffered saline, Tween-80 (zoo stabilizer) thiab phenol (zoo preservative). Tsis tas li ntawd siv "Tuberculin" homeopathy. Txawm li cas los, ua ntej peb tsiv mus nyob rau qhov no zoo ntawm kev kho mob, koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov tham nrog ib tug kws kho mob.

tso tawm daim ntawv

Kev npaj "tuberculin" yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj rau cov kev txhaj tshuaj. Qhov no yog qhia ceev tshaj txiav txim txhais tau tias.

packing

Qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv "Tuberculin" yuav tsum tau tso tawm heev dua lwm yam nyob rau hauv kaw ntim ntawm ib feem kaum ntawm ib tug milliliter (los yog ob tubekrulinovye units) ib milliliter (kaum koob tshuaj), ob tug milliliters (nees nkaum koob tshuaj) los yog peb milliliters (peb caug koob tshuaj). Txhua pob muaj kaum cais vials.

indications

Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, ib tug lim "Tuberculin"? Nws yog feem ntau yog siv rau tuberculin (rau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov pejxeem). Qhov no yog ua nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav:

• xaiv pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg mob uas pheej rov qab ua xav koob tshuaj BCG txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv yog yuav tsum tau;
• ob lub hlis mus rau cov me nyuam npaj rau thawj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv;
• rau paub qhov xub ntiag ntawm Mycobacterium tuberculosis kab mob;
• kom paub tias cov thawj (los yog hauv zos) ntaub ntawv ntawm tuberculosis nyob rau hauv cov menyuam hluas.

dosing

Cov neeg npaj "tuberculin" phau ntawv qhia xav intradermally muab thiaj tau tuaj nrog ib tug saib kom qhov chaw kawm lub Mantoux xeem. Yuav kom txhaj xwb tsim nyog yog hais tias tus neeg mob yog zaum, raws li nws tej zaum yuav ua rau tsaus muag nyob rau hauv kev xav labile cov neeg. Rau cov kev taw qhia txog txoj kev "Tuberculin" qhia xav kom tsuas tau txais tshwj xeeb koob txhaj tshuaj (odnogrammovye). Lawv yog cov uas nrog luv luv nyias koob. Tsis haum rau cov txhaj tshuaj insulin koob txhaj tshuaj los yog cov ntaub ntawv, lub txee lub neej ntawm cov uas tau tso cai.

Raj mis ntawm medicament yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo so nrog gauze, uas yog kom huv si impregnated semidesyatigradusnym ethanol. Tom qab ntawd, ntshiab hniav tsim rau kev qhib lub khob ampoules rasp caj dab ntawm lub ampoule thiab ces lov tawm. Siv cov koob txhaj yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub minyuam lam fwj tshuaj medicament dialing ob koob tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv (i.e., ob-kaum ntawm ib tug milliliter). Tom qab no nws yog tsim nyog los muab cog ib tug nyias rab koob thiab tso cov dialed ib nrab ntawm cov nqi ntawm cov kua nyob rau hauv ib tug menyuam tsis taus paj rwb kua ntswg. Unsealed vial twb txwv tsis pub khaws cov ntau tshaj ob teev.

Ua ntej qhov kev siv ntawm qhov tsim nyog txhaj tshuaj, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ntxuav ntawm daim tawv nqaij semidesyatigradusnym ethyl cawv, thiab ces nws tau kom huv si qhuav nrog ib tug menyuam tsis taus paj rwb ntaub plaub. Lub koob yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo nkag mus rau thaum uas tig mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij saum npoo av. Muab nruj me ntsis los ntawm koob txhaj sib cais ib koob tshuaj, uas yog ob tug tuberculin units (los yog ib feem kaum ntawm ib tug milliliter).

Yog lwm pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg mob uas yuav tsum tau los saib xyuas lub tshuaj "Tuberculin" - nyuj (bovine lub sij hawm). Tus tsiaj yuav tsum tau muab intradermally nrog 0.2 cubic centimeters los yog 0.1 nyhav centimeter palpebral medicament.

Yuav ua li cas mus dab tsi rau cov kev tshwm sim?

Yuav ua li cas rau kev tsom xam cov kev tshwm sim ntawm tus mob nrog "Tuberculin" tshuaj? Phau Ntawv Qhia xav kom mus thov rau nws tus kws txawj, txij li thaum xwb ib tug competent kho mob yuav tsum tau ua nws txoj kev. Tau yuav tsum soj ntsuam tom qab xya caum-ob teev tom qab txhaj tshuaj ntawm papules ntsuas qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov uas yog lees paub rau hauv millimeters (tsim tam sim ntawd tom qab cov kev taw qhia ntawm "tuberculin" npaj). Daim ntawv no yog nqa tawm los ntawm qhia tshwj xeeb uas tsim rau no kab.

Thaum nrug muaj feem luj lub Mantoux xeem tau yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov nram qab no cais. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog pom tias tsis zoo yog hais tias tus papule tsis tsim nyob rau hauv tus; questionable - yog hais tias muaj yog infiltration, qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov uas sib txawv los ntawm ob mus rau plaub millimeters. Yog hais tias lub papule loj yog loj dua rau millimeters, qhov tshwm sim yog suav tias yog zoo, thiab yog hais tias nws tshaj kaum xya millimeters ib tug me nyuam los yog tus hluas thiab nees-nkaum ib millimeter neeg laus - hyperergic.

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm tshuaj

Qhov no tus nqi nyob tsuas yog nyob rau yuav ua li cas hauv lub cev yog tau ib lub zuj zus teb mus rau lub stimulus. Tej zaum cov neeg mob uas muaj zog rhiab heev rau qhov kev kawm tshuaj yuav ua tau tsis kaj siab tshua xws li lymphangitis thiab lymphadenitis. Lwm yam kev phiv tshuaj yog mob taub hau, kev malaise, ib tug tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv kub.

Ib txhia neeg (eg, cov me nyuam nrog zoo tuberculin cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas tsis tau ua nrog koob tshuaj BCG lawm thiab noj qab nyob zoo neeg laus, uas nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus rau lub kab mob TB yog zoo los yog doubtful) tej tiv thaiv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tej zaum yuav nqa tawm tsuas yog tom qab ib tug competent kev luj xyuas ntawm tus Mantoux kev xeem.

"Tuberculin" - yog cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ib feem ntawm qhov mob.

Contraindications

Txawm li cas los, tsis yog txhua txhua yog pub dawb rau siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug. Yog li ntawd, muaj tej kev txwv rau kev txais neeg kawm ntawm cov tshuaj "Tuberculin". Cov lus qhia rau kev siv txwv tsis pub siv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov nram no mob: nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm qaug dab peg, mob hawb pob, daim tawv nqaij cov kab mob, idiosyncrasies, mob rheumatic fever, mob los yog mob tus kab mob, los yog cov kab mob uas (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm exacerbation).

Tsuas yog ib lub hlis tom qab cov tsos mob ploj tag nrho cov saum toj no tej yam kev mob, koj muaj peev xwm muab Mantoux xeem. Los yog nws yuav tsum tau ua tom qab lub formal tshem tawm ntawm lub cais tawm.

Nws yog txwv tsis pub muab tso rau lub Mantoux cov me nyuam yog hais tias lawv pab neeg no muaj ib tug kev cais tawm ntawm tej yam kab mob.

Tej kev tiv thaiv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tej yam nyob rau hauv cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm "Tuberculin". Diagnostics nrog yeeb tshuaj yuav tsum tau ua tog twg los no hom ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv, los yog ib lub hlis.

Ua ntej koj yuav nqa tawm lub tuberculin xeem, cov kws muaj txuj yuav tsum xyuas tus neeg mob thiab xam phaj lawv los mus taw qhia contraindications. Qhov no yuav pab tsis txhob ib tug ntau ntawm tsis kaj siab txim.

tshwm sim

Siv cov saum toj no cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav yooj yim rau to taub raws li nram no teeb meem. "Tuberculin" - dab tsi yog hais tias? Yuav ua li cas kuv yuav tsum tau siv nws? Nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub, nws yuav txawj ntse yuav tsum tsis txhob siv ntawm cov nyiaj? Yuav ua li cas nqa tawm no zoo ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj? Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tseem ceeb rau cov neeg uas qhia siv cov tshuaj "Tuberculin". Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los ua tib zoo ua raws li tag nrho cov tswv yim pom zoo, uas muab cov kws txawj kom lawv cov neeg mob, tsis ua phem rau koj tus kheej los yog koj tus me nyuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no zoo ntawm manipulation yuav tsum tau nqa tawm heev dua lwm yam los ntawm kev kawm txawj noj qab haus huv cov tub txawg. Raws li tag nrho cov khoom yuav xyuas kom meej txoj kev vam meej ntawm txoj kev ua no.

Ntawm lwm yam, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb yuav tau nco ntsoov rau hauv lub dav txheej txheem rau qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev siv. Piv txwv li, lub grafting ntawm ib tug me nyuam los yog ib tug neeg laus, uas nws lub cev yog tam sim no tsis muaj zog txaus los ntawm tej yam kab mob los yog leej twg raug kev txom nyem ib tug zoo li tus kab mob ntev los no, muaj peev xwm ua rau disastrous txim (lub cev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mus xws li ib txhaj yuav ua tau heev heev thiab yuav tsum tau kev kho mob). Yog hais tias koj muaj tej yam mob tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom sai li sai tau nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb.

Xaiv high-zoo kev kho mob rau lawv tus kheej thiab lawv tsev neeg. Diagnostics muaj hnub xam tau tias yog cov tshuaj "Tuberculin" yuav yog ib feem ntawm tej kev zoo txoj kev kho uas yuav pab kom muaj zoo lub cev mob. Tsis txhob tsis saib tsis xyuas koj tus kheej thiab noj qab nyob zoo!