Tso Tsheb Hlau Luam ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, American. Yuav ua li cas muaj lub tso tsheb hlau luam thiab dab tsi lawv zoo li tam sim no?

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov Brunt ntawm cov poob siab troops ntawm lub Wehrmacht coj tshaj lub Red Army thiab lub Soviet cov neeg, cov US phoojywg tseem muaj kev tswj los mus ua ib co sib ntaus sib tua. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, rau lawv hais tias ua tsov rog (yog li ntawd tsis hais lus qhov tseeb blockbusters) yog tsim tsuas yog nyob rau Pacific cheeb tsam.

Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, lub Japanese lov kuj thiab loj nyiaj ntsuab nrog rau cov txais-Nyoog Cog Khiab Tsev pab lawv tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog. American tsheb tsis raws li paub zoo tias, tab sis ib txhia ntawm lawv twb txawv kev kawm zoo.

teeb tso tsheb hlau luam

Muab hais tias lub legendary engineer Christie li lub sij hawm yog ib tug American, nws yuav tsis tsimnyog abundance ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States. Muaj plaub, tsis suav ib tug dlej nqi ntawm ntau yam ntawm kev hloov kho.

M3 "Stuart"

Cov American teeb tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1940, thiab yog siv raws li ib lub hauv paus "cavalry" M1 thiab M2A4 teeb tank. Lub layout yog ib tug classic: MTO twb nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ntawm cov chassis, cov neeg coob compartment thiab ntawm lwm yam uas twb nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tshuab, cov uas cov menyuam tsis muaj tsev nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntswg.

Lub chassis siv cov raug American daws nyob rau lub sij hawm: plaub me me ntxaib chais rau txhua sab, raws li zoo raws li kauj log, siv tam nrog haib springs. Lub nkoj thiab turret tau ua los ntawm zoo tib yam daim ntawv ntawm tej cuab yeej los ntawm vuam thiab riveting. Riam phom - tsib "Browning" ntawm 7,62 hli thiab 37 hli caliber cannon.

Nws kawg kev hloov kho M3A3, twb tso tawm nyob rau hauv 1942. Es tsis txhob tsib tshuab phom sab laug tsuas yog peb. Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm tus qauv siv mas welding, armor los xij tau txheej txheem nrog ib tug muaj kuab nqes hav. Nws yog suav hais tias yog feem ntau teeb tank nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cia li ib tug ob peb xyoos twb tso tawm yuav luag 24 txhiab lub tsheb. Ib tug ntau ntawm "Stuart" twb tauj mus rau lub USSR nyob rau hauv txais-tsev. Nyob rau hauv ib co South American lub teb chaws, "oldies" yuav tau pom nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab muaj cai mus txog rau hauv lub 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.

M5 "Stewart"

Nws yog ib tug ntxiv kev loj hlob ntawm lub tswv yim embodied nyob rau hauv ntau M3A3. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, qhov no American ceg ntawm tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv kev yog heev uas zoo sib xws, raws li engineers sim siv xwb pov thawj tshuaj (loj ntau lawm). Nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab yog tseem tib 37 hli phom thiab peb "Browning" ntawm 7,62 hli. Thaum lub sij hawm no rab phom twb nruab nrog ib tug stabilizer txoj kab ntawm pom.

Tank fundamentally sib txawv ntawm cov precursor ntawm ib tug tshiab fais fab nroj tsuag, muab ob V-zoo li tus petrol xyaw nrog kua cua txias, ib tug radically tshiab nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nkoj thiab turret, raws li zoo li tshiab ua tswj pab kiag li lawm.

M22 "Locust"

Nyob rau hauv 1944, nyob rau hauv view ntawm lub ceev Plav kev sib cais nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej armor twb tsim thiab txais yuav los ntawm lub M22 "Locust". Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, lub US teeb tso tsheb hlau luam differed me ntsis los ntawm cov M3. Lub layout tau yuav kiag li zoo tib yam, kis tau tus mob, kauj tsav thiab cov tsav chais yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev sib cais ntawm cov neeg coob - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, thiab lub xyaw tau nyob hauv lub tsheb.

Nws twb tag reconsidered tsuas powerplant tsim, raws li nws tau siv ib tug rau-lub tog raj kheej petrol engine, uas muaj ib tug twist kab rov tav lub tog raj kheej arrangement. Nws yog tau tso cai los mus ua kom tag nrho cov tank yog me npaum li cas, kom txhob muaj nws silhouette thiab zuag qhia tag nrho dimensions. Cov phom tseem nyob zoo li qub. Lub chaw thiab tsim ntawm chais tau pub los ntawm cov M3. Tsuas yog idlers tau ua ntau loj heev, ua khub nrog ntau dua-zoo springs.

M24 "Chaffee"

Cov American tso tsheb hlau luam ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog II pib yuav tsum tau muab nyob rau hauv 1944. Nyob rau hauv view ntawm lub rethinking ntawm lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam tau siv feem ntau raws li ib tug reconnaissance thiab tsaws. Lawv muaj ib tug ntau ntawm qhov chaw thiab cheebtsam uas M3 thiab M5 (hydraulic clutch thiab gearbox raug coj kiag li), tab sis nyob rau hauv nws daim ntawv thiab riam phom dramatically sib txawv los ntawm tag nrho nws cov predecessors. Lub nkoj thiab turret tau ua heev dua lwm yam welded yam. armor los xij cov txheej txheem ntawm cov ces kaum raws li tsawg li sai tau.

Nyob rau hauv lub sab sauv pem hauv ntej thiab lub siab tawv tau ua loj heev hatches mus ua lub neej yooj yim dua kho qhov chaw. Lub sij hawm no twb yog siv rau tsib officers ntawm chais thiab tus neeg raug tshem tawm Torsion hom. Lub ntsiab ntsuas cov haib 75 hli phom. Txij li thaum nws tau paired 7.62-hli tshuab rab phom Browning. Lwm zoo xws li cov tshuab rab phom twb mounted nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ib feem ntawm lub tank. Lub-ru tsev twb xub mounted 12.7 hli antiaircraft tshuab rab phom Browning M2NV. Rau cov firing ntawm cov phom yog pes tsawg, siv hydraulic stabilizer system hom "Westinghouse".

Medium tso tsheb hlau luam

Lawv ntau txhim khu kev qha, zoo armored tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog. American tsheb nyob rau hauv pawg no tau ua ib tug lub npe vim yog "Sherman", uas yog kev hlub thiab peb cov tub rog. Yuav ua li cas mus nrhiav tau cov qub tub rog uas tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv Union txheej txheem, nws yog tus T-34 nyob rau hauv lub deluxe version. Txawm li cas los, ua ntej tej yam uas ua ntej.

M3 "Grant"

Tus thawj nruab nrab tank, qhov loj nkag mus rau hauv qhov kev pab. Feem ntau M3 "Grant" yog tsis meej pem nrog lub M3 "Stuart". Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus American tso tsheb hlau luam (tus yees duab yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv) xa mus rau txawv kiag li cov chav kawm ntawv. Lub ntsiab feature yog ib tug peb-theem (!) Lub chaw ntawm riam phom. Lub sponson nyob rau sab theem, twb teem 75 hli nrog rab phom lub taw mas 32 degrees.

On thib ob pem teb - cov turret 37 hli phom thiab hoob kawm rab phom. Qhov thib peb theem yog sawv cev los ntawm ib leeg nrog lub tshuab rab phom turret los ntawm uas nws twb tau mus zoo suppress ob av thiab plav lub hom phaj. Yog li, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm American tso tsheb hlau luam (thiab Soviet thaum lub sij hawm) raws li txoj kev uas ua rau tus xov tooj ntawm yees, tab sis qhov no sib twb sai sai pom tias yuav erroneous.

Yuav kom tig lub turret nrog lub 37 hli phom yuav tsum tau siv tsis tau tsuas yog cov neeg kho tshuab, tab sis kuj cov hydraulic tsav. Vertical phom tau yuam xwb ntawm tus neeg kho tshuab tsav. Telescopic sights, soj pab kiag li lawm yog ua los ntawm prismatic qauv. Thaum lub sij hawm siv thiab ua cov siv casting, vuam thiab riveting. Ntauwd, sponson, thiab tag nrho cov pem hauv ntej ib feem tau raug muab ntiab.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub American tso tsheb hlau luam 2 lub ntiaj teb no muab tsis tshua muaj neeg unconvincing: muaj zog heev armor, ntau heev qhov siab, qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm qhov chaw ntawm cov riam phom, qhov uas tsis muaj cov yam ntxwv stellate aircraft xyaw (uas ri tsis txaus).

Dua li ntawm qhov lossis loj npaum li riam phom firepower nyob rau hauv cov tswv yim cov ntsiab lus nws yog heev tsawg. By ceeb thawj ntawm lub tsheb nws twb yuav luag zoo tib yam rau lub German "Tsov", tab sis lub sib ntaus los hauj lwm zoo yog qhov theem ntawm ib lub teeb tank.

Txawm li cas los, lub tank tseem massively ua los ntawm 1939 mus 1942, mus txog rau thaum nws pib mus rau massively hloov los ntawm M4 - ib tug muaj kev vam meej tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog. American tshuab ntawm no cim tau zoo npaum li cas.

M4 "Sherman"

Feem ntau cov loj theem nrab American tank, uas tau ua ntaj riam thaiv nrog ob lub Americans thiab lub British thiab Red Army. Cov yav tas nws twb massively nyob rau hauv txais-tsev. Heev txawv layout thiab riam phom system los ntawm lub yav dhau los cov cav tov. Lub layout thiab tsim ntawm lub hwj chim tsev thiab ncua kev kawm ntawv lom zem ntau tseem nyob zoo li qub, raws li nyob rau hauv tsov rog yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau siab ntau lawm cov nqi. Tej zaum nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws American tank.

Lub chassis twb tau kiag li tau theej los ntawm lub M3. Txawm li cas los, tsuas yog cov earliest hom laub tseem hnyav ncawv hloov ncua kev kawm ntawv: li ntawd tam sim no txhawb chais tau txuas ntawm lub rear. Zoo li twb tau siv vuam thiab / los yog casting. Lub pem hauv ntej ib feem yuav los ntawm welded thiab molded qhov chaw rau vuam thiab cannon caliber 75 hli twb mounted nyob rau hauv ib tug pej thuam, ua thiaj tau tuaj los ntawm casting.

Thaum xub thawj, cov American tso tsheb hlau luam (pictured saum toj no) muab tso rau lub tshuab "Continental" nrog ib tug cua-txias yam, tab sis lawv yog massively noj lub chaw ua dav hlua kev lag luam, tab sis vim hais tias cov Americans yeej ib txwm tau mus nrhiav rau lwm hom ntawm xyaw. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tus xov tooj ntawm serial kev hloov kho dramatically nce. M4 "Sherman" uas cog noob cov neeg coob ntawm tsib cov neeg. Cov domestic tankers uas tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv no "txawv teb chaws tsheb", lub tank tau nyiaj zoo xyuas.

Tankers, tshwj xeeb yog nyiam puab finishing zoo thiab khoom noj (raws li tau zoo raws li whiskey thiab zoo luam yeeb), uas twb tau ntim rau hauv ib lub tsheb raws li ib tug khoom plig. Muaj ntau lub neej rua li khov armor uas (tsis zoo li lub T-34) tsis crumble txawm yog hais tias nws allergic tshaj kev tiv thaiv cov neeg coob los ntawm cov qhov txhab twb ya deb daim dross.

hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam

Oddly txaus, muaj ntau cov tub rog historians ntseeg hais tias tus US hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam tsis muaj nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus. Cov tib "Pershing", uas yog xam tau tias yog ib tug hnyav tank, by luj, npaum li cas ua tsis tau zoo rau lub German "Tsov". Txawm li cas los, peb muaj kwv yees li tib yam teeb meem no. Cov lus teb yog yooj yim - cov Wehrmacht armored tsheb categorized los ntawm caliber, thiab peb thiab Americans - nyob rau hauv nws pawg.

tank M6

Qhov teeb meem txwv me me series nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1941 thiab 1942. Nyob rau caj npab tam sim ntawd sawv ob phom: 76,2 hli thiab 37 hli cannons ua ke ua ke. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws txawm peem rau nrog peb hnyav tshuab phom. Lub ncua kev kawm ntawv tau siv raws li plaub officers ntawm ob me me chais.

Muaj peb versions, los ntawm tus thawj uas tau nqa tawm los ntawm casting vaj tse, whereas lub tom qab kis heev dua lwm yam rau hauv high school-zoo welding, wherein tsis yog txhua tus tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog. American tsheb rau hauv no hwm deb superior rau domestic armor.

Siv raws li lub hydromechanical fais fab kis thiab hluav taws xob hom. Pej thuam yog ua heev dua lwm yam los ntawm casting. Yuav kom sib npaug rau tsis tshua muaj neeg clumsy thiab tsis ruaj tsis khov dual phom systems, tom qab ntawm tus pej thuam yuav tsum tau tiag lengthen. commander lub cupola tau muab, thiab mount rau mounting ib tug antiaircraft tshuab rab phom.

Negotiating siv ib tug ncaj high-zoo mloog xov tooj cua thiab ib tug nrog intercom system, tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm nws tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub tsim yog kom meej meej hai: riam phom rau no hom ntawm tank yog tsis muaj zog armor twb nyias nyias, thiab lub qhov siab - loj heev. Thiab tsuas 40 units ntawm tshiab cov khoom tau tso nws mus vim txhua yam, thiab raws li ib tug "hnyav" tsheb siv lub M26.

Tank M26 "Pershing"

Cov American tso tsheb hlau luam ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog II tau txais nyob rau hauv 1944. Keeb xeeb tau koom rau cov hoob kawm ntawm hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam (poob rau tag nrho cov suav ntawm lub German technology nyob rau hauv cov hoob kawm no), tab sis vim ib tug tsis haib riam phom yuav sai sai no yuav "demoted" nyob rau hauv nruab nrab. Peb muaj ib tug loj ntawm 41,5 tons. Housing welded, tau koom ua ke los ntawm ready-made castings thiab qhov chaw. Qab - lub sab-puab. Lub pem hauv ntej tsev nyob ib feem yog los ntawm casting, nws muaj ib tug muaj kuab nqes hav chaw. Pej thuam muaj ib tug elongated lub cev, muab ib tug commander lub cupola thiab mount anti-aircraft "Browning".

Raws li rau lub chassis, lub classic Torsion bar ncua kev kawm ntawv thiab ib tug rau khiav chais tau siv. Hais tias chassis yog heev hwm tankers, raws li nws muaj pov thawj yuav tsis tshua muaj txhim khu kev qha. Cav - petrol yim "Ford", yog hais txog mus rau lub GAF-V hom. Cua txias dej, kis tau tus mob - hydro. Nws enables cov tank mus rau ib tug siab acceleration tus nqi thiab zoo heev smoothness.

Lub ntsiab ntsuas yog 90 hli M3 phom uas los ntawm tus armor- tho projectiles ya mus rau ntawm ib tug ceev ntawm 810 m / s. Tsis tas li ntawd txawm peem rau nrog ib tug khub ntawm 7,62 hli tshuab phom, ib tug ntawm cov uas twb Student paired nrog ib rab phom. Pej thuam tso 12.7 hli anti-aircraft rab phom. Kuv muaj ib tug quadrant-goniometer uas tso cai rau koj mus rau heev muaj tseeb shooting ntawm lub kaw txoj hauj lwm. M26 tswj kom coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub theem kawg ntawm ntiaj teb ua tsov ua rog II. Tsuas yog hais txog ib tug thiab ib tug ib nrab txhiab lub tsheb tau ua.

Tus tam sim no lub xeev ntawm affairs

Niaj hnub nimno American tso tsheb hlau luam muaj me ntsis nyob rau hauv ntau nrog lawv cov predecessors. Lawv txoj kev loj hlob muaj ib tug txiav txim cawv German tshwj xeeb. Tus tam sim no "Abrams" muaj ib tug high profile, thiab ib tug loj heev armor zabronevogo loj npaum li cas ntawm qhov chaw. Tsis zoo li tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lub ntiaj teb ob, nws muaj ib tug zoo nkauj ntxhib zoo thiab haib riam phom, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv 120 hli rifled rab phom. Lub ntsiab sib txawv los ntawm nws cov predecessors yog lub classical ncua kev kawm ntawv thiab cov pa roj-turbine engine.

Yog li, cov niaj hnub American tso tsheb hlau luam tsuas yog me ntsis zoo li lawv cov predecessors.