Tsev ua yeeb yam ntaub. Khoom thiab tsim ntawm lub ua yeeb yam scene

Leej twg uas tau mus rau lub ua yeeb yam, nco tias cov ua yeeb yam ntaub yog ib qho tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm lub sab hauv thiab nyob ntev tsim. Qhov no attribute yog niaj tseem ceeb kev hloov nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev xav thiab lub evolution ntawm theatrical kos duab. Thiab niaj hnub no, lub scene cov ntaub - nws yog ib daim ntawm daim ntaub rau ib tug qaum, thiab technically sophisticated khoom nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov nta thiab zog.

zaj dabneeg

Tus thawj theem ntaub siv txawm nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam ntawm Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws. Nws signaled qhov pib thiab qhov kawg ntawm txaus ntshai kawg kiag. Kab hlau rhuav raws li cov sophisticated khoom invented nyob rau hauv hais txog lub xyoo pua 17th, thaum sai kev kawm yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib tug theatrical scene. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, muaj tau tsiv scenery, ntau thiab ntau xim raug them nyiaj ntau lawm designers teem tsim, thiab tus kab hlau rhuav tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug kev caij nyob rau hauv cov kev hloov ntawm lub paintings, tab sis kuj xav paub ntau paub qhia tej lo possibilities.

Nyob rau hauv lub 18th xyoo pua theem tsim, thiab cov ntaub pib mus ua si ib qho tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm dab. Tej zaum lawv ua si ib qho tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm. Nrog rau cov kev taw qhia txog-tus-box theem ntaub tau nrhiav ib tug tshiab lub ntsiab lus thiab tau ua ib lub caij ntawm qhov chaw.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th scenographers ntxiv txhawb cov tseem ceeb ntawm no lub caij ntawm theem kho kom zoo nkauj. Lawv los ua ib feem ntawm qhov kev tsim, uas yog tshwj xeeb uas npaj rau cov kev ua si yuav kub hnyiab tau. Piv txwv li, rau zus tau tej cov Lermontov lub "Masquerade" nyob rau hauv lub Mariinsky Theatre paub ua yeeb yam artist Golovin ua 10 yuav kub hnyiab tau rau txhua tus hloov cov duab.

lub sij hawm

Tus thawj theem ua ib tug ntaub laj kab muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub viewers 'ob lub qhov muag. Nws tsis pom lub layout thiab scenery ua ntej qhov kev txiav txim kaw lub scene thaum lub sij hawm ntawm ib tug kev hloov ntawm scenery. Tab sis, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ib tug ntaub thiab aesthetic hom phiaj. Ua ntej, nws pib ntsais koj teeb pib ntawm qhov kev nthuav qhia. Disclosure of tus kab hlau rhuav yuav siv sij hawm tus tuav mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm fantasy, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd, nws suab nyob rau hauv mus rau lub chaw ntawm cov kablus thiab cov ua yeeb yam ntawm illusion. Ob, cov ntaub yuav siv tau raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug ua tau zoo art qhov chaw, thiab txawm raws li ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib cim. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv "Hamlet" nyob rau hauv lub Taganka ua yeeb yam, nws ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm, Destiny, pob zeb, thiab lwm yam

Cov ntaub yog ib tug ntxiv txhais tau tias ntawm kev hais lus, piv txwv li? teeb draperies los yog kub hnyiab tau stylized muaj peev xwm tsim lub illusion ntawm ib tug tej thaj chaw los yog thaj chaw. Txawm lub tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawd yuav ua tau tej yam artistic hauv paus ntsiab lus - ib co niaj hnub theaters tsis kam lees yuav nws. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas tus me nyuam K. Raikin "Satyricon."

Apparatus thiab khoom

Tsev ua yeeb yam scene tsuas yog los ntawm cov auditorium saib richly thiab txawm romantic. Txawm tias thaum twg ib tug ntaub ntawm lub invention yog ib tug complex mechanism, uas nws thiaj li xav modernized. Yuav ua kom ib tug tus, simultaneous thiab niaj hnub xaav thiab razdvizheniya ntaub siv ib zaug xwb tsav system. Thaum xub thawj nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tes-kos, ces - nyob rau hluav taws xob, tab sis hnub no yog tswj hwm los ntawm lub computer tswj.

Lifting thiab nqis mechanism kom uniform zog ntawm hnyav heev siv. Nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim hais tias tus sab feem tsis swayed, lawv muab hnyav ntsia. Qhov tseem nyuab tsim muaj thiab zawv zawg zog thiab lifting. qhov thiaj li hu ua txoj kev yuav ua tau mus ua hauj lwm cov ntaub. Muaj ntau ntau ntau ntau yam ntawm nws: linear, nonlinear, thiab ropes. Niaj hnub no, rau cov ntaub zog siv complex rail systems, uas yog tswj los ntawm cov chaw taws teeb tswj.

typology

Ua ntau paub tab, ib tug ntaub yuav ua tau ntau hom. Muaj ntau ntau classifications raws li cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov kev ua ntawm ib tug ua si, rau keeb kwm draping txoj kev. Koj yuav tau xaiv hom kub hnyiab tau raws li tus txheej txheem tswj thiab traction tswj, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no xa mus rau phau ntawv, cov neeg kho tshuab, hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob machinery.

Muaj me nyuam no yuav faib cov theem draping cov khoom los ntawm uas lawv tau ua. Yog li ntawd raug rho tawm, velvet thiab linen kub hnyiab tau. Txawm li cas los, xws division yog untenable vim hais tias ntaub - ib tug multi-txheej qauv uas muaj ib tug txheej txheej thiab ib puab, duab ntxoov ntxoo, txhua shilsya los ntawm ntau ntaub so ntswg.

Hom raws li cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tawm

Nyob rau hauv ib tug khiav sawv tawm xws li hom yeeb yam yuav kub hnyiab tau, raws li cov zawv zawg thiab lifting thiab downcomers.

Lub mechanism ntawm tus nqi rau cov khoom yuav tsum muab ua kom tiav kev pab them nqi ntawm cov scene los ntawm lub qhov muag ntawm tus neeg tuaj saib, nws yog nce los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim muaj ib tug yawm tsis hnov tsw - hu ib canvas mus rau lwm lub. Tuaj yog mounted rau txawv ntsia thiab tus mus kom ze ntawm ib qho ntawm lwm cov poob lawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus nqi rau mechanism yuav tsum xyuas kom meej synchronous tsab ntawv tsa suab duab. Nws yog raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug ib tsav system.

Txhua yeeb yam scene uas - nws yog nws lub siab, coj saib xyuas ntawd ntaub tsav tsheb mechanism yeej ib txwm ua hauj lwm flawlessly sai sai, ntseeg nkaws, synchronously thiab ua twj ywm. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias ib tug zawv zawg ntaub muaj loj qhia possibilities tshaj yuav. Folds, taw lub suab tsiag ntawv los ntawm muaj peev xwm mus rau kis tig tau. Yog li ntawd txaus siab ntaub Bolshoi Theatre, loj theem uas yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib tug zoo kawg li zawv zawg canvas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tapestry.

Lifting thiab downcomer mechanisms - lub rov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug ntau ancient. Txawm nyob rau hauv lub ancient Greek ua yeeb yam yog ib tug ntaub uas poob ua ntej tus yeeb yam nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov thiab nce tawm ntawm nws los ntawm tus kawg ntawm lub spectacle. txos mechanism yog raws li nyob rau hauv ib qhov system of balances, los ntawm qev hniav tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov rau lub sab.

Muaj tseem ua ke yuav kub hnyiab tau, uas combines cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab rov tav extension thiab ntsug lifting thiab tej. Lawv sawv cev rau lub siab tshaj plaws txoj kev teeb tsa.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem tau mus ntsib thiab folding yuav kub hnyiab tau, nyob rau hauv uas lub web tsim nyob rau hauv ib, ob, peb los yog plaub ntxiv. Tej qauv pub rau kaw xwb rau sab saum toj ib nrab ntawm cov theem qhov chaw thiab muaj ntau kho kom zoo nkauj.

Ib qho tseem ceeb txog txoj kev ua tau zoo

Cov Tsam Thawj ntaub siv nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm cov kev ua si, thiab nyob rau hauv no lub hauv paus, lawv yog muab faib rau kev twv txiaj thiab Tableau. Tableau ntaub ua yeeb yam yog ib tug txhais tau tias ntawm partitioning qhov chaw ntawm lub scene ua ntej pib ntawm txhua qhov kev txiav txim, thiab mus ua kom tiav cov kev ua si. Cov qauv no yog ib feem ntawm mus tas li tsim theem. Kev ua si ua qauv tsim rau tej yam ua yeeb yam, thiab yog ib feem ntawm lub teeb tsim. Lawv muaj peev xwm yuav tau ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov kho kom zoo nkauj, ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov duab Overture, hauv ntawm xoom ntawm cov theem. Kev ua si yuav kub hnyiab tau yog tsim los ua ib tug tshwj xeeb chaw ntawm cov kev ua si, thiab muab lawv nrog cov style thiab ib hom ntawv nyeem.

teeb ntaub

Muaj yog ib tug tshwj xeeb zoo, uas yog tsim los ntawm lub teeb. Niaj hnub nimno ua yeeb yam khoom yuav hloov lub teeb ntawm lub spotlights ntawm qhov teeb meem, uas yuav ua tau cov nuj nqi ntawm ib tug ntaub. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov hauj lwm muaj nyob rau hauv illumination ntawm hais tshem tawm nyob rau hauv huab cua. Muaj ob txoj kev los mus tsim xws li ib tug ntaub: kab rov tav thiab nruab nrab kem. Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, teeb projectors kab yog qhia horizontally mus rau txhua lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej uniformity ntawm tus kab hlau rhuav nws yog feem ntau kev txhawb los ntawm dub velvet backdrop scenes. Qhov thib ob hom yog kom nqaim ntawm lub teeb fluxes ntawm cov kis nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov theem ntawm lub qab nthab hauv chav tsev no, uas yog lined nrog dub velvet. Lub teeb ntaub txig ua lub muaj nuj nqi ntawm lub overlap scene los ntawm cov zoo li cov neeg tuaj saib, thiab kuj plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tshwj xeeb qhia kev kawm, uas thaum rov ntau lub sij hawm tsuas tej nws cov nyhuv.

keeb kwm hom

Tseem muaj ob peb xaiv rau yuav kub hnyiab tau, tau txais lub npe nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus theaters nyob rau hauv uas lawv siv. Yog li ntawd, muaj yog lub Austrian qauv, uas yog txawv cov rooj sib txoos nyob rau hauv loj folds, picks lub canvas. Zoo ib yam li muaj ib tug Venetian ntau yam, nws tsuas ntxiv dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ntsug pleats. Kab hlau rhuav, hu ua "Italian", yog heev nyob rau hauv classical ua yeeb yam. Nws muaj ob txoj kev webs, uas rau qhov qis dua ntawm cov ces kaum sawv upward. Cov nram qab no hom kuj muaj nyob: kabuki, Punchinello, yuav kub hnyiab tau Wagner thiab Brecht.

sau npe

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus yam ntxwv sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub, ntawm chav kawm, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim. Obviously, cov theem tsim yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog rau sab hauv ntawm lub ua yeeb yam, raws li tau zoo raws li haum tus spectacle ua si. Feem ntau cov thawj tswj hwm tsim tshwj xeeb yuav kub hnyiab tau rau lawv productions, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nto moo theaters feem ntau muaj lawv cov cim yuav kub hnyiab tau hais tias yog lawv trademark. Yog li, lub Bolshoi Theatre, ib tug loj theem uas yog dai kom zoo nkauj historic "golden" kab hlau rhuav, siv ib tug ntau ntawm manpower thiab cov kev pab rau kho tshiab ntawm no nto moo khoom. Thaum lub Mariinsky Theatre ntaub Golovin nyob rau hauv xyoo 1914 yog suav tias yog cov hauj lwm emblem. Ib yam li tus kab hlau rhuav Arts ua yeeb yam, tsim nrog cov qauv thiab lub tsev interiors F. Schechtel.