Thaum muaj ib lub Laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, thiab yog vim li cas?

Cov lus nug txog thaum muaj ib laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, kev kho mob niaj hnub no tag nrho cov neeg uas txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm thiab kab lis kev cai ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Peb yuav sim muab ib tug kev lo lus teb rau nws.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub qub Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv?

Laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv hu ua monuments ntawm kev kawm ntawv ntawm Kievan Rus ', uas nyob rau hauv cov theem ntawm cov creation ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov sab hnub tuaj Slavs, hu ua Kievan Rus. Laus lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, raws li tej ntaub ntawv, xaus nyob rau hauv 1237 (thaum lub sij hawm ruinous Tatar ntxeem tau), raws li mus rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv, nws tseem rau lwm 400 xyoo thiab maj xaus nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance Moscow State tom qab troubled lub sij hawm.

Txawm li cas los, ntau dua yog tus thawj version, uas tej piav thaum twg thiab yog vim li cas ib tug Laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub, qhov no fact qhia tias peb pog koob yawg koob tau tuaj mus rau xws li ib tug ntev ntawm kev loj hlob, thaum lawv tsis txaus siab ntawm lus dab neeg thiab yuav tsum tau tshiab lwm yam - hagiographic ntaub ntawv, cov lus qhuab qhia, thiab Miscellany "lus".

Thaum muaj ib lub Laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv: lub keeb kwm thiab lub ntsiab yam tseem ceeb ntawm

Cov kos yog hnub ntawm kev sau ntawv ntawm cov thawj hauj lwm ntawm ancient keeb kwm muaj, tab sis thaum pib ntawm kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia muaj feeb ntau tau txuam nrog ob txheej xwm. Tus thawj - lub rov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws ntawm Orthodox monks - Cyril thiab Methodius uas tsim lub Glagolitic ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd thov cov kev siv zog mus rau lub creation ntawm lub Cyrillic niam ntawv. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau rau txhais liturgical phau ntawv thiab cov Christian Byzantine Empire nyob rau hauv lub qub Slavonic lus.

Qhov thib ob qhov tseem ceeb tshwm sim yog lub sij Christianization ntawm Russia, uas tau tso cai rau peb lub teb chaws mus zoo nrog lub Greeks - lub ces muaj kev txawj ntse thiab kev txawj ntse.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lo lus nug ntawm seb, nyob rau hauv dab tsi xyoo muaj Laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, yuav tsis tau teb tsis tau, thiab vim hais tias ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm monuments ntawm ancient nyeem ntawv tau poob raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ruinous Tartar yoke, feem ntau ntawm lawv hlawv nyob rau hauv ntau hluav taws kub uas tau coj tuaj rau peb lub teb chaws bloodthirsty nomads .

Lub nto moo tshaj plaws monuments ntawm ancient Russia nyeem ntawv

Teb rau ib lo lus nug hais txog thaum muaj ib laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias tej hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm no yog ib tug ncaj high theem ntawm kev sau ntawv zoo. Ib tug naas ej "Lo lus" ntawm tub huabtais Igor lub phiaj los nqis tes rau Polovtsy uas tsuas raug tus nqi.

Dua li ntawm qhov ntsoog loj heev keeb kwm tshwm sim, lub nram qab no monuments tau dim.

Luv luv sau tus yuam sij sawv daws yuav:

1. Laurentian Chronicle.
2. Ostrom txoj moo zoo.
3. Heev heev didactic collections.
4. Nyob collections (e.g., collections ntawm lub neej ntawm cov thawj Lavxias teb sab dawb huv ntawm Lavra).
5. "Qhuab qhia ua lus nyob rau hauv txoj cai lij choj thiab Hlub" Hilarion.
6. Lub neej ntawm Boris thiab Gleb.
7. Nyeem txog Boris thiab Gleb.
8. "Taleas ntawm bygone Xyoo".
9. "Kev qhia ntawm tub huabtais Vladimir, nicknamed Monomakh".
10. "Nej."
11. "Lus dab neeg ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws ntawm txoj kev tuag."

Chronology ntawm lub qub Lavxias teb sab phau ntawv-kev kawm

Kws muaj txuj ancient sau kev lig kev cai, Academician DS Likhachev thiab nws cov npoj yaig hais tias cov lus teb rau lo lus nug ntawm thaum muaj Laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub monuments ntawm cov thawj Lavxias teb sab phau ntawv-kev kawm.

Raws li cov keeb kwm, nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 10, xub tshwm sim txhais los ntawm tej hauj lwm Greek. Nyob rau hauv parallel, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm tsim dab neeg phau ntawv tales ntawm lub exploits ntawm Svyatoslav Igorevich thiab epics txog tub huabtais Vladimir.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 11th ua tsaug rau cov ua hauj lwm ntawm Metropolitan Ilarion tau sau phau ntawv ua hauj lwm. Piv txwv li, nws yog ib lub twb hais "Qhuab qhia ua lus nyob rau hauv txoj cai lij choj thiab Hlub", ib tug piav qhia ntawm qhov saws me nyuam ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv los ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg thiab lwm tus. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua thawj phau ntawv Miscellany, raws li zoo raws li lub neej ntawm thaum ntxov phau ntawv ntawm Boris thiab Gleb tau tsim, tua nyob rau hauv lub princely feuds thiab tom qab ntawd canonized.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th nws tau sau thawj tej hauj lwm ntawm authorship uas hais txog lub neej ntawm Theodosius, Abbot Pechersky, lub neej ntawm lwm cov neeg ntseeg ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua txoj moo zoo Galitsky, ib tug txawj ntse Lavxias teb sab hais lus Kirillom Turovskim sau zaj lus piv txwv yog tsim los pab thiab "lo lus." Lub hnub nyoog hnub rov qab mus rau lub creation ntawm cov ntawv nyeem ntawm "Nej". Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, thiab luam tawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm txhais tej hauj lwm, tuaj los ntawm Byzantium thiab nqa ib tug hauv paus ntawm ob Christian thiab Hellenic txawj ntse.

Yog li ntawd, nws tseem tau mus objectively teb rau lo lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi xyoo pua Laus Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv nyob li: nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 10 ua ke nrog rau cov tshwm sim los ntawm Slavic Literature thiab cov creation ntawm Kievan Rus 'raws li ib tug unified lub xeev.