Pushkin Square (Moscow). Cov duab thiab cov txheeb xyuas cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi

Lub chaw ua haujlwm loj heev ntawm Pushkin Square nyob hauv lub nroog Earthen, uas yog ib feem ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Moscow. Nws yog ob kauj ruam ntawm sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm lub Kremlin. Nws ciam teb rau lwm qhov chaw sab nraud ntawm ob lub nras - Strastnoy thiab Tverskoy.

Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, nyob rau hauv lub Boulevard Nplhaib, xa mus rau lub Tverskoy District, yog nyob rau Pushkin Square. Xov tooj yog tuaj ntawm no ib zaug los ntawm peb qhov chaw: Pushkinskaya, Tverskaya thiab Chekhovskaya.

Keeb kwm npe ntawm Pushkin Square

Los ntawm heev pib lub square yog hu ua Strastnaia. Nws yog lub npe ntawm lub monastery nyob ze. Nws kuj hu ua lub toj taug kev ntawm lub rooj vag Tver, uas ib zaug tau ua ib qho kev nkag mus rau Dawb Nroog.

Lub npe tam sim no, "Pushkin Square", tau raug tsim tawm sab nraud ntawm thaj chaw hauv 1937. Lawv tau hu nws kom nws nco txog lub xyoo ib nrab ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm tus yawg Lavxias tus kws sau paj lug.

Cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm muaj feem rau Tver rooj

Thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua rau xyoo, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas Pushkin Square yog tam sim no kis, Tverskaya rooj vag, ua rau txoj kev ntawm lub nroog Dawb, towered. Ntawm txoj kev tawm ntawm lawv, cov neeg taug kev mus rau Tver thiab St. Petersburg. Lub rooj vag tau tsa saum toj saud ntawm daim ID. Miloslavsky, uas tuaj mus rau zaj lus tim khawv ntawm Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.

Nyob ze ze ntawm lub rooj vag nyob rau hauv 1641 kom tiav qhov kev siv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus dawb huv Leej niam ntawm Vajtswv. Nyob rau hauv 1645, lub Passion Monastery (tus poj niam monastery) tau qhib tam sim ntawd. Nyob ze ua ib lub tuam tsev ob lub tuam tsev ntawm Dimitry ntawm Thexalaunikes. Nyob rau Malaya Dmitrovka muaj ib qho chaw hu ua "Txoj Kev Ncaj Ncees rau Lub Tsev Thaj Tsam". Nws txais European envoys uas tsav tsheb mus rau Moscow los ntawm Novgorod.

Nyob rau hauv lub zej zog nrog lub palace tsev hais plaub, thawj peb lub pob zeb Cathedral ntawm lub Nativity ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb nyob rau hauv Putinki tau tsa. Lub tsev ntawm pawg ntseeg tau dim rau hnub no. Nyob rau hauv 1641, cov rooj vag thaiv tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub qhov rooj laj kab thaiv. Lawv tau ua hauj lwm hauv 63 smithies, tom ntej uas nyob rau hauv 1670, hmoov nplej thiab nqaij khw tau ua.

Tsim ib thaj chaw

Tver lub qhov rooj muaj txog thaum 1720. Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lawv lub demolition, tau tsim ib lub compact platform, uas yog adorned nrog ib tug koov triumphal tsim rau lub entry nkag ntawm Peter kuv, uas xaus lub Nystadt Peace. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau yav tom ntej ntawm lub tom ntej coronations, ib tug tshiab koov tau tsa ntawm no.

Phab ntsa ntawm lub nroog Dawb tau raug tshem tawm hauv xyoo 1770. Nyob rau hauv 1784, Kuznetsov raug yuam tawm rau lub Thoob Ntiaj Teb Thoob Ntiaj Teb. Tom qab 11 xyoo, tsis muaj kev xav tau rau lub khws, lawv cov tswv kuj tau mus rau lwm qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv 1791, rebuilt lub Cathedral ntawm Dmitry Solunsky. Nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw baroque tuam tsev tau ua, nto moo rau nws choirs.

Tom qab tsib xyoo nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub rhuav phab ntsa prolih Tverskoy Boulevard, thawj pej xeem cov phoj chaw, uas tau txais Moscow. Pushkinskaya Square los ntawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv yuav pib hloov thiab yuav ua ib tug nyiam qhov chaw rau prom.

Cov hnub poob ntawm Pushkin Square

Nyob rau xyoo 1803, txoj kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev loj tuaj ntawm no, tus tswv ntawm, M. I. Rimskaya-Korsakov, npaj cov khoom siv luxurious hauv nws. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Famusov (thiaj li hu ua lub pob zeb loj heev) muaj Griboyedov thiab Pushkin. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm housewives tsev kis Stroganov tsev kawm ntawv siv los kos duab. Thiab nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawm lub tsev socialism nws tau raug xa mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv Communist University ntawm Cov Neeg Sab Hnub Tuaj.

Tom qab 52 xyoo, ib lub phab ntsa ntxiv rau lub Passion Monastery, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov yees thiab lub tswb pej thuam, uas tau tso cai rau nws tswj hwm lwm cov qauv. Nyob rau hauv 1880 ib lub monument tau tsa rau Pushkin Square. Monument rau A.S. Pushkin yog kwv yees los ntawm sculptor A. Opekushin. Cov nyiaj rau nws cov kev tsim tau raug sau los ntawm cov ntawv sau, uas yog los ntawm I. Turgenev thiab F. Dostoyevsky.

Txog thaum xyoo 1890, qhov Kev Sib Koom Tes yog qhov chaw ua lag luam. Ntawm ib lub khw muag khoom me me lawv muag nqaij, hmoov nplej, taws thiab quav nyab. Nyob rau hauv 1872, nyob rau nws lub teb chaws kos ib txoj kab ntawm nees-kos railway nyob rau hauv Petrovsky Park. Thaum nees nkaum-xya xyoo dhau los, thawj lub nroog trams yuav qhib. Thiab lwm 8 - tus neeg tsav tsheb nees tsav tsheb yuav raug hloov los ntawm lub tsheb tavxij.

Revolutionary uprisings ntawm Strastnoy Boulevard

Thiab tsuas yog cov txheej xwm ntawm 1905 thiab 1917 overshadow lub heyday ntawm Tverskaya Square. Nws, zoo li tag nrho lub teb chaws, yuav muaj sia nyob rau hnub tu siab ntawm lub sijhawm nyuaj. Ua ntej, nyob rau hauv lub barricades ntawm Strastnoy Boulevard, dragoons thiab ib pab tub rog nrog insurgents tiv thaiv. Cov neeg fav xeeb ntawd raug tua. Nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm lub kaum hli ntuj kiv puag ncig Boulevard tau txais lawv txhais tes rau ntawm lub Bolsheviks. Nws yog qhov txuas ntawm Moscow City Council thiab Presnya.

Square nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm socialism

Passionate monastery hauv 1919 yuav tau them. Nws yuav sawv ntsug rau cuaj xyoo. Thiab tom qab ntawd ces nws yog ib qho kev cai dab qhuas hu ua anti-religious museum. Nyob rau hauv 1927, ib daim ntawv xov xwm Izvestia tau ua tom ntej no rau nws. Xyoo 1934 - ob lub tsev nyob sib ze tau rov kho dua thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov lej 16 thiab 16/2. Lub dome ntawm tus qauv yuav tsim ib tug yam ntxwv silhouette, vim tias cov Pushkin Square yuav kis tau ib tus recognizable. Lub tuam tsev tshiab yuav yog lub koom txoos ntawm Cov Koomhaum Tub Hluas Kev Ua Si, Lub Tsev ntawm Cov Tub Ceev Xwm thiab cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm Moskovskie Novosti.

Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo demolished lub tuam tsev ntawm Dmitry Solunsky. Tsib xyoo tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw, kev tsim kho nrog ib lub turret, crowned nrog ib tug duab ntawm ib tug ntxhais nrog ib tug qauv ntawm ib lub nkoj, yuav tsum tau ua. Lub tsev hu ua "Lub tsev nyob rau hauv daim tiab" vim yog cov duab puab. Passionate monastery sawv mus txog 1938.

Tom qab xyoo kaum ib xyoo, Stalin tau txiav txim siab muab lub pob zeb pov rau Pushkin kom tau mus rau qhov chaw uas lub chaw teev monsten. Thiab ob xyoo tom qab ntawd, ib lub voj voog zoo nkauj tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub thoob dej. Nyob rau xyoo 1961, theatre "Theatre" tau tsim tsa ua dawb nyob rau hauv qhov chaw hauv cheeb tsam. Pushkin Square tsis tuaj yeem hloov, poob qhov lossis lwm yam khoom siv kab lis kev cai thiab keeb kwm.

Yog li, xyoo 1975 nws tau txiav txim siab los rhuav tshem lub Tsev Tsev Famusov. Cov pej xeem tawm tsam tsis ua rau txhua yam. Lub tsev keeb kwm tau rhuav tshem, thiab sai sai no tus qauv tshiab tau ua nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw, qhov chaw sau ntawv xov xwm Izvestia editorial chaw yog tswm.

Nyob rau hauv Stalin lub hnub nyob rau hauv lub hnub ntawm lub teb chaws festivities nyob rau hauv boulevard, lawv npaj festivities. Nyob rau lub square muaj May Hnub thiab lub kaum hli ntuj ua yeeb yam, pop ua yeeb yam thiab ib tug tub rog band ua. Bazaars muag me nyuam cov khoom, khoom qab zib, khoom noj khoom haus Lavxias tsoos thiab cov khoom tsis zoo.

Boulevard nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm stagnation thiab restructuring

Txij thaum lub sij hawm ntawm stagnation Strastnoy Boulevard tau dhau los ua ib qho chaw uas tau txiav txim siab thiab kev tshwm sim thiab cov kev qhia tawm tau qhov chaw. Cov neeg tsis muaj vaj tse tau ua kev zoo siab rau lawv tus kheej taug kev ntawm no. Thawj "kev tshaj tawm rally", nyob rau 05.15.65, rau Hnub Txoos Nom Tswv, tau nce mus rau txhua xyoo kev tawm tsam, uas suav nrog, Andrei Sakharov.

Thaum lub sij hawm puag ncig, lub Pushkin Square ua qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm pej xeem lub neej. Nyob ze ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm Moskovskiye Novosti, cov ntawv xov xwm tshiab tau muab tso rau ntawm cov ntsia thwj. Nyob rau ntawm lub thoob ntawm pej xeem txhua txhua hnub cov neeg coob coob tau sib sau, sib sau sib tham txog kev hloov hauv nom tswv hauv lub tebchaws. Nyob rau hauv 1988, lub rooj sib hais nyob rau hauv txoj kev sib tw tau tsim, tsim los ntawm "Democratic Union" tsis muaj kev tso cai ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Yuav muaj kev "tseem ceeb ntawm kev tawm tsam", uas tau coj mus rau phab ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab xyoo 2007.

Qhov qhib ntawm thawj McDonald tus nyob rau hauv Russia ntawm 31.01.90 yog tej zaum feem ntau cov txheej xwm ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Soviet Union, uas pej xeem ntawm Pushkin Square xav tsis thoob. Diam duab ntawm lub tsev noj mov uas tau ua kom txaws, tau pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua daim ntawv luam tawm ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Cov neeg uas xav saj cov zaub mov txawv txawv nyob hauv cov khaub thuas rau ib lub sijhawm.

Kev txheeb xyuas cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi

Qhov no ntawm Boulevard Nplhaib, tab sis nws poob nws thawj cov tsos nrog majestic qub vaj tse thiab pawg ntseeg, yog ib txwm animated. Muscovites thiab capital lub qhua xaiv cov rooj sib tham ntawm no. Cov neeg tuaj yeem raug kos mus rau lub monument rau A.S. Pushkin, mus rau lub rooj ntev zaum ze ntawm cov chaw ntxim hlub. Cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj yeem nyiam so hauv cov khw nojmov thiab tuav, ua tau ntawm iav, dai kom zoo nkauj, nrog cov hlau. Ntev nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm cov qhua ntawm lub capital thiab leisurely mus taug kev nyob rau hauv lub luxurious chaw ua si.