Pejxeem Morocco: nta, loj, me, ua hauj lwm, thiab nthuav tseeb

Cov ntau yam kev seevcev lub teb chaws nrog cov keeb kwm, ua tsuas yog nyob rau centuries-laus confrontation ntawm lub hauv paus txawm pejxeem - lub Berbers - thiab conquerors, thiab thaws rov los rau cov neeg nyob ntawm Morocco. Monotonous kev cai dab qhuas muaj pes tsawg leeg, tab sis cov lus sib txawv coob ntawm Morocco. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub teb chaws nyob hauv Npanpiloo los ntawm unevenly, uas tsuas muaj txhawb rau muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov pejxeem.

Ib tug nyuag cov keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws

Lub xeev tau ywj siab xwb nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Kom txog rau thaum 1956, Morocco twb kav los ntawm lus Mev, lub Fabkis, nws yog ib feem ntawm ob peb as lub xeev. Nyob rau cov pawg neeg thaj av ntawm txawv sij hawm, muaj ib lub xeev ntawm lub Almoravids, Almohad, alautov, Idrisid kav Marinids wattasid dynasty thiab dynasty Saadians.

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm lub ntug dej hiav txwv yog ib qho tseem ceeb stopover thiab trading platform, thiab ib tug me ntsis rau yav tom ntej lub teb chaws nominally raws li cov cai ntawm cov Roman faj tim teb chaws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm lub neej tshiab nimno lub xeev pib los mus tsim ua liaj ua teb, loj lub zos tau ua: Banaz, muag khoom, Volubilis. Cov pejxeem ntawm Morocco, uas ces twb feem ntau nomadic pab pawg neeg, muaj tau me ntsis los ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman, txawm hais tias nominally subordinate mus rau tim Loos.

Niaj hnub no, lub xeev yog qhov tseem ceeb pab pawg phooj ywg ntawm lub US, sab nraum cov tub rog alliance. Diplomatic kev sib raug zoo nrog Russia yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug turnover nyob rau hauv excess ntawm US $ 2 billion (raws li ntawm 2010). Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Lavxias teb sab pej xeem muaj peev xwm tuaj mus rau Morocco tsis muaj kom tau ib tug visa.

Lub zog ntawm cov pejxeem

Cov zaj dab neeg, uas yuav siv sij hawm nws keeb kwm los ntawm pre-historic lub sij hawm, distinguishes Morocco. Pes tsawg tus neeg nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm cov niaj hnub lub xeev, nyob rau hauv 150 AD, yog ib tug lab cov neeg. Tom qab Great tsiv teb tsaws tooj ntawm inhabitants poob los ntawm 3 lab ib xyoos, 300 mus rau 2 lab 500-m. Yuav luag kom txog thaum lub nruab nrab ntawm lub thib kaum xya xyoo pua, cov pejxeem ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm Morocco yog tsis pub dhau lub loj ntawm 2.7 rau 4.2 lab cov neeg.

Lub active kev loj hlob ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm inhabitants pib nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua thiab yog tseem mus tsis tu ncua. Nyob rau hauv 1900, cov pej xeem ntawm Morocco totaled 5.1 lab inhabitants, thiab thaum pib ntawm lub sixties tus xov tooj ntawm Moroccans ob npaug. Thaum pib ntawm lub nees nkaum-thawj ib puas xyoo, 30.1 lab inhabitants tau sau npe. Raws li qhov tseeb cov ntaub ntawv (rau 2016), cov pej xeem ntawm Morocco yog 35 lab tus tib neeg.

Pw ua niam txiv uas muaj hnub nyoog qauv Morocco

Cov nab npawb ntawm cov tau-bodied pej xeem ntawm Morocco yog 23.2 lab, sib npaug rau 66,1% raws li ib feem pua. Cov kev faib ua feem ntawm Moroccans laus muaj hnub nyoog lawm xwb 6.1% (2.1 lab cov neeg), cov me nyuam mus txog rau 15 xyoo inclusive, muaj 9.7 plhom (27.8%). Tus nab npawb ntawm cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam yog kwv yees li sib npaug zos rau cov piv ntawm lub sexes yog feem 49% thiab 51%.

Lub coefficients ntawm cov kev sib raug tsim txom nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg

Qhov no piv muab ib tug kuj feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov kev tsim txom. Yog li, txhua tus ua hauj lwm cov neeg nyob rau hauv Morocco yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias lub zus tau tej cov ib tug thiab ib tug ib nrab sij hawm ntau cov khoom thiab cov kev pab cuam tshaj yog yuav tsum tau rau nws tus kheej.

Cov me nyuam mos liab load (tej zaum hloov) yog sib npaug zos rau 42,1%, uas muab ib tug hnyav hom hnub nyoog-poj niam txiv pyramid thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas cov pejxeem. Lub coefficient ntawm cov nyiaj laus lub nra, uas yog xam raws li tus piv ntawm cov pejxeem saum toj no cov ua hauj lwm uas muaj hnub nyoog pejxeem mus rau lub ua hauj lwm cov pej xeem, Morocco yog 9.2%.

Lub neej expectancy thiab kev kawm ntawv

Expectancy ntawm lub neej ntawm cov pej xeem (thaum yug tus me nyuam) yog 75,9 xyoo. Tsuas yog 72% ntawm cov neeg laus cov pejxeem yuav nyeem thiab sau ntawv, thaum lub sij hawm nyeem ntawv npaum li cas ntawm cov tub hluas yog 82,7%, cov neeg pluag - 62,5%. Cov tub ntxhais hluas (15 rau 24 xyoo) muaj ntau literate. Hluas nyeem ntawv npaum li cas yog sib npaug zos rau 95,1%.

Cov kev ceev ntawm cov pej xeem thiab qhov xwm ntawm tus Morocco kev sib hais haum

Muab qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov pejxeem (35 lab Moroccans) thiab lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub xeev (446.5 thous. Km ^2, tsis suav Western Sahara, los yog 710,8 thous. Km ^2, Yog hais tias muaj nyob rau hauv lub disputed ib ncig ntawm Morocco), xam cov kev ceev ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Morocco. Daim duab yog 70 cov neeg ib square kilometer, uas txo nws hwj lub xeev nyob rau hauv ib tug kab, piv txwv li, Iraq, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Kenya thiab Qhab Meem teb.

Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub poob ntawm lub xeev, yuav luag tso nyob twj ywm sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj cheeb tsam, nyob qhov twg cov kev ceev ntawm pejxeem NW nyuam qhuav nce mus txog 1-2 cov neeg ib square kilometer. Ib nrab ntawm Moroccans nyob rau hauv lub zos, qhov loj tshaj plaws uas yog:

1. Casablanca - lub feem ntau populous nroog thiab coob chaw nres nkoj. Nyob rau hauv lub tsam nyob luag 10% ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub xeev.
2. Rabat - cov kev cai thiab muaj chaw ntawm Morocco. Lub nroog pejxeem yog 1.6 lab cov neeg.
3. Marrakech - lub imperial nroog, plaub loj tshaj plaws nyob Morocco.
4. Fez - tus hlob ntawm cov imperial lub zos, qhov loj tshaj plaws center ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm teb chaws Africa.

Number of chaw nrog pejxeem los ntawm 10 mus rau 100 txhiab. Cov neeg yog sai ua nyob rau hauv Morocco.

Txoj Haujlwm Ua ntawm cov pejxeem nyob ntawm seb lub zos ntawm lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv lub zos, ntau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam sector (nyob rau hauv tag nrho 45% ntawm cov pejxeem), nyob rau hauv uas nyob deb nroog qhov chaw yog koom nyob rau hauv cultivation ntawm tus grain thiab lwm yam cov qoob loo, citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov ua liaj ua teb sector ntiav txog 40% ntawm Moroccans.

Cov haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm Morocco

Morocco - nws yog tus thib peb feem ntau populous as lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem (60%) yog cov koom pheej, raws li lub teb chaws yog lub tsev mus rau 40% ntawm cov Berbers - lub xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub hauv paus txawm. Ib tug me me feem pua yog Europeans (mas Fabkis, Spanish, Portuguese) thiab cov neeg Yudais.

Cov kev cai dab qhuas muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pejxeem

Morocco hais tias Islam lub xeev kev ntseeg, uas yog professed los ntawm 98,7% ntawm cov pejxeem. Ib tug me me feem ntawm cov pejxeem yog Christian adherents (1.1%) los yog cov neeg Yudais (0.2%). Islamic txoj cai tswj los ntawm cov huab tais, thiab cov kev cai dab qhuas kev txiav txim rau lawv tus kheej yuav ua tsis tau qhov kev kawm ntawm kev cai kho kom zoo.

Cov pejxeem ntawm Morocco yog txaus kev cai dab qhuas, tab sis tsis tau raws li tag nrho cov kev cai dab qhuas tshuaj. Piv txwv li, ib tug loj ib feem ntawm cov pejxeem pom Ramadan, tab sis tsis tso dej cawv (xws li thaum lub sij hawm Lent). Los ntawm txoj kev, haus dej cawv cai easing, tsau nyob rau PatientsÕ theem, yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau ntawm txawv teb chaws uas nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm Morocco.

Kwm koom ntawm Moroccans

Cov pejxeem ntawm Morocco hais tias nyob rau hauv ob official lus - Arabic ntaub ntawv thiab ib tug ntawm cov Berber dialects (haiv neeg hais lus, muaj ntau ntawm 15 mus rau 18 lab, uas yog 50-65% ntawm cov pejxeem ..). Moroccan lub suab hais lus ntawm Arabic yog hais.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov Fabkis - ib tug heev prestigious lus, thiab lub thib ob rau ntau cov pej xeem ntawm lub xeev. Fabkis yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov lag luam, tsoom fwv, thiab kev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb cheeb tsam thiab nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Fez, ntau hais lus Mev, raws li zoo raws li ib tug thib ob hom lus ntau thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas yuav xaiv lus Askiv.