Ntuj Reserve ntawm lub Leningrad Thaj av

Lub ntuj lub ntiaj teb ntawm lub Leningrad cheeb tsam yog tawm nyob rau hauv cov xwm, thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv nws cov attractions thiab kev zoo nkauj uas yog tiag tiag nuj nqi heev. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm uas peb yuav tham txog tej kev tiv thaiv chaw ntawm lub Leningrad cheeb tsam.

Lub paj system

Tej chaw uas zoo heev yog nyob los ntawm cov 570 txhiab. Hectares thiab account rau txog li 6% ntawm tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm thaj av ntawd. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho xws li chaw nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad cheeb tsam - 40, cov uas tsuas 2 yog ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws tseem ceeb - yog Nizhne-Svirsky Xwm Reserve Leningrad cheeb tsam thiab cia "Mshinskaya hav iav."

Tsib tshwj xeeb kev tiv thaiv aav. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv lub txheej xwm ntawm nraum uas yog thoob ntiaj teb txoj hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw, kev kawm tshwj xeeb ntxiv tiv thaiv hom. Nws twb qhia los tiv thaiv qhov zoo tshaj ntawm Waterfowl vaj tse.

pawg PA

PAS nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad cheeb tsam yog muab faib mus rau hauv lub ntsiab pawg:

1. Xwm Guard nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg thiab Leningrad cheeb tsam.
2. Chaw ua si, tsim los ntawm cov xwm.
3. Reserves.
4. Ntuj monuments.

Tag nrho cov kev tiv thaiv thaj chaw - reserves ntawm St. Petersburg thiab cov Leningrad cheeb tsam - txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam los ntawm tej yam ntxwv, xws li:

1. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim ib qho chaw.
2. Cheeb Tsam.
3. Environmental kev cai.
4. Qhov kuaj pom los yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab lwm tus neeg.

PA siab tshaj plaws qeb

Yog hais tias tus kwv ntawm kev tiv thaiv yog cov tag nrho tej yam ntuj tso systems, tag nrho cov reserves ntawm St. Petersburg thiab Leningrad cheeb tsam yuav mus rau lub siab tshaj plaws qeb ntawm qhov chaw tiv thaiv. Nws yuav tsum muaj ib tug scientific neeg ua hauj lwm thiab, raws li, lub xeev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, koj yuav tsis koom nyob rau hauv nyiaj txiag ua si. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj nruj kev txwv rau kev mus kawm ntawv. Raws li hais saum toj no, pawg no belongs Nizhnesvirsky Xwm Reserve.

Nizhnesvirsky Xwm Reserve

Nws yog tsim los nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj 1980. Koom haum los ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej-Reserve nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav khaws cia tus nplua nuj fauna nrog tsawg hom ntawm cov tsiaj uas twb muaj lawm nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm no cim lub cev ntawm cov dej raws li lub pas dej Ladoga, raws li zoo raws li:

• nws ntug dej hiav txwv;
• lwm tus ntoo muaj srednetaezhnom hom;
• hav iav;
• qhov chaw ntawm noog;
• spawning ntawm ntau yam hom ntses.

Nizhne-Svirsky - ib tug xwm zeem cia ntawm lub Leningrad cheeb tsam, nws qhov chaw nyob - Lodeynopolsky cheeb tsam. Lub cheeb tsam ntawm kev tiv thaiv cheeb tsam yog 41 txhiab. Hectares.

Qhia qhov tseemceeb txog ntawm lub zeem cia

Lub zeem cia lub ib ncig belongs rau lub nraum, lawv tseem yog thoob ntiaj teb tseem ceeb. Lawv nyob thiab zes luv Waterfowl. Qhov thib peb yog ib feem ntawm tus tiv thaiv cheeb tsam - ib tug swampy cheeb tsam, los yog tsuas yog - lub hav iav. Hais txog 20 txhiab. Hectares yog them los ntawm forests. Cov dej ntawm lub pas dej Ladoga belongs rau 5 txhiab. Hectares ntawm hav zoov av. Lub nyem ntawm lub zeem cia yog tiaj tus, muaj xuab zeb puam ridges thiab nraum downgrade. Ntuj Reserve ntawm lub Leningrad cheeb tsam yog yus muaj los ntawm podzolic xau, yeej los ntawm liaj-podzolic thiab los-peat. Muaj ib nyem uas peb pom niaj hnub no, yog tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ob yam tseem ceeb:

• lub melting ntawm lub Valdai glacier;
• Txheej txheem pas dej-alluvial txuam nrog.

Txoj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov cheeb tsam uas yog Nizhne-Svirsky cia, continental, nrog tus ntawm lub hiav txwv Baltic. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab lub caij ntuj no yog yeej los ntawm sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob cua, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab lub caij ntuj sov - lub sab qab teb-sab hnub poob. Inland lub cev ntawm cov dej tiv thaiv cheeb tsam, uas yog lub zeem cia ntawm lub Leningrad cheeb tsam - Segezha pas dej. Nws cheeb tsam ntawm 15 sq. km. Qhov loj tshaj qhov tob - 5 m, lub hauv qab yog zeb. Cov dej nyob rau hauv lub pas dej, txawm nws qhov chaw nyob ntawm cov mosses thiab swamps, ntshiab thiab kaj.

Cov coos dej Nizhnesvirsky Xwm Reserve - Segezha. Nws li nram no los ntawm tib lub pas dej. Dej nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj lub teeb, thiab ces nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas nws pub tau mov rau rau cov hav iav dej, thiab darkens mus rau lub qhov ncauj. Yeej, tag nrho cov reservoirs muaj lawv cov keeb kwm nyob rau hauv peat bogs, thiab yog li ntawd lawv muaj ib tug heev tsaus dej. Lub ntsiab reservoirs:

• Lake Ladoga;
• Lake Syarba;
• Bay Lahti.

Muaj Nizhne-Svirsky cia

Tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub zeem cia yog ntau tshaj li 1,300 hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ntau yam uas yog endangered thiab tsis tshua muaj. Txij li thaum Nizhne-Svirsky yog situated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub taiga siv, thiab cov nroj tsuag, uas yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov chaw ua si ntawm St. Petersburg thiab Leningrad cheeb tsam, raug ntawm ib tug nruab nrab taiga ntawm cov European ib feem ntawm Russia. Hais txog 80% ntawm tag nrho cov hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub tiv thaiv cheeb tsam - coniferous, nrog ib tug predominance ntawm cov ntoo thuv ntoo. Tab sis loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub Nizhne-Svirsky thiab me me-leaved ntoo xws li:

• birch (ntxuav thiab povislaja);
• Aspen (trembling poplar);
• Alder (grey thiab dub).

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, me me-leaved forests feem ntau muaj xws li undergrowth cov nram qab no cov ntoo thiab lov tas vau:

• buckthorn;
• viburnum;
• Rowan;
• txiv pos;
• dub Currant;
• txiv ntoo qab zib thiab lwm cov neeg.

Ntoo thuv xav zoo nyob rau hauv zeb xau. Nyob rau hauv ntau fertile pawg neeg thaj av yeej los ntawm spruce - European thiab Finnish. Herbal hav zoov cover yog heev neeg pluag, lov tas vau yeej cranberries thiab heather.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau saum toj-hais cov nroj tsuag, loj hlob, thiab lwm yam cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tus muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv, uas yog cov reserves ntawm lub Leningrad cheeb tsam. Ib daim ntawv ntawm cov nroj tsuag:

• cov plaub hau nyom;
• bracken;
• rosemary;
• blueberries;
• blueberries;
• Lily ntawm cov hav;
• fern;
• Myrtle Marsh li al.

Qhov nruab nrab muaj hnub nyoog ntawm lub ntoo thuv forests ntawm kev tiv thaiv tej qhov chaw yog hais txog 85 xyoo, spruce - txog 100 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv muab tsis cuag txiav qhov chaw mus nrhiav tau thiab hav zoov chaw ntau tshaj muaj hnub nyoog - txog 200 xyoo.

Nraum, xws li lowland Ladoga pas dej them nrog reeds. Tsis raws li nraum willow hlob massively. Nws yog:

• aquifolium;
• triandra;
• blackish;
• filikolistnuyu li al.

Nyob rau hauv lig lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg forests ntawm lub zeem cia abound nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm nceb yog:

• dawb mushroom;
• boletus;
• kev kwv yees ntawm qhov chaw;
• greasers li al.

Ib txhia hom fungi no muaj nyob rau hauv lub Red Book: osinovik dawb cortinarius ntshav, polushnik bristly thiab lwm tus neeg.

ntses

Nyob rau hauv tus dej ntws thiab pas dej ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv cheeb tsam inhabited los ntawm 34 hom sib txawv ntawm cov ntses. Yeej nws yog ib tug suborder ntawm bony, ntawm lawv yog ntses ua npua. Nyob rau hauv kev, nyob rau hauv qhov dej ntawm tus Ladoga ringed foob pom, thiab ntses nteg qe rau nram qab no nyob rau hauv Svir Bay:

1. Pike.
2. Bream.
3. Sudak.
4. Sabrefish.
5. Nqaj ntoo.
6. Rudd.
7. Asp.
8. Roach li al.

Ntawm txawv txawv ntses sticklebacks yuav tau muab sau tseg: lub peb- thiab nine-.

Lub fauna ntawm lub Nizhne-Svirsky cia

Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad cheeb tsam yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj ntiaj teb no. Cia li Nizhnesvirsky kaw 348 hom vertebrates. Qhov ntau ntawm cov tsiaj qus yog ncaj qha mus txuas nrog rau cov toj roob hauv pes thiab tej nroj tsuag. Hauv qab no yog cov Leningrad thaj av, tsiaj cia, hav zoov-tsev thiab tsis tau tsuas yog:

1. Xim av Xyooj.
2. Ya nas.
3. Mos.
4. Hma.
5. Hma liab.
6. Mink.
7. Npua teb.
8. Tus ntshuab.
9. Rys.
10. Wolverine thiab al.

Tag nrho cov tsiaj kaw nyob rau hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev txog 44 hom. Qhov loj tshaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm nas - 17, txhom - 13. Nws yog tseeb hais tias cov welfare ntawm cov tsiaj qus yog ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm nas, vim hais tias nws yog cov khoom noj. Cov nas tsiaj yog cov sib txawv nyob rau hauv loj, lawv yog:

1. Ordinary protein.
2. Muskrat.
3. Bank vole.
4. Nas-tus me nyuam thiab lwm yam

Feathered Reserve Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Leningrad cheeb tsam muaj ntau tshaj li 250 hom. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub tiv thaiv cheeb tsam ib ntus, thaum lub sij hawm cov noog ua zes lub caij los yog migrations. Co muaj cov noog uas yog muab teev raws li endangered, lawv yog:

1. Dawb-tailed dav dawb hau.
2. Osprey.
3. Dub Stork.
4. Filin.
5. Fritillaria.
6. Capercaillie.
7. Grey Crane et al.

Ntuj guard Leningrad cheeb tsam muaj ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm cov tsiaj reptiles. Cov feem ntau viper thiab peb hom ntawm lizards.

Rau hnub tim, lub Nizhne-Svirsky cia tsim ob peb neeg mus ncig tebchaws tseem khiav, extending los ntawm 6 mus rau 40 km. Ib tug ntawm lawv - cov dej, thiab tus so ko taw. Tseem khiav mus muab lub sijhawm los saib thiab txaus siab rau txhua yam zoo nkauj ntawm lub Leningrad cheeb tsam, thiab txaus siab rau tus tshiab thiab huv si huab cua deb ntawm tej kev loj thiab factories.