Nthuav theem ntawm lub neej thiab kev ua hauj lwm cov ntse heev: Pushkin Lyceum me nyuam kawm ntawv (1811-1817 biennium).

Tsarskoye selo Lyceum , tsis muaj exaggeration, yuav hu ua lub melting lauj kaub, qhov twg nws kiag li forged thiab honed txuj ci AS Pushkin. Thiab nws tsis yog hais tias cov phab ntsa hauv qhov chaw no thawj kwv huam tau sau, thiab tsis txawm nyob rau hauv lub fact tias no nws tau pom los ntawm ib tug naas ej Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv Gavriil Derzhavin.

Tsarskoye selo yog tias tus menyuam txaj hauv qhov chaw uas yuav nrhiav tau thiab tsim cov cwm pwm ntawm Alexander, qhov uas nws tsim nws tus kheej raws li ib tug kws sau paj lug. Pushkin Lyceum tub ntxhais kawm ntawv tom qab hloov nws style, tab sis nco ntsoov txog cov tub ntxhais hluas xyoo nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb warmth.

Yog vim li cas Tsarskoye selo?

Pushkin yog ib tug yooj yim tub hluas, tab sis vim hais tias nws niam thiab txiv tau yuam kom ua tib zoo xav txog ntxiv kev kawm ntawv thiab kev kawm nws tus tub nyob rau hauv tej nruj thiab nce tsev kawm ntawv. Thiab ces cia li sawv tawm lub ntees. Alexander kuv txiav txim siab los "Unearth lub palace Tsaritsyno" rau cov tub cov nom tswv cajceg, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav cob qhia lawv "educated thiab loyal cov tub qhe ntawm lub xeev." Kuv autocrat txawm xav kom muab rau nws ib privileged tsev nyob rau hauv pej xeem nrog tub huabtais zoo. Txoj kev kawm pab cuam tau tau ua tib zoo xav tawm, caw qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov xib fwb lub sij hawm - piv txwv li, A. Kunitsyn thiab A. Galich. Yog li, Pushkin Lyceum me nyuam kawm ntawv tau txais ib qho zoo heev all-round kev kawm ntawv.

Tsiv mus St. Petersburg

Sai li sai tau raws li cov niam txiv ntawm 12-xyoo-laus tub pom txog tom ntej qhib ntawm lub Lyceum, lawv xa nws tus tub nyob rau hauv txoj kev. Pushkin los ntawm Moscow rau St. Petersburg coj nws tus txiv ntxawm - ib tug kws sau paj lug thiab txawj sau ntawv Vasiliy Lvovich Pushkin.

Incidentally, nws mus rau tus capital, tsis yog mus coj nws lawm tub, tab sis kuj yuav qhia mus rau lub editor nws polemical ua hauj lwm. Thaum Alexander twb npaj rau kev nkag piab, nws nyob rau hauv nws tus txiv ntxawm lub tsev. Vasiliy Lvovich muaj nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais kws sau paj lug ib co cawv, nyob rau hauv particular, instilled nyob rau hauv nws ib tug ironic cwj pwm mus rau cov neeg uas canonical Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Pushkin Lyceum tub ntxhais kawm ntawv sau nws thawj thawj kwv huam nyob rau hauv lub dawb style, uas ua rau lub tswv yim ntawm free intimate sib tham. Nws apt epigrams muaj kev cuam tshuam tus mob siab rau Walter Fabkis thiab lwm yam "liberals".

Friendship Pushkin lyceum

Sasha, raws li ib qho qhib thiab sociable me nyuam tub, nws tam sim ntawd ua phooj ywg nrog rau lwm cov me nyuam kawm ntawv. Nws tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov phooj ywg nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Ib txhia ntawm lawv kuj tau raug tej txiaj ntsim nrog kev sau ntawv txuj ci. Delvig, Gorchakov, Kiichelbecker, Leo thiab lwm tus tau pib mus sim tus cwj mem, luam tawm phau ntawv (tseem handwritten), tsim ib lub voj voog ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Thiab Alexander kuv, thiab niam txiv Pushkin yuam kev: kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv twb tsis loj heev, thiab ntawm nws cov phab ntsa tuaj tsis loyal cov tub qhe ntawm lub zwm txwv thiab txoj kev ywj pheej-hlub pej xeem. Lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis tau kaw: nws twb tau mus rau Tsarskoye selo. Yog li ntawd, Vyazemsky, Zhukovsky, Karamzin, Chaadaev, Rajewski, Kaverin thiab lwm leej lwm tus kuj tau ntsib thiab los ua ze rau cov hluas txuj ci. Cov phooj ywg ntawm Pushkin - Lyceum me nyuam kawm ntawv, sau ntawv los yog tsuas yog kawm ntawv tub ceev xwm - tau rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug ib lasting feem.

Rau xyoo kawm tau dhau sai sai, tab sis twb heev fruitful. Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no, Pushkin Lyceum tub ntxhais kawm ntawv sau yuav luag 120 cov kwv huam thiab pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ua rau nws nto moo zaj paj huam "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila". Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoos, nws luam tawm nws thawj hauj lwm - "Yuav kom ib tug phooj ywg", "dreamer", "Ntaus knight." "Memoirs nyob rau hauv Tsarskoye selo" tau sau npe ib tug zaj paj huam sau rau lub sij hawm tuaj txog ntawm cov tub ntxhais Derzhavin. Thiab epic style Ode rau lub hauv paus rau cov tub ntxhais tau muab tau yooj yim.