Nthuav Biology. Yog vim li cas fungi thiab cov kab mob no yog hu ua yeeb ncuab?

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, muaj ntau ntau yam thiaj li hu ua zaub mov chains. Ib txhia tsiaj txhu noj nroj tsuag. Lwm tus - lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm cov kab mob uas haus tsob nroj khoom noj. Thiab cov neeg, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav pub cov neeg. Tab sis txhua yam muaj sia puas tau los ib lub sij hawm, yog li txoj kev xwm yog.

Ntuj kev cai lij choj tshiab

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, xav txog tej yam yog tias tus kab mob no muaj nyob mus ib txhis? Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm ntev dhau los nws yuav muaj tshwm sim overpopulation, uas coj mus rau ib tug tsis muaj kev ruaj khov fais fab mov, raws li tau zoo raws li rau lub ntiaj teb no tej pa phem. Yog li ntawd, raws li cov kev cai uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub biosphere, tag nrho cov uas muaj sia nyob yog yug, loj hlob tuaj, tawm hauv qab cov xeeb ntxwv txawj laus txawj tuag. Ib tug biosphere li tshiab txhua txhua ob!

Kingdoms ntawm qhov: cov nroj tsuag, tsiaj txhu, fungi, cov kab mob,

Lawv muaj tag nrho cov muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv no tsim nyog thiab kuas ncig ntawm tshuaj. Thiab thaum muaj kab mob tsis tu tsis tseg rau livelihoods, lub teev ntawm lub decomposition ntawm qhov teeb meem mus rau hauv lub Cheebtsam. Thiab qhov no mus rau cov kev pab ntawm qhov xwm heev tuaj cov kab mob thiab fungi. Yog vim li cas fungi thiab cov kab mob no yog hu ua yeeb ncuab? Cov tswvyim no yuav tau ncaj qha mus txog rau lawv cov kev ua ub no.

saprophytes

Yog li ntawd ncav yog cov kab mob uas lawv siv lawv hwj chim ntawm cov nuj nqis ntawm qhov seem ntawm lwm yam tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag. Yeej, no muaj xws li cov kab mob thiab fungi. Lawv decompose tuag cev nqaij daim tawv nyob rau hauv lub "qhov twg los" - yooj yim inorganic tebchaw, ib txoj lw ntsiab, uas xwm los tsim kom tau lawv mus rau hauv tshiab kab mob los yog kev siv uas twb muaj lawm lub hwj chim. Uas yog vim li cas lub fungi thiab cov kab mob no yog hu ua yeeb ncuab. Tab sis lawv decompose cov kev ua ub coj ntau pab tshaj raug mob.

Ntiaj teb no tsis saprophytes

Xav txog tej yam dab tsi yuav tshwm sim yog tias tus kab mob no thiab fungi tsis ua tuag hlwb? Lub neej nws tus kheej xav tej zaum suffocated nyob rau hauv lub teev ua txheej ntawm tuag seem. Ib tug saprophytes, nqa khoom noj khoom haus, xws li "siv" tuag ntaub so ntswg, ua raws li orderlies los yog janitors, pab tu ruaj recycle pov tseg. Uas yog vim li cas lub fungi thiab cov kab mob no yog hu ua yeeb ncuab, pov tseg ntawm qhov seem ntawm tuag kab mob. Tam sim no pov thawj ncav zoo ntxim ntawm no lub ntiaj teb lom txheej txheem rau cov ib puag ncig.

Nthuav Biology: cov kab mob, fungi, cov nroj tsuag - saprophytes

Tus heev notion yog muab los ntawm Greek thiab muab tau los ntawm ob lo lus "lwj" thiab "cov nroj tsuag". Yuav ua li cas tus kab mob no yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau qhov no pab pawg neeg?

• Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov no, muaj ntau yam kab mob. Lawv decompose organic teeb meem, yuav ua lwj zaub mov, koom nyob rau hauv lub mineralization thiab nitrogen fixation. Thiab txawm ib co kab mob nqis sis plawv hniav tsim hydrocarbons. Ib txhia kab mob yog tshwj xeeb yog xav tau mus rau lub substrate: siv raws li cov khoom noj xwb tej hom ntawm cov organic teeb meem (xws li, khoom noj siv mis). Lwm tus yog yuav luag omnivorous thiab muaj peev xwm pub ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov organic tebchaw: alcohols, cov nqaijrog, carbohydrates thiab acids.
• Qhov no pab pawg neeg yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau ntau loj nceb. Tom qab straw thiab humus, nplooj, quav, plaub, tshuab raj tau poob thiab ntau pab lawv raws li ib tug substrate nrog cov as-ham. Honey agaric lub caij ntuj sov, feem ntau yog nyob rau qhov seem ntawm nplooj thiab ntoo, thiab tsis muaj tseeb nceb raug xaiv conifers. Dawb kab muaj nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw nplua nuj nyob rau hauv nitrogen. Ib tug me me fungi saprophytes lwj tib neeg cov zaub mov, ua rau nws tsis zoo. Muaj ntau fungi nkag mus rau hauv symbiosis nrog ntau dua cov nroj tsuag, ub lawv pov tseg rau hauv cov zaub mov, uas muaj peev xwm noj cov nroj tsuag los ntawm cov av. Qhov no tus txheej txheem yog nrog pab thiab yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub heev npe tej zaum fungi: boletus, Boletus. Group fungi txhom, uas pub on me me kab, conventionally tej zaum kuj yuav raug xa mus rau saprophytes. Vim hais tias thaum tsis muaj nyob prey, lawv muaj peev xwm pub rau tuag organic teeb meem.
• Muaj saprophytes thiab cov fauna. Cov muaj xws li: sundew, mistletoe, dodder, piv txwv li.

Tam sim no koj paub yog vim li cas lub fungi thiab cov kab mob no yog hu ua yeeb ncuab (feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv lub siab lawv zoo luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm). Tag nrho saprophytes thiab saprophagous "lub luag hauj lwm" rau lub ncig ntawm tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub biosphere thiab pov tseg ntawm tuag kab mob, tsis muaj uas, tej zaum, lub ntiaj chaw yuav tsum nyob ua ib ke.