Neonatal daj ntseg - ib tug pathology los yog cov cai?

Cov tsos ntawm daj ntseg nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos cov me nyuam mos yog txuam nrog nce ntshav ntawm cov xim bilirubin. Physiologic daj ntseg feem ntau tshwm sim 24-36 teev tom qab yug tus me nyuam, thiab nce mus txog nws tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub thib peb los yog thib plaub hnub ntawm nws lub neej. Nws zoo li yog vim cov kev puas tsuaj ntawm erythrocytes muaj me nyuam hauv plab hemoglobin, thiaj li hu ua - nyob rau hauv hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov me nyuam hauv plab ntshav. Tom qab yug tus me nyuam tus me nyuam mos tsis tsim nyog, thiab lawv cev qhuav dej, li no ua ib tug thiaj li hu ua dawb (indirect) bilirubin - insoluble, tshuaj lom. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias nce nyob rau hauv bilirubin cai nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov me nyuam mos, tab sis lub physiological daj ntseg - tsuas yog 60-70%. Ntxov ntxov cov me nyuam mos nws tshwm sim ib tug ntau ntau ntau thiab ntev, thiab bilirubin theem muaj feem ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub degree ntawm kom loj hlob ntawm lub fetus, qhov no qhia muaj feem xyuam rau tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cev xeeb tub - namely, lub neej ntawm ib leej niam nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no ntau yam kab mob.

Vim tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev tshuaj tshua indirect bilirubin yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv ib tug ncaj kab, uas yog tsis muaj teeb meem rau lub cev thiab tas nyob hauv cov kua tsib thiab zis. Nws yog qhov no feem ntawm bilirubin muab daj txheej week, daim tawv nqaij thiab sclera. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam cov me nyuam mos muaj ib yam kev coj li hluas ntawm enzyme systems, ua nyob rau hauv lub feem ntawm bilirubin los ntawm lub cev yog qeeb. Txawm li cas los, lub physiological daj ntseg ib ob peb hnub tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv huab mob - lub lis piam, lub cev tiv rau ntawm lawv tus kheej, thiab txhua yam los rov qab mus rau qub. Cov kev mob ntawm tus me nyuam muaj feem ntau tsis cuam tshuam. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb tus neeg mob, nrog heev thiab mob mob daj ntseg, tus kws kho mob yuav muab tshuaj rau ib tug tshwj xeeb kho: lawv noog nyob rau hauv lub cev, lub bilirubin yog tau muaj ib tug tshuaj lom nyhuv, tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv lub paj hlwb.

Txawm li cas los, ib co me nyuam mos cai lub thiaj li hu ua pathological daj ntseg. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub physiological, feem ntau tsis yuav tsum tau kev kho mob thiab dua rau lawv tus kheej, nws hais tias lub cev impaired secretion los yog feem ntawm bilirubin. Qhov no hom ntawm daj ntseg yog feem ntau cai nyob yug los yog nyob rau hauv thawj lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej, thiab tsis tshwm sim tom qab ib co sij hawm, raws li cov neonatal daj ntseg. Yog vim li cas tej zaum nws yuav ua tau ib tug kev tshuaj ntsuam genetic enzyme deficiency, hypothyroidism, hemolytic kab mob ntawm tus me nyuam mos, congenital mob ntawm carbohydrate metabolism. Yuav kom daj sclera thiab daim tawv nqaij kuj ua congenital kab mob siab, biliary ducts artreziya. Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv kab mob thiab tej yam kev mob yuav tsum tau tam sim ntawd tus kws pab tswv yim thiab kev kho mob, thiab ib co - thiab phais.

Cov niam txiv yuav tsum tau alerted yog hais tias tus me nyuam, uas yog tam sim no, txawm, neonatal daj ntseg, yuav sluggish thiab lethargic, tsis noj mov thiab nkag mus rau hauv ceeb thawj. Nws yog tsim nyog los tham ib tug kws kho mob sai li sai tau thiab yog hais tias tus me nyuam cov zis yuav tsaus ntuj nti nyob rau hauv cov xim, thiab cov quav muaj teeb heev. Thaum lub sij hawm ntev daj ntseg yog feem ntau muab ib tug daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas rau ascertain yog vim li cas rau nws: ib tug tag nrho cov ntshav count thiab kev ntsuam xyuas kom pab tau koj txiav txim seb lub theem nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm bilirubin thiab nws cov fractions, ultrasound ntawm lub plab mog, tus kws phais soj ntsuam, thiab lwm yam ...

Neonatal daj ntseg, yog tias tsim nyog, kho lub sij hawm cov tshuaj ntaus cev thiab choleretic agents, infusions ntawm ascorbic acid thiab piam thaj tov. Txawm li cas los, qhov zoo tshaj txoj kev los sai sai nrog no mob - Phototherapy, raug ntawm daim tawv nqaij me nyuam tshwj xeeb teeb. Nws yog txawm, thiab daj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yuav siv qhov chaw ua ntej peb ob lub qhov muag, raws li bilirubin lov thaum raug mus rau lub teeb. Physiologic daj ntseg disappears sai npaum li cas, yog tias nqa tawm nrog tus me nyuam cov sij hawm ntau rau hauv txoj kev.

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias kev pub niam mis yuav pab tau tshem ntawm cov physiological daj ntseg nyob rau hauv lub luv luv lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los, tej zaum (txog 15% ntawm cov neeg), yog daj sclera thiab daim tawv nqaij los ntawm ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv yog lub cev tus me nyuam rau leej niam cov kua mis. Qhov no muaj sia neonatal daj ntseg, uas kho mob, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, tsis muaj sib txawv los ntawm lwm tus neeg mob, nws yuav tsum tau, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, weaning ib tug ob peb hnub.

Yog li, neonatal daj ntseg feem ntau yog tsis txaus ntshai, tab sis nws muaj peev xwm kuj qhia tias cov muaj ib tug me nyuam ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob thiab pathologies. Muab kev tsim nyog kho mob yuav tsuas yuav ib txog tej kev, tom qab ib tug ncauj lus kom ntxaws kev soj ntsuam ntawm tus me nyuam.