Myxedema: ua thiab cov tsos mob, kev kho mob. thyroid kab mob

Cov thyroid caj pas - ib tug tseem ceeb khoom hauv nrog cev ntawm lub endocrine. Nws lub ntsiab muaj nuj nqi yog los tsim ib qho tshuaj hormones (triiodothyronine, thyroxine), uas tswj cov metabolism hauv tib neeg lub cev thiab muaj feem xyuam rau tag nrho cov tshuab ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, peb xav txog ib tug kab mob raws li myxedema. Ua thiab cov tsos mob yuav tau piav.

Yuav ua li cas yog myxedema?

Thyroid kab mob ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ob lub syndromes. Qhuav ntawm cov tshuaj hormones yuav nce - ib tug syndrome ntawm hyperthyroidism. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau cov tseem ceeb yog kev txo ntawm lub qog cov tshuaj hormones, nws yog hu ua Congenital hypothyroidism.

Myxedema - huab degree ntawm hypothyroidism. Qhov no mob yog yus muaj los ntawm o ntawm lub qog ua kua ntswg. Vim tsis muaj cov thyroid hormones nyob rau hauv cov nqaij noog polysaccharide residues uas nyiam dej. Fabrics heev yog lawm ua tus sau nrog dej, thiab npaj mucosal edema.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov ua rau ntawm myxedema?

Myxedema yuav tshwm sim thaum twg los tau muaj hnub nyoog. Cov poj niam txom nyem los ntawm tus kab mob no ntau dua li cov txiv neej, qhov tshwm sim ntawm myxedema lawv feem ntau nrog lawm. Ntawm kev tseem ceeb yog hypothyroidism nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos thiab cov me nyuam yaus. Vim lub slowing ntawm metabolism yog cuam tshuam thiab lub cev txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam lub psyche. Yog hais tias hypothyroidism yog innate (nrog aplasia los yog hypoplasia ntawm lub prostate) thiab tsis kho, yog cretinism - ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv ntawm kev puas hlwb ruamqauj nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam.

Nyob rau hauv neeg laus myxedema ua raug mob cov thyroid caj pas - hypothyroidism yog hu ua tus thawj. Txawm li cas los, cov ua hauj lwm ntawm lub pituitary caj pas ntawm lwm yam uas los ntawm TSH - thyroid-stimulating lawm. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias tus ua hauj lwm yog ntxhov pituitary (qog ntshav teeb meem, kev poob plig, congenital kab mob) tshwm sim theem nrab hypothyroidism. Heev tsawg Tertiary hypothyroidism tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum cai ntawm cov hypothalamus ua hauj lwm.

Thaum tus kab mob "myxedema" ua thiab cov tsos mob ua ke.

Yog li, lub ntsiab ua rau myxedema nram qab no:

• atrophic dab nyob rau hauv lub qog;
• o ntawm lub prostate caj pas (thyroiditis);
• o;
• kev poob plig;
• tshem tawm ntawm lub prostate ntaub so ntswg (phais rau cov kev kho mob ntawm hyperthyroidism);
• hluav taws xob kis;
• kev kho mob ntawm iodine radionuclides;
• tsis muaj iodine los ntawm khoom noj khoom haus;
• noj tej yam tshuaj (amiodarone, corticosteroids, tireostatiki);
• kis kab mob (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cev xeeb tub cov poj niam);
• lub hlwb raug mob thiab kab mob thiab lwm tus neeg.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tej zaum nws yuav tsim myxedema. Ua thiab cov tsos mob yog ib qho tseem ceeb thaum xaiv ib tug kho mob.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov tsos mob nrog myxedema?

Txij li thaum cov thyroid hormones cuam tshuam tag nrho cov tshuab ntawm lub cev, thiab tej kev tshwm sim ntawm myxedema yog ntau haiv neeg.

Rau hauv loj heev tsis muaj peev xwm ntawm lub qog cov tshuaj hormones ib tug neeg acquires ib tug yam ntxwv zoo li - tsim "myxedema lub ntsej muag." Ntsej muag edema, o yog feem ntau cov lus hais nyob rau hauv daim tawv muag, daim di ncauj. Cov tawv nqaij yog daj ntseg, muaj ib tug jaundiced, txias mus rau lub kov, dhas tawm, muaj yog tsis pob muag, cov plaub muag thiab plaub hau nyob rau hauv nws lub taub hau. Cuam tshuam ntawm lub ntsej muag nqaij - fim tshais, nws yog tsis muaj ab tsi zoo.

Lub paj hlwb yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub siab hloov. Taw ua uncoordinated, listless. Muaj yog ib tug muaj kev nyuaj siab. Tsis ntaub ntawv yog dab tsi los ntawm sab nraum, Cia li hnov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov txheej xwm los yog tsis muaj ab tsi. Cim nkees nkees, txo nco thiab xim. Hais lus tsis meej thiab braked.

Cim hloov mus hloov los nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab, feem ntau yog downward. Disrupted lub plawv mob, txo lub plawv dhia - tsim "myxedema lub plawv." Amazed thiab digestive system - muaj mob cem quav, teeb ntawm lub cev muaj zog ua si ntawm lub biliary ib ntsuj av.

Mucosal edema tsim.

Txo pa peev xwm ntawm lub ntsws, uas ua nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm muaj cov pw tsaug zog apnea. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntsws feem ntau nws accumulates kua uas tseem cuam tshuam ua tsis taus pa. Qhov no tshwm sim yog hu ua "myxedema poliserozita".

Txawm tias ib tug txo nyob rau hauv qab los noj mov, tus neeg mob myxedema muaj rog, ntshav roj uas txhaws taus yog txiav txim. Tsis hnov lus zoo, muaj yog txhaws qa, impaired qhov ntswg ua tsis taus pa. Feem ntau tsim anemia vim hlau tsis muaj peev xwm los yog folic acid. Ces koj xav tau ib tug zoo endocrinologist.

Cov poj niam feem ntau cuam tshuam cev ntas, txo fertility thiab libido. Tshwm sim kev mob caj dab, cov pob txha nqaij yog depleted nyob rau hauv poov hlau, li ntawd, ib qho yooj yim mus tsim cov pob txha lov. Nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam lagging qab nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob piv nrog lawv cov phooj ywg.

Yuav ua li cas hom ntawm kev tshawb fawb yog nqa tawm ntxiv?

Ib tug zoo endocrinologist twb nyob rau hauv tsos tus neeg mob yuav yog ib tug mob myxedema. Txawm li cas los, hais cov ua ntawm tus kab mob, raws li tau zoo raws li lub ntsiab txhais ntawm tactics ntawm kev kho mob yog tsim nyog los ua kev cai ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb. Mob ntawm myxedema nyob rau hauv kev yog tsis yooj yim.

Cais lub ntsiab thiab tej koom haum diagnostic txoj kev. Basic txoj kev yuav ntes myxedema, thiab pab txoj kev yuav siv los mus nrhiav kom tau qhov ua rau thiab qhia ntxiv rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no.

Rau daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas muaj peev xwm mus saib tau hauv lub chaw nyob nram no: Moscow, txoj kev Dmitry Ulyanov, 11. koom haum ntawm endocrinology ua raws li nram no diagnostic cov txheej txheem:

1. Basic:

• ib tug soj ntsuam kev xeem los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob, ib tug endocrinologist;
• cov ntshav mus kuaj rau TSH thiab dawb lub thyroxine.

2. Accessories:

• Thyroid ultrasound;
• scintigraphy nrog radioisotopes;
• thyroid cov ntaub so ntswg me;
• nrhiav kom tau cov kev tshuaj rau cov thyroid hlwb.

Implying lub txhua ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb?

Nkag yog pheej yig endocrinologist.

Tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas, palpates thiab mloog mus rau lub hauv nruab nrog cev (lub plawv, lub ntsws). cov tsos mob piav saum toj no yuav zoo heev pab tus kws kho mob nyob rau hauv lub diagnostic nrhiav.

Qhov tsom xam qhia ib tug thawj ntawm cov ntshav ntau ntau cov free thyroxine, tiam sis feem ntau ho nce nrhiav kom tau ntawm TSH. Faib subclinical hypothyroidism, uas yog tsis nrog los ntawm tej yam tsos mob thiab yog kuaj ntau zaus los ntawm kev huam yuaj. Nws nce qib ntawm TSH yog thawj "tswb tswb" nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub kev loj hlob ntawm hypothyroidism thiab myxedema nyob rau hauv particular.

ultrasound

Thyroid ultrasound tso cai visualization ntawm txawv tsim nyob rau hauv prostate cov ntaub so ntswg (ntshav, qog calcification). Qhov no yog xam tias yog ib qho yooj yim los mus siv thiab kuj pheej yig thaum nws tuav txaus. Yog hais tias pom myxedema, kev kho mob yuav tsum tau tam sim ntawd.

scintigraphy

Lub essence ntawm lub radionuclide scintigraphy yog cov kev taw qhia ntawm tej isotopes ntawm iodine intravenously thiab kev luj xyuas ntawm nws txuam nyob rau hauv lub qog nqaij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv nws cov kev faib thiab nws clearance. Yog hais tias lub ultrasound tus kws kho mob yuav soj ntsuam tsuas yog tus qauv ntawm lub caj pas, nws yog Kwv yees nws txoj kev ua scintigraphy. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug kab mob "myxedema", ces tus neeg no feem ntau yog cim los ntawm ib tug txo txuam nrog ntawm iodine npaj lub zos los yog diffuse. Ntxiv nta siv tus qauv no yog kwv yees li tam sim no kev kho mob los ntawm ntau yam mob cancer kab mob.

me

Ib tug me ntawm lub qog caj pas yuav zauv ib daim ntaub nrog tshwj xeeb koob rau me. Tom qab, nws yog raug me me thiab histochemical kev tshawb fawb. Qhov no tso cai rau koj kom paub tias cov ntau yam kab mob ntawm lub cellular theem thiab kom paub txog lub qog txheej txheem.

Kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thyroid cov ntaub so ntswg acquires nws tseem ceeb thaum muaj yog tsis muaj khees vim li cas myxedema. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub hais tias nyob rau hauv ib txwm thyroid caj pas tsis yog tus tsim tsim ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov nqaijrog, vim hais tias cov tsawg txheej ntawm connective cov ntaub so ntswg. Tab sis nyob rau hauv ib co kab mob ntawm cov tshuaj ntsiav nws yuav thinner, thiab cov kua ntswg nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov qe ntshav. Li ntawd, cov antibody ua los ntawm prostate hlwb, uas inhibit nws muaj nuj nqi, tsis muaj kev hloov cov qauv.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov kev kho mob ntawm myxedema?

Tau txais ib qho endocrinologist ua ntej pib txoj kev kho yog yuav tsum tau.

Kev kho mob myxedema uncomplicated thiab yog hormone hloov txoj kev kho lub hom phiaj. Txawm li cas los, yuav tsum paub hais tias mus rau restore cov nuj nqi ntawm lub caj pas nws tus kheej yog feem ntau tsis tau, yog li ntawd, cov thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj yog yuav tsum tau thiab lub neej. Improvement nyob rau hauv lub mob no tshwm sim tom qab 2-3 lub lim piam ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm tshwj xeeb txhais tau tias.

Reliever siv tshuaj L-thyroxine ( "Levothyroxine", "Eutiroks") thiab analogs thereof. Cov tshuaj yog hluavtaws hloov rau tej yam ntuj tso thyroid hormone. KOOB xaiv tus kws kho mob ib lub zuj zus nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias ib tug overdose ntawm cov tshuaj tej zaum yuav ua rau cov lus rov ntawm myxedema - hyperthyroidism, thiab cov tsis muaj koob tshuaj yuav muaj tsis ntxim nyob tag nrho. Txais ntawm lwm yam tshuaj kuj tsis tau haum, los yog kom ceev li lub metabolism ntawm L-thyroxine, yog li qhov yuav tsum tau mus tham lwm yam kws txawj nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog kev kho mob.

Kuv yuav mus nrhiav kev pab?

Tus kab mob muaj peev xwm yuav xav tias tus kws kho mob thaum lub sij hawm ib tug lub cev kev xeem. Txawm li cas los, cov kev kho mob ntawm myxedema yog endocrinologist nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb tsev kho mob. Nws yuav ua tau nroog los yog endocrinological department ntawm lub regional cov tsev kho mob. Mus nqa tawm txoj kev xeem ntawm cov neeg mob feem ntau yog raws kev coj kom cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov chaw zov me loj lub zos. Ib tug ntawm cov khoom yog cov "endocrinology tshawb fawb Center" (Moscow, ul. Dmitry Ulyanov, 11). Lub koom haum ntawm endocrinology paub qhov tseeb hais tias muaj kev pab nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm myxedema thiab lwm yam kab mob ntawm competent cov kws txawj, mus nqa tawm txoj diagnostic thiab kho cov txheej txheem.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub raug?

Nyob rau hauv kev, myxedema (ua thiab cov tsos mob piav) - heev correctable mob. Tshuaj kiag li eliminates lub saum toj no-piav cov tsos mob. Txawm li cas los, tsis ua hauj lwm nyob rau tus kws kho mob, thiab tsis ua raws li cov lus qhia yuav ua rau disastrous txim.