"Mona Lisa" ( "Mona Lisa") los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci - ib tug ci ntsa iab creation wizard

Ntau tshaj ib tug teb xyoo, historians, kos duab historians, sau xov xwm thiab txaus siab sib ceg txog cov neeg tsis paub txog "Mona Lisa". Yuav ua li cas yog lub zais cia ntawm nws luag? Leej twg tiag tiag captures lub portrait ntawm Leonardo? Txhua xyoo lub Louvre los tshaj 8 lab qhua xav kom txaus siab rau nws creation.

Yog li ntawd yuav ua li cas li cas qhov no modestly hnav khaub ncaws poj niam nrog ib lub teeb, NW nyuam qhuav perceptible luag, coj kev txaus siab ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub podium ntawm cov legendary creatures ntawm lwm yam zoo kawg ntxias?

yuav tsum tau txais koob meej

Cia peb thawj tsis nco qab tias lub "Mona Lisa" los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci - ib tug ci ntsa iab creation ntawm cov artist. Yuav ua li cas peb pom ua ntej peb? Nrog ib tug faint luag rau ntawm nws lub ntsej muag saib peb tsis hluas, modestly hnav khaub ncaws poj niam. Nws tsis yog zoo nkauj, tab sis ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv nws attracts lub qhov muag. Hwjchim ci ntsa iab - ib tug ceeb tshwm sim. Nruab nrab daim duab tsis pab los txhawb ib tug tsis muaj advertising, thiab lub "Mona Lisa" - daim card ntawm tus naas ej Florentine, lub npe hu mus rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no.

daim duab zoo yog impressive nyob rau hauv nws nyob rau theem siab tshaj plaws consolidates lub achievements ntawm tus Renaissance. Ntawm no yog lub toj roob hauv pes zog nrog lub portrait, tus tuav lub ntsia yog qhia rau cov paub hwj tau lub cev "kontrposto" pyramidal muaj pes tsawg leeg ... Cov txheej txheem yog admirable: ib tug ntawm cov thinnest khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog superimposed on ib tug xwb tom qab lub yav dhau los qhuav. Txais tos "sfumato" Leonardo tau ua rau cov duab ntawm melting khoom, txhuam nws muab lub ntaem ntawm huab cua, tsa cov kev ua si ntawm lub teeb thiab duab ntxoov ntxoo. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab nqi creation da Vinci lub "Mona Lisa."

universal paub

Tias tus ntxias tau tus thawj kiv cua ntawm "Mona Lisa" los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci. Paintings ntawm lub XVI xyoo pua yog lus sau nrog ib co kua nplaum ntawm lub hwj ntawm lub "Mona Lisa." Noj, piv txwv li, tus poj Raphael: nws ciali mob Leonardo, Mona Lisa nta tau raug ntes tau nyob rau hauv lub portrait florentinki nyob rau hauv lub "Lady nrog lub Unicorn", thiab dab tsi yog feem ntau tsab, txawm nyob rau hauv ib tug txiv neej portrait Baldasara Castiglione. Leonardo, tsis paub txog nws, tsim ib tug yeeb yam pab rau lawv cov followers, uas tau discovering tej yam tshiab nyob rau hauv painting, noj raws li ib lub hauv paus ib tug portrait ntawm "Mona Lisa."

Dzhordzho Vazari, ib tug artist thiab kos duab historian, yog tus thawj mus txhais lo lus nyob rau hauv lub hwjchim ci ntsa iab ntawm "Mona Lisa". Nyob rau hauv nws "lub neej uas nto moo painters ..." nws hu ua portrait ntawm lub divine es tib neeg, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tau muab kev ntsuam xyuas no, tsis muaj puas tau pom ib daim duab nyob. Tus sau tsuas yog qhia ib tug kev pom zoo, yog li muab ib tug "Mona Lisa" ib tug siab lub koob npe nrov nyob rau hauv kev voj voog.

Leej twg nyiag ua rau lub portrait?

Lub tsuas pov thawj ntawm yuav ua li cas mus rau hauv cov creation ntawm lub portrait no yog cov lus ntawm Giorgio Vazavi, uas cav hais tias cov duab yuav tus poj niam ntawm Francesco Giocondo, ib tug Florentine tycoon, 25-xyoo-laus Mona Lisa. Nws hais tias thaum da Vinci pleev xim rau portraits, nyob ib ncig ntawm nws lossi ua si rau cov lyre thiab hu nkauj, thiab lub tsev hais plaub jesters muaj ib tug zoo mus ob peb vas, nws yog vim hais tias ntawm no Mona Lisa tus luag yog li ntawd maj thiab qab ntxiag.

Tab sis muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov pov thawj uas Giorgio yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Ua ntej, tus hluas nkauj lub taub hau npog mourning poj ntsuam tus daim ntaub thaiv, thiab Francesco Giocondo nyob ib lub neej ntev. Secondly, yog vim li cas Leonardo tsis muab portrait ntawm tus neeg muas zaub?

Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias cov artist tsis tawm nrog ib tug portrait ua ntej nws tuag, txawm hais tias nws twb muaj nyiaj loj nyob rau hauv cov hnub. Nyob rau hauv 1925, critics tau pom hais tias tus portrait belongs rau tus hluas nkauj ntawm Dzhuliano Medichi - poj ntsuam, Costanza d'Avalos. Tom qab ntawd Carlo Pedretti npaj lwm cov kev xaiv: nws yuav ua tau Pachifika phuam khi taub hau, lwm hluas nkauj Pedretti. Nws yog tus poj ntsuam ntawm ib Spanish nobleman, nws yog zoo educated, muaj ib tug muaj lus zoo siab disposition thiab cov koob hmoov nrog lawv muaj tej lub tuam txhab.

Leej twg yog tus tiag tiag Mona Liza Leonardo da Vinci? Tswvyim txawv. Tej zaum qhov no yog qhov Mona Lisa Gherardini, tej zaum Isabella Gualando, Filiberta Savoyskaya los yog Pachifika Brandao ... Yuav ua li cas kuv thiaj paub?

Los ntawm cov huab tais los tus huab tais, tus nceeg vaj hauv lub nceeg vaj

Cov loj tshaj plaws lolus twb kav cov vaj ntxwv ntawm lub XVI xyoo pua, nws yog cov xim uas yuav tsum tau yuav tsum yeej xwb cov khoom los lov tawm ntawm lub vos vajvoog ntawm kev hwm rau qhov nyuab. Tus thawj qhov chaw uas ib tug portrait ntawm lub Mona Lisa twb tau pom, yog ib tug da dej ntawm King Francis I. Tus huab tais tso muaj tam sim no tsis yog vim saib tsis taus los yog ignorance ntawm ib co ci ntsa iab ua hauj lwm nws tau txais, on qhov tsis tooj, qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm lub Fabkis nceeg vaj yog ib tug da dej nyob rau hauv Fontainebleau. Muaj tus huab tais twb so, muaj kev lom zem nrog nws cov hluas nkauj, nws tau txais ambassadors.

Tom qab Fontainebleau painting "Mona Lisa" los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci mus xyuas cov phab ntsa ntawm lub lub Louvre, Versailles, qhov Tuileries, ob centuries nws tau mus los ntawm lub palace mus rau lub palace. Gioconda heev tsaus vim ntau yam tsis nkaus kev vam meej hniav zoo nws pob muag thiab txhua ob tom qab. Yog hais tias lus yuav piav qhia txog tag nrho cov uas kuv pom cov Mona Lisa qab phab ntsa ntawm lub Fabkis palaces, tej hauj lwm ntawm Aleksandra Dyuma yuav zoo li qhuav thiab boring phau ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv "Mona Lisa" tsis nco qab?

Nyob rau hauv lub XVIII caug xyoo, lub tom tsim tau muab rau cov legendary paintings. "Mona Lisa" los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci tsuas tsis haum rau lub ciaj ciam ntawm lub beauties ntawm classicism thiab shepherdesses frivolous Rococo. Thaum xub thawj, nws twb pauv mus rau Ministers ntawm lub chav tsev, nws maj mam poob qis thiab qis rau hauv lub hierarchy ntawm lub tsev hais plaub raws li ntev raws li nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov darkest ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm Versailles, qhov chaw uas nws yuav pom xwb lub tshuaj li petty ua hauj lwm. Cov painting twb tsis muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug sau ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws paintings ntawm Fabkis huab tais, hais rau cov pej xeem nyob rau hauv 1750.

Qhov teeb meem no tau hloov lub Fabkis kiv puag ncig. Duab, nrog rau lwm yam txeeb los ntawm tus sau los ntawm cov huab tais rau tus thawj tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv lub Louvre. Nws pom hais tias, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub vaj, ntxias, tsis yog rau ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd muab mus rau creation ntawm Leonardo. Fragonard, tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Convention Committee, muaj peev xwm txaus soj ntsuam hauv daim duab thiab muab nws mus rau hauv ib daim ntawv teev cov feem ntau nqi rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Tom qab ntawd, hauv daim duab yuav qhuas tsis tau tsuas yog cov vaj ntxwv thiab courtiers, tab sis kuj txhua leej txhua tus nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Cov sib txawv txhais ntawm Mona Lisa tus luag

Raws li koj paub, luag yuav ua tau variously seductive, bitingly tu siab, txaj muag, los yog zoo siab. Tab sis tsis muaj leej twg ntawm cov ntsiab lus yog tsis haum. Ib tug ntawm lub 'cov kws txawj' neeg pab leg ntaubntawv hais tias cov neeg xwm nyob rau hauv lub daim duab yog cev xeeb tub, thiab luag nyob rau hauv ib qho los mus ntes lub zog ntawm tus me nyuam hauv plab. Lwm hais tias nws yog ntxhi Leonardo, nws tus lover.

Nyob rau hauv ib ntawm cov paub versions hais tias "Mona Lisa" ( "Mona Lisa") - ib tug self-portrait ntawm Leonardo. Tsis ntev los no, nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm lub computer piv rau anatomical nta ntawm lub Mona Lisa thiab da Vinci tib neeg rau nws tus kheej-portrait, twv nrog ib tug liab mem hluav. Nws muab tawm hais tias lawv yog ib tug zoo meej match. Nws hloov tawm hais tias lub Mona Lisa - ib tug poj niam hypostasis ntse heev, thiab nws luag - ib tug luag ntawm Leonardo nws tus kheej.

Yog vim li cas yog lub Mona Lisa tus luag fades, nws zoo nkaus li dua?

Thaum peb saib cov duab ntawm lub Mona Lisa, nws nkawd hais tias nws luag no tsis tas li: nws tuag, ces reappears. Yog vim li cas yog no mas? Lub fact tias muaj yog ib tug central tsis pom kev, tsom rau cov ntsiab lus, thiab peripheral, tsis yog li ntawd meej. Yog li, nws yog tsim nyog los tsom koj ob lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv ob daim di ncauj ntawm lub Mona Lisa - lub luag disappears thaum koj saib mus rau hauv koj ob lub qhov muag los yog sim los npog tag nrho lub ntsej muag - nws luag.

Niaj hnub no cov "Mona Lisa" los ntawm Leonardo da Vinci nyob rau hauv lub Louvre. Rau ib tug yuav luag zoo meej system ntawm kev tiv thaiv nws yuav tsum tau them txog $ 7 lab. Nws muaj xws li Bulletproof iav, qhov tseeb tswb system thiab ib tug qhia tshwj xeeb uas tsim kev pab cuam uas txhawb cov kev tsim nyog microclimate hauv. Thaum lub caij, tus nqi ntawm kev tuav pov hwm daim duab yog $ 3 billion.