Mannerism - qhov no coj nyob rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai ntawm teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv 16-17 centuries

Mannerism - qhov no artistic zog nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm European lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub 16-17 centuries. Qhov no sib sawv nyob rau hauv lub lig Renaissance, thiab ib co kev soj ntsuam ntseeg tau hais tias nws yog ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm intellectuals ntawm lub ntsoog nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance lub sij hawm.

General cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub era

Mannerism - ib txoj kev hloov theem ntawm cov Nrab Hnub nyoog rau thaum ntxov niaj hnub lub sij hawm. Nws yog ib tug heev nyuaj xyoo caum nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Western European lub teb chaws. Tom qab tag nrho, yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug tsim ntawm tshiab socio-thoj thiab economic systems. Tag nrho cov no yog vim tus cwj pwm ntawm cov wider tsov ua rog, uas muab kev koom tes ua tub rog thiab kev nom kev tswv alliances thiab txawm tag nrho blocks ntawm lub xeev. Sab hauv, ib tug xov tooj ntawm lub teb chaws muaj loj cov kev hloov uas txuam nrog rau txoj kev hloov mus rau ib tug capitalist system.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov kawm ntawv haiv neeg ntawm hais tias lub sij hawm twb tshwj xeeb xav tsis thoob los ntawm cov sacking ntawm Rome nyob rau hauv 1527. Tag nrho cov ntawm cov kev hloov no yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau lub outlook ntawm kev kawm voj voog. Mannerism - ib hom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau lub ntsoog ntawm humanistic hom phiaj uas tau koob meej txiv neej thiab nws cov hav zoov. Yog li ntawd, muaj ntau yam painters, sculptors thiab architects tau muab rau ib tug tshiab quest nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm.

nta qhia

Style tshiab originated nyob rau hauv ltalis thiab ces kis mus rau ob peb lub European lub teb chaws. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho nws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus pib mus rau faib lub ntxias los ntawm Fabkis thiab lub Netherlands. Rau hauv cheeb tsam no yog yus muaj los ntawm cov nram qab no nta: lub siab xav mus pab qhia cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm sab nraud thiab sab ntsuj plig, elongation thiab elongation kab, nro poses. Qhov no yog txawv los ntawm lub xaav ntawm ib harmonious Renaissance ntxias uas nrhiav kev tranquility nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov kev kho mob ntawm proportionality ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Nyob rau hauv cov duab puab, tus tswv pib them nyiaj tshwj xeeb mloog mus rau cov plasticity thiab elegance. Lub architecture kuj cai tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv cov yam ntxwv ntawm yav tas los era.

Nyob rau hauv painting

Lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Painting nyob rau hauv ltalis, los ua tus tsim ntawm ib tug tshiab kev taw qhia. Nws tsim nyob rau hauv lub zos xws li Florence, Mantua. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tswv cuab twb Vasari, Giulio Romano thiab lwm tus neeg. Kev nyuab, lub paintings ntawm cheeb tsam no yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug complex muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub mythical congestion, tshwj xeeb, kaj xim. Cov ntsiab lus twb muaj ntau haiv neeg, tab sis ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab txheem yog txoj kev hlub saum ntuj ceeb tsheej thiab hauv ntiajteb no kev hlub. Spiritualism yog raug ntawm ntau tej hauj lwm ntawm painters.

Nws lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm painting tsim nyob rau hauv Fabkis (Fontainebleau). Muaj ntau Dutch painters xyaum los ntawm Italian sau phau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no muaj ib qho kev txaus siab rau revive lub chivalrous portrait thiab medieval ntxhais.

Duab puab thiab vaj tse

Mannerism nyob rau hauv architecture tau kuj tau txais ntau txoj kev loj hlob. Rau vaj tse nyob rau hauv no style yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev ua txhaum cai ntawm proportions thiab kab ntawm lub facades. Architects nrhiav kom evoke ib tug nkag siab ntawm kev txhawj xeeb rau tus tuav li cas lub sib tshwm era, namely lub ntsoog ntawm Renaissance qhov tseem ceeb thiab tsis tau ntawm ib tug txiav txim zoo ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev thaj yeeb. Ib tug piv txwv ntawm cov vaj tse nyob rau hauv cov style no lub Laurentian Library nyob rau hauv Florence (sau - Michelangelo). Qhov no tib style twb framed nyob rau hauv Mantua cheeb tsam, raws li zoo raws li ib tug Loggia nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm lub gallery nyob rau hauv lub Uffizi.

Mannerism - ib tug hloov theem ntawm lub Renaissance thiab Baroque. Nyob rau hauv cov duab puab, peb pom tau tib phenomenon li nyob rau hauv architecture thiab painting. Qhov tseem ceeb sawv cev yog B. Cellini. Nws ua hauj lwm yog yus muaj los ntawm exaggerated elegance thiab kev cai, txawm tias ib tug tej yam pretentiousness ntawm cov duab thiab cov xim.

Muab nyob rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai

Mannerism - qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb theem nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov kos duab. Muaj ntau soj ntsuam ntawm saib nws raws li lub rudiments ntawm Rococo thiab thaum ntxov Baroque. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ntau yam ntawm no sib cuam tshuam hauv lub tom ntej hoob kawm. Baroque, e.g., coj tshaj los ntawm no coj ntaub ntawv tsis tswm, complexity muaj pes tsawg leeg Rococo - elegance thiab graceful yam ntawm cov dluab. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub mannerism nyob rau hauv lub visual arts, nyob rau hauv cov kev phem ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj no nta ntawm cov txheej txheem - lub tswvyim yog heev broad thiab xoob.

Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Renaissance ntxias tau twb tsis siv cov yam ntxwv ntawm no style. Rafael yog ib tug ntawm thawj ob peb ncaim ntawm lub niaj zaus daim ntawv ntawm classicism thiab pib muab nws cov nuj nqis elongation. Nyob rau hauv lub paintings ntawm Leonardo da Vinci, muaj ib co sijhawm uas qhia lawv txog mannerism: hais txog lub sophistication ntawm ib co dluab thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb finesse, sab ntsuj plig.

nyhuv

Nws yog tseem ceeb uas Renaissance thiab Mannerism dispersed nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm artistic creation. Tom qab tag nrho, ib tug tshiab qauv muaj nyob yog thaum lub classic ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov Renaissance tseem yog ib tug qauv. Tab sis txawm ntau nthuav yog qhov tseeb hais tias mannerism yog heev nrov nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th. Muaj txawm lub notion ntawm "neomanerizm", uas yog feem ntau to taub raws li ib tug ib yam li ib co contemporary artists hais tias kev coj. Muaj yog ib tug saib hais tias qhov no sib cuam tshuam rau domestic kos duab rau ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm lub nyiaj muaj hnub nyoog. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no lub hwj huam muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias mannerism yog ib tug hloov theem ntawm lub Renaissance thiab Baroque. Nws yog eclectic tsuag, li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev universal. Niaj hnub no Mannerism xav nyob rau hauv tej yam txawv thiab fanciful cov ntaub ntawv, originality mus kom ze, raws li zoo raws li lub active nrhiav xim.