"Lub Plawv ntawm ib tug aub." Qhov teeb meem tsis kawg kev nkauj kev nraug

Cov hauj lwm ntawm Mihaila Afanasevicha Bulgakova yuam kom tshoov zajlus dab neeg thiab attachments rau lub tswv yim. Cov yav tas, differing lawv tseem thiab versatility, rau ib tug heev lub sij hawm ntev nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub minds ntawm cov neeg. Lawv yog cov nyob rau hauv tsis muaj hurry mus siv nws lub peev xwm rau kev sib tham.

Tshiab "lub Plawv ib tug aub" - paub ua hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv, daim ntawv sau nyob rau hauv 1925, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv luam tom qab caum xyoo. Cov txiav npluav txhais los ntawm ib tug ntse raws nraim cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntawv sau, uas qhia txog lub neej thiab lub neej sij hawm ntawm lub Soviet era lub 20s.

Lub cuab ntxhiab ntawm "txaus ntshai dab neeg"

Ua ntej peb yog ib tug txiv neej hluas ib tug neeg tuag, uas txog thaum tsis ntev los no yog tseem ciaj sia thiab muaj lub npe Klima Chugunkina. Xibfwb Preobrazhensky, koj qhov yuav tsum tau rau thwmsim, yuav siv sij hawm ib tug tseem ceeb endocrine caj pas - lub pituitary thiab gonads, thiab txiav txim siab los hloov cov tawg tsam vaj aub Sharik, uas yuav tsum nws thiaj li los ua ib tug "tug txiv neej." Tsis muaj zem hais tias xws li ib tug fantasy yog rightly piav los ntawm tus sau li "ib tug txaus ntshai zaj dabneeg."

Nrog hais txog lub npe tiag tiag ntawm zaj dab neeg muaj peev xwm yuav hais tau hais tias lo lus "aub" no txhais tau tias "phem heev". Zoo thiab kheev aub puv mus rau hauv ib tug qias, phem thiab boorish kev zam txim rau ib tug txiv neej, cov sawv cev tag nrho cov hom ntawm cov uas tsis muaj vices. Qhov no yog ib yam ntawm cov loj tej teeb meem, "lub Plawv ntawm ib tug aub."

Feature zaj dabneeg cim

Paub nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws ib tug txawj ntse xib fwb ntawm cov tshuaj Filipp Filippovich Preobrazhensky yog lub ntsiab protagonist ntawm zaj dab neeg. Nws ua hauj lwm thiab dee yog aimed ntawm rejuvenating hauj lwm. Thaum lub sij hawm lub hnub cov neeg mob tuaj rau nws, thiab ua ntej yuav mus pw industrious xibfwb recruited kev paub tshiab, kawm kho mob tomes.

Tus txiv neej no kom meej meej sympathetic rau lub pre-revolutionary convictions, ua ib lub cim siab kawm ntawv thiab unquestionable cwj pwm zoo. Tab sis cov xibfwb tsis kam lees Vajtswv lub Library mus lom zem koj lub plab nrog qab nqaij los yog exalt nws kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub siab tshaj plaws voj voog ntawm cov haiv neeg.

Aub Pob - heev ntse thiab zoo-natured plaub-legged zeej uas yuav zoo los ua ib tug phooj ywg ntawm Hoffman miv Murru, yog hais tias nws yuav tsis tau hloov mus rau hauv ib tug txiv neej. Pob equitable mus kom ze rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov neeg, pom tus ntsuj plig nyob rau hauv lawv ob lub qhov muag.

Pob tiab code ignored raws li lub wisest ntawm cov txiv neej. Hloov Hlo xib fwb ua ib tug loj lub tswv yim nyob rau hauv cov aub nyob rau ntawm lawv thawj lub rooj sib tham, uas provoked ib tug loj kev hloov nyob rau hauv tus muaj hmoo ntawm lub cim. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub nruab nrog cev transplanted khoom raug coj los ntawm ib tug txiv neej peb zaug txim, hlub booze thiab brawl.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub tshiab "lub Plawv ib tug aub"

Tus thawj teeb meem lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov xib fwb "xav ua zoo dua," tab sis nws muab tawm lwm yam. Tsim los rau cov zoo hom phiaj qhov xyaum ua tej muab ib tug frightening thiab qias neeg tau. Tus heev tsos ntawm ib tug humanoid qhia tsawg tsawg thiab vicious xwm. Nws lub hauv pliaj twb zaum mas tsis tshua muaj, hais tias muaj kuab tus cwj pwm yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav tsum los ntawm nws. "Tib neeg" zoo pub overpowered "aub" kev tau kev pab.

Cov evolution ntawm tus aub, uas muaj peev xwm tsiag ntawv los ntawm degradation, tus creator muab ib tug ntau ntawm teeb meem. Hloov Hlo realizes hais tias tshiab khiv tsim Polygraph Polygraphovich xav tau ib tug kev cai ennoblement, pom yuav ua li cas nws ua dialogues nrog lwm tus neeg, ntau npaum li cas yaj thiab siab phem.

Attempts mus hloov lub mentality ntawm tej yam ntuj tso Sharikova ua ob tsis yooj yim sua ua hauj lwm rau professors. Ib tug txiv neej nrog ib tug aub lub plawv kiag li tsis ua yeeb yam thiab cov phau ntawv, zoo laus thiab kev txo hwj chim, kev mob siab rushing rau hauv vices, merrymaking thiab tsis kawg qia. Qhov no teeb meem ntawm "lub Plawv ib tug aub" yog superimposed nyob rau hauv thawj, ntau fanning unbearable rejection ntawm qhov tsis zoo caij dlej ib puag ncig.

Lub ironic grotesque tso tawm nyob rau hauv lub "plawv ntawm ib tug Aub" teeb meem ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov intelligentsia thiab cov neeg tom qab lub kiv puag ncig. Scum, dhau lawm, yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug cob qhia. Stepping los ntawm kev ntxub thiab kev khib, lub pob pom ib tug xib fwb nyob rau hauv tus neeg ntawm lub Chairman ntawm lub tsev Committee Shvonder. Bulgakov piav vividly nyob rau hauv lub teeb cwj pwm thiab dee "subhuman" kom tus cwj pwm mus rau cov neeg zoo li.

Marginal ntxub cov neeg ua hauj lwm lub taub hau thiab ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim, eagerly rushes mus wealth, nws txav lub zoo meej thiab tsis paub txoj kev hlub tshua, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg uas tau nyob rau hauv nws ib puag ncig. Yuav ua li cas cov teeb meem "lub Plawv ib tug aub" yog xav tias yuav? Xws li cov sis txawv sectors ntawm haiv neeg.

Yuav ua li cas nrog tus dab?

Nrhiav nyob rau hauv nws cov creation, uas yog entrusted nrog zoo kev cia siab, tus yeeb ncuab thiab lub tus qhia xwm, cov xibfwb pom tsuas yog ib qho txoj kev - mus rov qab mus rau lawv cov rooj zaum. Ib tug neeg paub qab hau paj lug hais tias: xwm abhors ua nruj ua tsiv lawv. Preobrazhensky pom tau hais lawv yuam kev thiab mloog lub suab ntawm yog vim li cas, hais tias hais tias xws li thwmsim tsis ua rau zoo. Cia rov qab mus rau tus thawj lub xeev yuav yuav cia li zaum kawg zaj dabneeg, qhov hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog ib tug sarcastic mockery ntawm cov uas twb txiav txim thiab grotesque me nyuam no yuav kho lub essence ntawm tus neeg.

Yuavtsum tau kawm uantej rau kev sau ntawv novels

Nws yog pom tseeb tias lub revolutionary teeb meem ntawm 1917 tau zoo siab heev leej twg uas yog tsis txawv teb chaws mus rau lub zoo keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab xeev. Nws lub tswv yim muaj M. A. Bulgakov gracefully unfolded nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm qhov acclaimed tshiab "lub Plawv ntawm ib tug aub." Loj kev nyob rau hauv lub kos npe rau coup coj, zoo ib yam li kiv puag ncig, lub enormous tib neeg losses, muab lub loj muaj peev xwm rau xav neeg. Insightful saib los ntawm ntau kom meej meej saib lub shortcomings ntawm tsoom fwv. Tab sis thuam zoo siab tau hnov tsuas yog ib qho uas xav tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lwm tus.

nyuag ntsiab lus

• Balls, ua tsaug rau nws tus kheej nimbleness, ib tug phem lub siab thiab tsis kam ntawm tag nrho cov kev txawj ntse, nce los ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm cov kev sib raug ntaiv rau unprecedented heights, uas cog lus kom nws ua phem nrog impunity.
• Siab phem intentions zoo aub ib zaug tsis kam muab los ntawm cov neeg uas xav tias kheev lam nws zoo, thiab txhawb kom cov cunning thiab siab hlob malevolence "cov phooj ywg" uas yuav coj thaum koj tsis xav tau.
• Xib fwb ntawm lub cev Hloov Hlo, muaj raws li nws tau, txoj cai tias yog leej txiv yog txiav txim siab rov qab mus rau lawv cov rooj zaum. "Kuv tau muab yug rau koj, kuv yuav tua koj" - yuav yooj yim hais tus kws kho mob, pab yug tus dab personifying artful thiab khib viciousness.
• Teeb meem ntawm "lub Plawv ib tug aub" los ntawm Bulgakov yog tseem ceeb, tsis hais qhov tseeb hais tias lawv muaj nyob rau ntawm qhov kaj ntug ntawm tib neeg.