Lub neej thiab kev ua hauj lwm ntawm Ostrovsky. Cov kauj ruam thiab nta ntawm creativity Ostrovsky

Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ostrovsky - tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv thiab playwright, muaj ib tug tseem ceeb cawv rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub teb chaws ua yeeb yam. Nws tsim ib tug tshiab tsev kawm ntawv muaj tiag ua si thiab sau ntau zoo kawg li ua hauj lwm. Qhov tsab xov xwm yuav qhia lub ntsiab kauj ruam ntawm creativity Ostrovsky. Thiab feem ntau cov tseem ceeb lub sij hawm ntawm nws cov hauj lwm.

thaum yau

Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ostrovsky, ib tug yees duab ntawm cov uas yog nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, tau yug los nyob rau hauv 1823, nyob rau lub peb hlis ntuj 31, nyob rau hauv Moscow, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm Malaya Ordynka. Nws txiv - Nikolai Fedorovich - loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg pov thawj, nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub Moscow Theological Academy nws tus kheej, txawm li cas los, tsis ua hauj lwm hauv lub tsev teev ntuj. Nws los ua ib tug lub tsev hais plaub solicitor, koom nyob rau hauv coj mus muag thiab hais plaub ntug affairs. Nikolai Fedorovich tswj Rose mus rau qib ntawm titular counselor, thiab tom qab ntawd (nyob rau hauv 1839) tau cov nom tswv cajceg. Niam yav tom ntej playwright - Savvina Lyubov Ivanovna - yog tus ntxhais ntawm lub Sexton. Nws tuag thaum Alexander yog cia li xya xyoo. Cov tsev neeg ntawm rau cov me nyuam loj hlob Ostrowski. Nikolai Fedorovich puas tau tag nrho uas me nyuam loj hlob nyob rau hauv txoj kev vam meej thiab ib tug dlej kev kawm ntawv. Ib tug ob peb xyoos tom qab Lyubov tuag nws yuav rov qab los. Nws tus poj niam pib Emilia Andreevna tom qab Ticino, Baroness, tus ntxhais ntawm Swedish nobleman. Cov me nyuam yog heev muaj hmoo nrog kuv stepmother: nws muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau ib txoj kev rau lawv thiab txuas ntxiv mus koom nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev kawm.

cov tub ntxhais hluas

Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ostrovsky siv nws thaum yau nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm Zamoskvorechye. Nws txiv yog ib tug zoo heev tsev qiv ntawv, ua tsaug rau uas tus me nyuam tub thaum ntxov acquaintance nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab muaj ib tug nyiam nyiam heev rau kev sau ntawv. Txawm li cas los, leej txiv pom tus tub hluas xwb ib tug kws lij choj. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1835, Alexander raug xa mus rau tus thawj Moscow lub tsev kawm ntawv, tom qab kev kawm uas nws yog ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv nyob Moscow University. Txawm li cas los, kom tau ib tug kev cai lij choj degree los ntawm Ostrovsky tsis kawm tau ntawv zoo. Nws tau sib cav nrog tus kws qhia ntawv thiab sab laug lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau lub tswv yim ntawm Alexander tus txiv mus ua hauj lwm hauv lub tsev hais plaub tus neeg teev ntawv thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv no txoj hauj lwm rau ob peb lub xyoo.

cwj mem xeem

Tab sis Alexander tsis tawm cov me nyuam los ua pov thawj nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov zajlus teb. Nyob rau hauv nws thawj thawj plays nws tuav accusatory, "ncaj ncees thiab kev sib raug zoo" cov kev taw qhia. Tus thawj hauj lwm ntawm Ostrovsky raug luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab ib tsab, "Moscow City Gazette", nyob rau hauv 1847. Cov no yog cov sketches rau lub comedy "tu lub debtor" thiab kev sau ntawv "Sau ntawv Zamoskvoreche neeg nyob." Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv txhais tau tias "tsab ntawv A. O "thiab" D. G. "Lub fact tias ib tug tej yam Dmitry Gorev muaj cov hluas playwright kev koom tes. Nws tsis tau tsiv nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv yog ib qhov scenes, tab sis tom qab nws tau los ua rau Ostrovsky qhov chaw ntawm teeb meem zoo. Ib txhia ntseeg ces liam ntawm plagiarism playwright. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm Alexander II yuav raug tso tawm ib tug ntau ntawm kuj zoo kawg ua, thiab tsis muaj leej twg dares ntseeg nws tej txuj ci. Tom ntej no yuav tsum tau piav nyob rau hauv kom meej lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm Ostrovsky. Lub rooj hauv qab no yuav systematize cov ntaub ntawv.

Tus thawj zoo

Thaum twg qhov no tshwm sim? Feem ntau cov nrov creativity Ostrovsky tau txais tom qab ntawv nyob rau hauv 1850 comedy "nws haiv neeg - yog suav!". Qhov no ua hauj lwm tshwm sim los ib tug dej siab xyuas nyob rau hauv cov zajlus voj voog. Ivan Goncharov thiab N. V. Gogol ua si muab ib tug zoo kev ntsuam xyuas. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv no chim ntawm zib ntab thiab tau txais ib qho impressive yoov nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj pleev. Influential Moscow tub txawj tub ntse, resentful ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv tsis yws hlo li mus rau qib siab cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv ib tug daring dramatist. Cov kev ua si tam sim ntawd txwv nyob rau hauv lub formulation, tus sau tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm thiab tso rau hauv nruj tub ceev xwm soj ntsuam. Thiab nws tau tshwm sim rau tus kheej kev txiav txim ntawm huab tais Nicholas Thawj. Kev saib xyuas twb abolished tsuas yog tom qab tau nce lub zwm txwv, Emperor Alexander II. Ib tug comedy yeeb yam cov neeg tuaj saib pom xwb nyob rau hauv 1861, tom qab lub lifting ntawm qhov txiav npluav rau nws formulation.

thaum ntxov ua

Early Tej hauj lwm A. N. Ostrovskogo twb tshuav tsis muaj neeg saib, tej hauj lwm twb luam tawm mas nyob rau hauv "Moskvityanin" magazine. Playwright koom collaborated nrog no tsab thiab raws li ib tug critic thiab editor nyob rau hauv 1850-1851 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv tus ntawm "cov tub ntxhais editorial neeg ua hauj lwm" magazine thiab lub ntsiab ideologist ntawm no lub vajvoog, AA Grigoriev, Alexander sau cov kev ua si "Neeg txom nyem yog tsis muaj kev txhaum," "nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv koj tus kheej lub laub", "ua neej nyob tsis raws li koj lub siab xav." Ntxhais ntawm creativity Ostrovsky nyob rau hauv no lub sij hawm - lub idealization ntawm yawg suab Lavxias teb sab ancient kev lis kev cai thiab kev cai. Cov sentiments yog me ntsis muted accusatory pathos ntawm tus kws. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm no voj voog muaj ntau zog tus ua txoj kev txawj ntse ntawm Alexander Nikolayevich. Nws plays tau ua nto moo thiab nrov.

Kev koom tes nrog cov "Kawm"

Pib los ntawm 1853, ib lub sij hawm ntawm peb caug xyoo, Alexander Nikolayevich plays txhua lub caij qhia nyob rau hauv lub Maly (nyob rau hauv Moscow) thiab cov Alexandrinsky (nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg) theaters. Txij li thaum 1856, Ostrovsky lub chaw ua hauj lwm muaj tsis tu ncua them nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv journal "Kawm" (sau tej hauj lwm). Thaum lub sij hawm cov kev sib raug upheaval nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws (ua ntej lub abolition ntawm serfdom nyob rau hauv 1861), cov kws ntawv tej hauj lwm dua ib zaug los ua accusatory ntug. Nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si "Nyob rau hauv ib tug coj txawv txawv tsiab peb caug hangover" cov txawj sau ntawv tau tsim ib lub impressive duab Bruskova Titus Titych, uas embodied lub ntxhib thiab tsaus ntuj nti quab yuam ntawm domestic despotism. Ntawm no rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyuaj rau lo lus "tyrant", kho tom qab rau tag nrho lub gallery ntawm cov cim Ostrovsky. Nyob rau hauv lub comedy "A Profitable Post" los ua tus cai derided prodazhnichestvo ua hauj lwm. Drama "Lub kawm ntawv" yog ib tug nyob tawm tsam tiv thaiv cov ua phem tawm tsam tus neeg. Nws yuav tau piav rau hauv qab no thiab lwm yam kauj ruam Ostrowski kos duab. Tab sis rau sab saum toj achievements ntawm no lub sij hawm ntawm nws kev sau ntawv ua si yog tus socio-puas siab puas ntsws ua yeeb yam "nag xob nag".

"Lub Cua daj"

Nyob rau hauv no ua si, "BYTOVIK" Ostrovsky pleev xim rau npub cua ntawm ib tug lub xeev lub zos nrog nws cov neeg siab phem, siab phem, lub unquestioned cai "senior" thiab cov nplua nuj. Lub sib piv nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub imperfect ntiaj teb no ntawm cov neeg Alexander nruab nrab yog ib tug muaj siab daim duab ntawm lub Volga xwm. Cov duab ntawm Catherine loj tragic kev zoo nkauj thiab grim povhaum. Nag xob nag ua ib lub cim rau sab ntsuj plig tsis meej pem ntawm lub heroine, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nruab nrab yog ib tug tsim txom ntawm kev ntshai, nyob rau hauv uas zoo tib yam cov neeg nyob mus tas li. Lub nceeg vaj ntawm lub qhov muag tsis pom kev mloog lus yaig los ntawm Ostrovsky, ob rog: txiav txim siab zoo, uas qhia nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si Kuligin, thiab ntshiab ntsuj plig Katerina. Nyob rau hauv nws "Ray ntawm lub teeb nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj" Hnub Yug critic txhais cov duab ntawm lub cim tseem ceeb raws li ib tug cim ntawm kev tawm tsam sib sib zog nqus, maj maturing nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

Los ntawm no ua si soared mus rau ib tug unattainable siab creativity Ostrovsky. "Lub Cua daj" Alexander Nikolayevich puas tau tus nto moo tshaj plaws thiab revered Lavxias teb sab playwright.

keeb kwm yog vim li cas

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov 1860s, Alexander tau pib kawm cov keeb kwm ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm Tej. Nws pib sib haum nrog lub zoo-paub historian thiab kev activist Nikolai Ivanovich Kostomarov. Raws li cov kev tshawb no ntawm qhov chaw ntawm loj playwright nws yog tsim los ntawm ib tug series ntawm cov keeb kwm tej hauj lwm: "Dmitry lub txuj thiab Vasily Shumsky," "Kozma Minin Zaharich-Sukhoruk", "Tushino". Teeb meem ntawm Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm tau xwm Ostrowski cleverly thiab nti.

lwm yam ua

Alexander yog tseem loyal rau nws nyiam lub npe. Nyob rau hauv lub 1860s nws sau ib tug xov tooj ntawm "txhua hnub" dramas thiab plays. Cov lawv: "Hnyav Hnub", "Abyss", "jokers". Cov hauj lwm ruaj twb pom motives txawj sau ntawv. Txij thaum lig 1860s ua hauj lwm Ostrovskogo yog muaj ib lub sij hawm ntawm active kev loj hlob. Nyob rau hauv nws ua yeeb yam tshwm sim dluab thiab cov ntxhais ntawm lub "tshiab" tawm los ntawm cov kho kom zoo ntawm Russia: cov tswv lag luam, cov neeg yuav, degenerate yawg suab moneybags thiab "Europeanized" tub txawj tub ntse. Alexander tsim ib tug ci ntsa iab series ntawm satirical comedies, dispels lub illusion ntawm post-kho kom zoo pej xeem, "Ib qho yooj yim nyiaj," "Kub lub plawv", "Hma yuav nrog menyuam yaj", "Hav zoov". Moral zoo tagnrho playwright yog neeg dawb huv tus ntsuj plig, noble neeg: Paracha ntawm lub "sov siab" Aksyusha ntawm "Forests". Ostrovsky sawv cev ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej, kev zoo siab thiab luag hauj lwm embodied nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si "Labor Cij". Yuav luag tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm Alexander II, sau nyob rau hauv 1870, luam tawm nyob rau hauv "Sau ntawv ntawm lub Fatherland".

"Daus leej"

Cov tsos ntawm nqe lus no ntawm cov kev ua si yog kiag li random. Me yeeb yam nyob rau hauv 1873 raug kaw rau kho. Nws lam tsiv mus rau hauv lub tsev ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, cov Commission rau cov Moscow Imperial Theaters Management txiav txim siab los mus tsim ib tug yeeb yam nyob rau hauv uas peb ntawm cov troupe yuav muab kev koom tes: opera, tus neeg dhia tes thiab ua yeeb yam. Sau ib tug zoo li daim coj Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ostrovsky. "Daus leej" twb sau los ntawm tus playwright nyob rau hauv ib tug heev luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm. Lub hauv paus rau cov neeg sau coj zaj dab neeg ntawm Lavxias teb sab pej xeem taleas. Thaum ua hauj lwm rau cov kev ua si, nws ua tib zoo xaiv qhov ntev ntawm paj huam, sab laj nrog archeologists, historians, kws tshawb fawb ntawm antiquity. Music tsim rau cov kev ua si ntawm cov tub ntxhais P. I. Chaykovsky. cov kev ua si premiered nyob rau hauv 1873, nyob rau 11 Tej zaum, nyob rau hauv theem ntawm lub Bolshoi Theatre. K. S. Stanislavsky hais txog "Daus leej" raws li ib tug fairy taleas, ib tug npau suav, hais nyob rau hauv nrov nrov thiab zoo kawg li paj huam. Nws hais tias ib tug neeg uas xav tau qhov tseeb thiab BYTOVIK Ostrovsky sau no ua si raws li yog hais txog thaum ces tsis muaj paj laum, tsuas yog rau cov ntshiab romance thiab cov paj huam.

Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los,

Thaum lub sij hawm no lub sij hawm, Ostrovsky sau ib tug tseem ceeb sib raug zoo thiab puas siab puas ntsws comedy thiab ua yeeb yam. Lawv qhia ntawm lub tragic txoj hmoo ntawm ib tug yuav luag tsis paub txiav txim zoo ntawm tub ntxhais ntse cov poj niam nyob rau hauv lub cynical thiab nws tus kheej-xav ntiaj teb no, "Talents thiab admirers", "Bride". Ntawm no yog lub playwright tsim tshiab kev theatrical qhia, xav ua hauj lwm Antona Chehova. Khaws cia tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws cov yeeb yam, Alexander nrhiav kom paub "ntse zoo comedy" "puab nriaj" heroes.

Sab nraum zoov kev ua ub no

Nyob rau hauv 1866, Alexander nrhiav tau tus naas ej Artistic vajvoog. Nws tom qab tau muab lub Moscow theem ntau feemxyuam lam. Peb mus xyuas Ostrovsky DV Grigorovich, Ivan Goncharov, I. S. Turgenev, P. M. Sadovsky, AF Pisemsky, G. N. Fedotova, M. E. Ermolova, P. I. Chaykovsky , L. N. Tolstoy, KUV Saltykov-Shchedrin, IE Turchaninov.

Nyob rau hauv 1874 nws tau tsim lub Society ntawm Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv thiab ua txoj opera composers nyob rau hauv Russia. Association tus tswj Aleksandr Nikolaevich Ostrovsky tau xaiv. Duab uas nto moo pej xeem daim duab twb paub mus rau txhua txhua tus kiv cua ntawm lub ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv Russia. Lub reformer yog heev kom ua yeeb yam kev tswj cai tau kho nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm tus ntxias, thiab yog li ho ua kom lawv cov nyiaj txiag thiab kev sib raug zoo raws li txoj cai.

Nyob rau hauv 1885, Alexander raug tsa taub hau ntawm ib sab ntawm tus repertoire theaters nyob rau hauv Moscow thiab ua lub taub hau ntawm lub ua yeeb yam hauv tsev kawm ntawv.

Tsev ua yeeb yam Ostrovsky

Aleksandra Ostrovskogo creativity yog inextricably txuas nrog lub tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab ua yeeb yam nyob rau hauv nws niaj hnub txiav txim. Playwright thiab sau tau muaj kev tswj los mus tsim nws tus kheej ua yeeb yam hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab tag nrho cov tswv yim ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb staging ntawm theatrical nrug.

Nta ntawm creativity Ostrovsky ua yeeb yam yog cov tsis muaj counter acting xwm thiab huab lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si kev txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Alexander Nikolayevich tshwm sim li ib txwm cov txheej xwm uas zoo tib yam neeg.

Lub ntsiab ntawm reforming:

• ua yeeb yam yuav tsum tau raws li nyob rau hauv cov rooj sib txoos (nthuav pom "plaub phab ntsa" uas cais cov neeg saib los ntawm lub lam);
• thaum teem cov kev ua si tus nqi yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo-paub actor, thiab nyob rau hauv pab neeg to taub txhua lwm yam nyuab;
• immutability kev sib raug zoo lam mus rau lub cov lus: hais lus yam ntxwv yuav tsum ua ze li ntawm tag nrho cov cim sawv cev nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si;
• cov neeg tuaj mus rau lub ua yeeb yam saib ib tug kev ua si ntawm lam, tsis nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau ntsib nrog rau cov kev ua si - lawv muaj peev xwm nyeem nws nyob rau hauv tsev.

Tswv yim uas tuaj nrog txawj sau ntawv Ostrovskiy Aleksandr Nikolaevich, twb tom qab hloov M. A. Bulgakovym thiab K. S. Stanislavskim.

Tej lub neej

Tej lub neej ntawm lub playwright yog tsis muaj tsawg interesting tshaj nws txawj ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv ib tug pej xeem union nrog ib tug yooj yim qis nruab nrab hauv chav kawm ntawv tus poj niam nws nyob rau yuav luag nees nkaum xyoo Ostrovskiy Aleksandr Nikolaevich. Nthuav lus tseeb thiab paub meej txog cov muaj txij nkawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv thiab nws cov thawj tus poj niam tseem muaj siab soj ntsuam.

Nyob rau hauv 1847, nyob rau hauv St. Nicholas Vorobinovskom txoj kev tom ntej no mus rau lub tsev nyob qhov twg nws nyob Ostrovsky, nws hais rau nws cov tsug kaum peb xyoos muam, ib tug hluas nkauj - Agafya Ivanovna. Nws twb tsis muaj tsev neeg, tsis muaj phooj ywg. Tsis muaj ib tug twg paub txog qhov nws tau ntsib nrog Aleksandrom Nikolaevichem. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv 1848 cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj ib tug tub, Alex. Rau tus me nyuam-tu tej yam kev mob nws tsis muaj, li ntawd, tus tub twb muab tso rau ib ntus nyob rau hauv lub chaw tu menyuam ntsuag. Ostrowski tus txiv yog ua luaj npau taws tias nws tus tub tsis tau tsuas yog muab ib tug prestigious university, tab sis kuj muaj feem xyuam rau ib tug yooj yim qis nruab nrab hauv chav kawm ntawv tus poj niam nyob rau hauv lub zej zog.

Txawm li cas los, Alexander tso tawm kom pom firmness thiab, thaum nws txiv thiab stepmother mus rau cov nyuam qhuav muas vaj tse Shchelykovo nyob rau hauv Kostroma xeev, tswm nrog Agafya Ivanovna nyob rau hauv ib tug ntoo lub tsev.

Txawj sau ntawv thiab ethnographer SV Maksimov jokingly hu ua nws cov thawj tus poj niam Ostrovsky "Martha Governor tus poj niam," vim hais tias nws yog nyob ze rau cov txawj sau ntawv nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev mob loj cov neeg txom nyem thiab mob deprivation. Ostrovsky phooj ywg Agafia Ivanovna yus li ib tug txiv neej los ntawm qhov yog ntse heev thiab lub plawv. Nws yog zoo tshaj plaws paub tias lub cwj pwm zoo thiab kev lis kev cai ntawm ua lag luam lub neej thiab muaj ib tug meej cawv rau cov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Ostrovsky. Alexander feem ntau sab laj nrog rau nws hais txog cov creation ntawm lawv tej hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Agafya Ivanovna yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus thiab zoo siab txais tos hostess. Tab sis ib qho hauj lwm sib yuav nrog nws Ostrovsky tsis muab txawm tias tom qab txoj kev tuag ntawm nws tus txiv. Tag nrho cov me nyuam yug los nyob rau hauv no lub union, tuag hluas heev, tsuas yog ua tij, Alex, luv luv tej niam.

Thaum lub sij hawm, Ostrovsky muaj lwm yam koj nyiam ua. Nws yog passionately nyob rau hauv kev hlub nrog Lyubov Pavlovnu Kositsky-Nikulin, leej twg ua si Catherine ntawm lub premiere ntawm "Cua daj" nyob rau hauv 1859. Tsis ntev, txawm li cas los, muaj ib tug tus kheej so: lub actress cuam ib playwright rau ib tug nplua nuj ua lag luam.

Ces Alexander Nikolayevich muaj kev sib txuas lus nrog tus tub artist Vasilyeva-Bakhmet'eva. Agafya Ivanovna paub txog nws, tab sis bravely ris nws tus ntoo khaub lig, thiab tswj kom hwm tus kheej Ostrovsky. Nws tuag nyob rau hauv 1867, nyob rau lub peb hlis ntuj 6, tom qab ib tug ntev kev mob nkeeg. Alexander tsis tawm hauv nws lub txaj kom txog thaum lub heev kawg. Lub qhov ntxa ntawm cov thawj tus poj niam Ostrovsky tsis paub hais tias.

Ob xyoos tom qab nws sib yuav lub playwright-Bakhmet'eva Vasilyeva, uas yug nws ob tug ntxhais thiab plaub tug tub. Nrog rau qhov no poj niam Alexander nyob kom txog rau thaum nws tuag.

txawj sau ntawv tuag

Lub tense kev thiab muaj tswv yim ua ub no yuav tsis cuam tshuam rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov kws ntawv. Ntxiv mus, txawm ib tug zoo sau ntawm plays thiab nrog ib tug txhua xyoo nyiaj laus ntawm $ 3 txhiab, nyiaj ntsuab Alexander Nikolayevich yeej ib txwm Corporate. Sab sab qhov kev txhawj xeeb, lub cev ntawm tus kws thaum kawg tau ua tsis tau tejyam. Nyob rau hauv 1886, nyob rau 2 Lub rau hli ntuj, tus kws tuag nyob rau hauv nws lub qub txeeg qub tes Shchelykovo nyob ze Kostroma. Huab tais Alexander III tso cai pam tuag playwright 3000 rubles. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus poj ntsuam hauv lub txawj sau ntawv, nws tau tsa ib tug laus nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov 3 txhiab rubles, thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm ntawv ntawm cov me nyuam Ostrowski - txawm 2400 rubles ib xyoo.

chronology

Lub neej thiab creativity Ostrovsky yuav luv luv tso tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug sib lawv liag lub rooj.

Tej yam zoo li twb tag nrho ntawm lub neej thiab creativity Ostrovsky. Rooj uas qhia txog cov loj teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm cov txawj sau ntawv, yuav pab kom to taub nws biography. Txaus ntshai legacy ntawm Alexander Nikolayevich overemphasized. Little Theater tsis tau thaum tus poj artist lub neej tuaj yuav tsum tau hu ua "lub tsev Ostrovsky," thiab nws hais tias ib tug ntau. Creativity Ostrovsky, ib nyuag lus piav qhia txog uas yog teem tawm nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, nws yog tsim nyog los kawm nws nyob rau hauv kom meej.