Lo lus palindrome. Lo lus-shifters

Txij ancient sij hawm, cov neeg muaj attracted rau tag nrho cov tej yam yees siv, inexplicable. Mesmerizing rog xav txog ntawm khoom nyob rau hauv daim iav, attracted los ntawm symmetry, uas feem ntau nws nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nrog lub advent ntawm kev sau ntawv ib tug tshiab txoj kev rau lub loj loj thiab me me keeb - mesmerizing symmetry ntawm tus xov tooj, cov tsiaj ntawv thiab cov cim. Chiv, qhov no tshwm sim tau muab ib yam dawb ceev lub ntsiab lus. Ib txhia neeg tau sim muab lawv cov me nyuam cov npe uas yog nyeem Attendance los ntawm ob tog: Alla, Anna, lol, Nathan - Kuv xav tias hais tias nws coj tau zoo siab. Ancient Slavic runes sau nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog los yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug tsib-taw lub hnub qub, lawv yuav tsum tau nyeem uas muaj ib yam ntawv thiab nws tau muab lawv ib tug tshwj xeeb, tej yam yees siv tseem ceeb. Ob peb ua ke ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, cov xov tooj, cov cim, cov lus uas yuav tsum tau nyeem nyob rau hauv ob peb txoj kev, cov neeg tau pom zoo kom koj hu rau palindromes.

hais lus palindromes

Palindrome (los ntawm cov Greek -. "Khiav rov qab") - cov lus, cov ntawv los yog ib co lus Siv uas yog Attendance (los yog nrog ib co tolerances) nyeem cov tsiaj ntawv nyob rau ob sab. Lo lus-shifters yog heev nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws yog ib lub npe uas nqa loj semantic load: .. Pop, Cossack, radar, pob, stomping, phom me, thiab lwm yam Cov tib teeb meem no yog cai nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus - Suav, Udmurt, Tatar, Spanish, German, Fabkis. Ntawm palindromes yog txawj tej hauj lwm: cov kwv huam, txawm novels.

Pryamohod thiab rakohod

Tiaj ntawv nyeem yog hu ua ib tug palindrome, uas yog nyeem nyob rau hauv raws li ib txwm rau no tsab ntawv nyeem ntawv kev txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hom ntawm Latin thiab Cyrillic cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm cov kev taw qhia los ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis yog hu ua pryamohodom, thiab qhov rov qab, los ntawm txoj kev mus rau sab laug - reversing los yog rakohodom. Nyob rau hauv XVII-XVIII centuries nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab nqe lus thiab cov lus-shifters hu ua "rachimi verses" thiab feem ntau coj qhws comic cim. Tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus palindrome xyaum los ua lub npe hu perevertnem (los ntawm B. Khlebnikov) tab sis nyob rau hauv nruj kev saib xyuas ntawm cov lus Siv tseem txawv. Synonymous nrog lub sij hawm "palindrome" yog tseem lub tswvyim ntawm "amfirifma" (W. Rybinsk) thiab "samorifma" (S. Kirsanov). Sawv daws yeej paub lub palindrome-aphorism Valeria Bryusov: "Kuv - lub koov cheeb tsam."

Monopalindrom thiab multi-kab palindrome

Palindromes sau prose los yog paj huam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv, piv txwv li. E. Muab faib ua kab. Nqe lus-shifters los sis ib nqe los yog prose tsis, lawv yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi mus rau aphorisms: "Muse, ranyas Awl kev, nej thov Vajtswv kom lub siab."

Tej zaum lo lus palindrome yog siv nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm ib tug txawj ua hauj lwm. Piv txwv li, ib phau ntawv ntawm cov kwv huam Voznesensky hu ua "axiom samopoiska" thiab zaj dab neeg V. Nabirkovoy - "ntuj raug txim yog zoo li lub ntuj raug txim raws li ib tug muaj." Yog hais tias ib tug palindrome yog muab faib mus rau hauv ib txoj kab, zoo li ib tug paj huam yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv monopalindroma, piv txwv li, tus qauv uas yog nyeem yuj yees tsis kab los ntawm kab, thiab tus kawg rau thaum pib.

• Nau-a txoj kev ntseeg - ib lub caij nyoog rau Xi-oos
  Tab sis Yexus rau lub pob - Villon. (Dmitry Avaliani.)

Muaj multi-palindromes, nyob rau hauv uas txhua kab - Changeling:

• Ntuj raug txim - ntshaw!
  Ntuj raug txim - hluav taws, kev sib ntxub!
  Ntuj raug txim tej zaum lub ntsiab. (Vladimir Gershuni.)

Qhov no paj huam yog perevertnem nyob rau hauv lub strictest kev txiav txim zoo ntawm lub sij hawm.

axis palindrome

Ib txhia soj ntsuam cais palindromes nyob rau hauv complexity. Ua li no nyob rau hauv kev xyaum txoj kev tshawb no nkag tau lub tswvyim ntawm "palindromic axis" los yog "perevertnya axis". Qhov no yog ib qho xav txog tej yam kab uas sau los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv los yog nruab nrab ntawm lawv thiab faib cov ntawv nyeem palindrome rau hauv ob qhov chaw kom ib tug ib feem ntawm tsab ntawv no yog ib hom ntawm rov qab ntawm lwm tus ib feem. Piv txwv li, lo lus palindrome "Atakazakata" invented Bryusov tau ntsawj tsab ntawv "h". Nyob rau hauv kab Velimir Khlebnikov "setuy, pob zeb 'perevertnya axis kis los ntawm tsab ntawv" d. " Soj ntsuam ntawm ntseeg tias cov kev taw qhia mus rau hauv kev xyaum ntawm cov nrig txog kev pom tswvyim ntawm "axis" proves tias palindromes - tej daim ntawm lus kos duab.

Yog thiab tsis muaj tseeb palindromes

Lub caij nyoog palindrome nyeem nyob rau ob sab tib yam nkaus. Cov no muaj xws, piv txwv li, lo lus palindrome "Cossack" los yog kab lus Ladygina Nicholas "Matt no thiab muaj." Qhov siab tshaj plaws degree ntawm cov neeg yuav tsum tau hais tias rov qab nyeem ntawv yog fwm tsis tau tsuas yog rau tag nrho cov neeg ntawm cov ua cim txoj hlua, tab sis kuj tso ib tug qhov chaw ntawm lo lus. Palindromic nruj style ntawm lub tsev tso cai rau ib co kev ywjpheej. Yog li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug mismatch tej qhov chaw, loj thiab me ntawv, thiab cov uas tsis muaj kev sib cais nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv "e" thiab "f".

Lub palindrome sau freestyle, txais inaccuracies rakohoda, hyphenation thiab ib tsab ntawv cov hlua. Tej zaum tso tawm tus kos npe rau ntawm softness thiab hardness (b, b), tsab ntawv "J", "Y" yog hloov los ntawm "THIAB", "W". Doubling cov tsiaj ntawv. Muaj suab palindromes nyob rau hauv uas tsuas yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account lub cim zoo. Lawv tsis txawv nyob rau hauv lub "O" thiab "E" tom qab hissing, "O" thiab "A" kom haum thiab tsis muaj. Xws li yog cov aphorism Grigoriev Victor Petrovich: "Sam tuaj thiab nqa tus nees ntawm lub masses." Muaj alphanumeric palindromes, nyob rau hauv uas lub tus nab npawj "0" coincides nrog tsab ntawv "O", "3" = "W" thiab "4" = "H".

Lexical ratio (PR)

Lub sij hawm "lexical piv" raws li tau thov mus rau ib tug palindrome tswvcuab A. D. Ehrlich. Nws yog ib qho taw qhia ntawm innovation thiab cim palindromic kev kawm ntawv. Ehrlich tau - tus piv ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv nyob rau hauv cov lus hais siv rau tus xov tooj ntawm cov lo lus nyob rau hauv nws. Thaum xam tsis coj mus rau tus account ib tsab ntawv lus: prepositions "nyob rau hauv" thiab "c" Lo lus "thiab", "tab sis" thiab thiaj on. Yog li, raws li lawv aesthetic qualities palindrome Vladimir Rybinsk (LC-5.6) "Vodochody nyiaj khwv tau los leeg yog tsis paub hais tias zam" ntau dua li ob Pavla Nagorskih (LC-3.4) "Lit siab tab sis lub ntsej muag thiab mus ob peb vas mutil // Lev, lawv coj thiab pw tsaug zog hits ... "

nonverbal palindromes

Benefit palindrome yuav muaj ib tug uas tsis yog-hais lus daim ntawv. Piv txwv li, muaj cov palindromes-tooj uas nyeem los ntawm kawg li zoo li thaum pib. Nyob rau hauv kev kawm txog zauv, muaj yog lub lag luam "tig thiab quav", lub essence ntawm cov uas dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias muab cov thawj decimal tooj, nrog nws cov inverted daim qauv ntawm koj yuav tau txais ib tug palindrome: 56 + 65 = 121; 521 + 125 = 646. Palindromes-xov tooj muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb cov khawv koob, uas yuav mus rau unravel tej zaum thiab mathematicians.

"Shifters" cai los ntawm biologists nyob rau hauv cov lug ntawm nucleic acid: tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm palindromes nyob rau hauv tus tib neeg lub genome nce mus txog 1 million Nyob rau hauv cov suab paj nruag muaj tej hauj lwm uas yuav tsum tau ua si endlessly .. Piv txwv li plays yog "Txoj Kev ntawm lub ntiaj teb" Moshelsa, "Brindisi Suab paj nruag rau ob tug" Amadeus Mozart. Thawj ua hauj lwm no yog ua si nyob rau hauv lub qub txoj kev, ces tig dua tus sau ntawv, tab sis lub suab paj nruag tsis hloov, thiab qhov chaw uas sab saum toj thiab hauv qab ntawm qhov chaw uas nyob rau hauv lub cim ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav txiav txim. Palindromic paradoxes nyiam cov neeg ntawm txawv ceg ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab discoveries nyob rau hauv daim teb no yog yeej ib txwm ceeb thiab unpredictable.

Palindromes nyob rau hauv keeb kwm

Palindromes nyob ib lub sij hawm ntev dhau los. Lub hiob tseem muaj sia nyob turncoats sau nyob rau hauv Latin thiab sau hnub tim rau lub xyoo pua 4. n. e. Qhov no lub tswv yim Sator Arepo Tenet opera rotas, uas txhais tau tias: "Tus tseb noob ntawm AREP NW nyuam qhuav yuav lub log." Interestingly, lub kaw kab lus nyob rau hauv square zoo:

• SATOR
  AREPO
  Tenet
  opera
  Rota S.

Ancient palindrome nyeem nyob rau hauv plaub ntau txoj kev: horizontally thiab mas, sab laug thiab txoj cai. Ancient square endowed nrog tej yam yees siv zog. Nws twb ntseeg tau tias cov khawv koob lus yuav tiv thaiv kev mob nkeeg thiab cov kab mob, thiab ntawm cov ntsujplig phem. Nyob rau hauv ancient Rome, cov squares nrog no mysterious kab lus txiav down ntawm cov phab ntsa palaces thiab temples. Nyob rau hauv lub Nrab Hnub nyoog palindrome xwm li nyob rau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm Christian churches.

Nyob rau hauv ancient Tuam Tshoj, nws kuj yog cov piv txwv ntawm palindromic paj huam. Muaj ntau soj ntsuam ntawm muaj sau tseg hais tias, palindromes muaj kev thov Vajtswv-muab tej txiaj ntsim zagovorno zog thiab ces siv li no. Piv txwv li, lub "wrapping" cov kab lus "muab pov tseg lawm los ntawm tus tub sab ntawm nyuj thiab cov leej" yog cov lus hais rau kev ncaj ncees yog. Paj Lug, dhau lawm, tej zaum peb muaj ib tug palindromic tsev "zoo li ib tug tsov ntxhuav thiab yog leej niam yog zoo kawg thiab." Lub hiob Lavxias teb sab palindrome siv cov clowns nyiam cov neeg tuaj saib thaum lub sij hawm nws ua yeeb yam: "Nyob rau hauv lub hauv pliaj, koj dag!"

Lavxias teb sab palindromes

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus yog ib qhov nyuaj los tsim palindromes. Zoo li, tsis muaj dab tsi interesting lem. Txawm li cas los, Yog hais tias koj mus nrhiav, txawm nyob rau hauv lawv haiv neeg cov lus muaj lus-shifters, thiab tej zaum kuj tseem ua ke. Muaj coob tus neeg paub palindromichnye surnames, lub npe, lo lus los ntawm cov phau ntawv los yog hais lus, piv txwv li: Anna, Titus, Nathan, Alla, azÃ, ib tug Anikin, Anizina, Kutukov, Vodochody, Ni'lin, Nisin, nyuj, Kuvuk, Volokolokolov, Aneena, anyÃ, Gog , Yu, Nitin, Nivin, Nikin, Anisina, Anilolina, Anililina thiab thiaj li nyob. Tseem muaj ntau yam lus yooj yim thiab cov tsev koom nyiaj: nyob ntawm no, los yog, cov nyiaj tau Kotok (miv), pas, tsev pheebsuab, tus loj leeb, kev sib cav, ib tug dej nyab, ib tug Cossack tavern, ua noj, qhov muag, cia li NW nyuam qhuav, ntau, ntau, thiab cov zoo li. Yog li, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus muaj palindromes. Piv txwv li kab lus thiab cov nqe lus:

• Argentina hu hais tias Negro.
• Hais txog Misha mis nyuj.
• Nws tuag, thiab kev kaj siab rau nws.
• Kuv nce rau hauv cov quav.
• Peb mam ntoo qhib.
• Muzzle Cossack qab lub scenes.
• "Cia mus!" - Yoov kua zaub tais Maxim. - "Cia yoov kua zaub!"

Palindromes rau cov me nyuam

Cov nqe lus thiab cov lus uas yog nyeem nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si qhia, nco ntsoov yuav tsum tau xav nyob rau hauv cov tub hluas. Lawv yuav txaus siab rau cov khawv koob uas yog fraught nrog palindromes. Piv txwv rau cov me nyuam:

• Nyob rau hauv tsev ib tug thawv rau khaub ncaws.
• Nws noj quav nyab.
• Lesch rau saum txee kab Kuv pom.
• Miv dragged os.
• Noj tsis ntxuav cia koj tsawg!

Koj tau ua si nrog tus hais mav nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua si, "Xav txog koj palindromes." Nws yog yooj yim zoo nkauj. Sim noj cov yooj yim lo lus "Az" thiab ntxiv cov tsab ntawv "A". Tau ib tug yooj yim lo lus palindrome "azÃ". Ces ntxiv ib tsab ntawv "rau" yuav "azÃ-rau." Yog hais tias countless lub sij hawm rov "-Qhov no" hais tias ib tug palindrome yuav infinite "azà vim, -Qhov no, -Qhov no ...- rau." Koj muaj peev xwm nyom neeg ua hauj lwm. Piv txwv li, koj yuav tau them cov xim rau cov lo lus "boa". Yog hais tias koj nyeem rau lwm txoj kev nyob ib ncig ntawm yuav "nyob rau hauv ntuj raug txim." Li ntawd, kuv yug ib tug palindrome: "boa nyob rau hauv ntuj raug txim." Cov kev kawm no yog kawm nco, stimulating qhov chaw ntawm lub paj hlwb uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau paub cov tsiaj ntawv thiab ua lus los ntawm lawv. Cov hais mav tsim sab kev xav, uas yog heev pab rau lawv nyob rau hauv lub neej. Lo lus-shifters rau cov me nyuam - nws yog me ntsis txog cov lub peev xwm ntawm cov haiv neeg lus nyob rau hauv ib tug playful txoj kev.

Tsis ntev los no thwmsim

Copyright palindromes nyob rau hauv lub XVII xyoo pua, thaum lub sij hawm tshwm sim ntawm syllabic paj huam. Nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus mus rau lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo, lub nto moo tshaj plaws yog palindromes nqe lus Derzhavin Gavriil Romanovich: "Kuv yuav txiav txim rau cov rab ntaj", "Kuv txhais hais tias lub kaj ntug ntawm lub hlwb." Nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua, ntau yam thwmsim nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm paj huam coj mus rau nthuav palindromaticheskih cov ntaub ntawv. Lavxias teb sab paj huam Bryusov thiab V. Khlebnikov sim coj nyob rau hauv palindromes aesthetic hauv paus ntsiab lus. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo, Voznesensky twb sim mus txuas nrog rau cov qhov muag pom palindromic txheej txheem.

Niaj hnub nimno palindromistami yog D. Avaliani V. Gershuni, B. Goldstein, A. Bubnov, G. Lukomnikov. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, yog li ntawd thov kom muab cov ntsiab ntawm ib tug palindrome nyob rau hauv txoj kev lus thiab zaum (tsis hais ntawm tej yam ntuj tso lus), uas muab cov ntawv nyeem ib tug peculiar suab (Biryukov thiab S. Serge Segay).

Cov lus sib txawv ntawm txawv txoj kev tshawb no palindromes. Neologisms tau raug tsim, ua tej yam txawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thiab cov ntsiab lus thwmsim. Coined los ntawm tus coos lo lus nyob rau hauv txhua hnub hais lus - palindrome saippuakauppias, uas nyob rau hauv txhais lus los ntawm Finnish lus txhais tau tias "xab npum salesman." Nyob rau hauv peb haiv neeg hom lus, koj muaj peev xwm tsim thawj palindromic constructing - qhov no kev ua si yuav pab tau rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus. Mus rau nws, thiab koj yuav kawm tau ntawv zoo!