Keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow - dab tsi mus xyuas? Review ntawm cov keeb kwm puas nyob rau hauv Moscow

Muaj tseeb tiag, priceless cuab yeej cuab tam khaws cia keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow. Mus tshawb tag nrho cov raug, tsis txaus rau ib tug lub neej. Tab sis ib co ntawm lawv, peb xav kom koj mus los paub. Peb muaj ib tug nyuag ncig saib ntawm lub nto moo tshaj plaws thiab noteworthy puas ntawm lub peev.

Lub State keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow

Feem ntau ntawm Russians zoo xav txog tej yam ib tug peb-zaj dabneeg liab cib tsev nrog ib tug dawb ru tsev, nyob rau Red Square.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab xeev Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej yog founded hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1872 los ntawm txoj cai ntawm Alexander II. Nyob rau hauv 1974, lub nroog council tau faib rau qhov kev siv ntawm cov liab Square cheeb tsam ntawm thaj av, nyob qhov twg nws pw nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis ntawm hauv tib lub xyoo, nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov huab tais. Lub tsev nyob rau pseudo-Lavxias teb sab style nrog cov ntsiab ntawm tus yees tau tsim los ntawm lub vajtse thiab engineer Shevrudom Semenov. Nws yog organically haum rau tus uas twb muaj cov khaub ncaws ntau ntawm cov Moscow Kremlin thiab Vasiliya Blazhennogo Cathedral. Hall Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej decorations rau naas ej ntxias nyob rau hauv Moscow, Vasnetsov, Korovin, Aivazovsky, Repin. Siv cov kev faib txuas ntxiv kom txog thaum 1881, thiab nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1883 lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau ntsib tus thawj tourists.

Cov tsev khaws puav pheej exhibition, muaj raws ntawm ze li ntawm 5 lab thiab 14 lab cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xav tag nrho cov ua sawv ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Russia - los ntawm ancient sij hawm mus rau lub ntxov thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Tus thawj sau los ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej yuav teev cia tau ua lub Crimean ua tsov ua rog. Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, ib co hniav ntsiab tau raug tshem tawm, thiab paintings whitened. Nyob rau hauv lub lig 80-ies ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem pib ib tug loj-scale restoration rov qab rau cov historic tsos ntawm uas tau raug txum tim rov los ntawm tus kawg ntawm 2003. Nyob rau hauv 2006, ua hauj lwm tau ua tiav nyob rau hauv lub ruaj khov exhibition, uas yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv sib lawv liag kev txiav txim thiab tam sim no occupies 39 chav nyob rau hauv ob plag tsev. Txhua ntu retracted nws chav, thiab cov thawj ntawm lawv - lub teev muaj feem xyuam rau cov txheej thaum ub communal system.

Muaj ntau nthuav thiab cim khw muag khoom noj Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow. teev Peb sau yuav luag ib nrab xyoo. Ntawm no yog ib co ntawm lawv:

• Txoj mammoth tusks nyob rau tus ntug dej ntawm lub Yenisei River los ntawm Irkutsk merchant Gromov nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua thiab pub lawv mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej.

• Hollowed pob zeb taus los ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm ntoo qhib tawv ntev ntawm 7.5 meters. Nws twb nrhiav tau rau ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm lub Don nyob ze Voronezh City nyob rau hauv 1954.

• Ib daim ntawv txog lub burial hauv lub chaw nres tsheb Sungir nyob rau hauv Vladimir, uas nws muaj hnub nyoog muaj ntau tshaj li 25 txhiab. Years.

• Taman sarcophagus IV xyoo pua BC. Nws twb pom nyob rau hauv pib ntawm lub xeem tiam nyob rau hauv ib thaj chaw uas muaj siv mus yuav ib tug ancient Greek lub xeev ntawm Bosporus lub nceeg vaj, uas nyob rau hauv lub Kerch thiab Taman ceg av qab teb.

• Tashtyktsev funerary qhov ncauj qhov ntswg, uas xav txog tej yam dab tsi yog cov tsos ntawm cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv yav qab teb Siberia nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua II BC. e. - V xyoo pua BC. e.

• Ua los ntawm round horn haus hlab ntsha - rhytons.

• "Nej" - tus thawj tsab sib tam rov qab mus rau lub 1800s.

• Mummified seem ntawm Lavxias teb sab 25-xyoo-laus poj niam lub sij hawm ntawm cov neeg Iyiv pyramids.

• Tus thawj birch-tawv scroll XIV xyoo pua, pom ze Novgorod nyob rau hauv 1951. Qhov no yog ib daim ntawv qhia nyob rau hauv tus sau los ntawm nyiaj tsim los ntawm Pawg Boyar Patrimony.

Lub Moscow Kremlin puas

Nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub capital, nyob rau hauv lub Kremlin, muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb tsev cia puav pheej. Lawv koom siab los ntawm ib lub npe - tus Moscow Kremlin puas. Ib tug tag nrho ntawm rau: lub Armory, Deposition ntawm lub Robe tsev teev ntuj, tsev cia puav ntawm Applied Art thiab lub neej ntawm cov XVII caug xyoo, lub Assumption, thawj tubtxib saum ntuj thiab Annunciation Cathedral.

Armory

Keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow muaj xws li lub zoo-paub tag nrho cov thoob lub Txhab nyiaj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, lub npe tom qab lub ancient Kremlin nyiaj. Cov tsev khaws puav pheej occupies ib tug tsev uas tsim los ntawm kws kes duab vajtse K. Tuj nyob rau hauv 1891. Armory sau muaj hniav nyiaj hniav kub lub muaj koob muaj npe tso nyiaj thiab lub Patriarch lub vestry, los ntawm Kremlin masters, thiab pub rau lub embassies ntawm lwm lub teb chaws.

Nws muaj lub ceremonial tsar khaub ncaws coronation tiab, lub xeev regalia, khaub ncaws hierarchs ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub tsev teev ntuj, cov khoom gunsmiths, ib tug sau ntawm cov khoom ua los ntawm cov nyiaj thiab kub, los ntawm Lavxias teb sab masters of art ntawm nyiaj los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, phab xis, nees ceremonial sam xauv nees. Tag nrho teev ntawm lub Armory yog lub siab tshaj plaws artistic, keeb kwm thiab kev cai tus nqi. Cov tsev khaws puav pheej qhia txog plaub txhiab khoom uas kawm askiv thiab crafts ntawm Lavxias teb sab xeev, lub teb chaws ntawm East thiab teb chaws Europe, los ntawm cov IV xyoo pua rau thaum pib ntawm lub XX.

Puas nyob rau hauv Moscow hnub no yog nruab nrog lub tseeb technology: Cov neeg tuaj saib muaj lub sij hawm mus kom zoo dua ntawm hluav taws xob qhia mus rau lub Armory.

assumption Cathedral

Nyob rau centuries, nws yog lub ntsiab lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Russia. Muaj tau crowned emperors coronation, taub hau ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, raws li zoo raws li qhov kev faus patriarchs thiab metropolitans.

Cov neeg tuaj saib ntsia pib ib tug zoo kawg iconostasis nyob rau hauv qhov siab tshaj 16 meters. Muaj kuj yog lub teb chaws lub loj tshaj plaws sau los ntawm cov feem ntau precious thiab revered icons, cov khaub ncaws ntau ntawm monumental painting, Thov vaj tswv Ivan VI ntawm qhov chaw, lub keeb kwm necropolis.

Cathedral ntawm tus Annunciation

Keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow yog nyob rau hauv ntau ancient cathedrals. Annunciation - ib qho ntawm cov hiob monuments ntawm lub Moscow Kremlin, ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm lub Moscow thiab Pskov architecture nyob rau hauv lub XV tiam raws li lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov poj Lavxias teb sab princes thiab kav cov vaj ntxwv. Thoob plaws hauv nws cov keeb kwm, nws tau undergone ntau yam hloov. Ancient shestiyarusny iconostasis, muaj raws ntawm ze li ntawm ib puas ntawm icons, thiab cov khaub ncaws ntau ntawm monumental paintings ntawm kuj zoo kawg tus nqi. Raws li cov kev soj ntsuam, ib co ntawm cov icons ntawm cov nyiaj so koobtsheej series pleev xim rau los ntawm tus poj Andrei Rublev thiab lub icon ntawm lub Deesis series sau los ntawm Theophanes lub Greek.

Cathedral ntawm tus thawj tubtxib saum ntuj

Cathedral, extant, ua tau 500 xyoo dhau los, tab sis nws cov keeb kwm pib txawm nyob rau hauv 1247-1248 xyoo. Nws yog tus thawj burial qhov chaw ntawm lub zoo Lavxias teb sab princes. Ob tug mob qog nqaij hlav thiab 47 tombs nyob rau hauv lub necropolis muaj. Cov phab ntsa thiab ncej ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog portraits ntawm Moscow rulers.

Lub tsev teev ntuj Deposition ntawm lub Robe

Tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov patriarchs thiab metropolitans ua tau nyob rau hauv lub XV xyoo pua nyob rau hauv lub lig kev cai ntawm thaum ntxov-Moscow architecture nrog cov ntsiab ntawm cov Pskov architecture. Lub me me lub tsev teev ntuj yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub Palace ntawm seb thiab cov Dormition Cathedral. Iconostasis, sau los ntawm Nazario Istomin yog artistic tus nqi. Cov painting rau ntawm cov phab ntsa yog ua los ntawm medieval canons nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XVII caug xyoo. Lub tsev teev ntuj nyob ib qho exhibition ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntoo puab. Cov monuments, uas niaj hnub no tseem yog ib tug me ntsis, tau sau nyob rau hauv ntau yam Lavxias teb sab lub koom txoos.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Applied Art thiab lub neej ntawm XVII xyoo pua

Nyob rau hauv lub yawg suab Chambers, ib tug qub palace ntawm Lavxias teb sab yawg suab, uas ua tau rau lub Nikon. Cov tub hluas ntxhais tsev cia puav pheej yog founded hauv 1962 thiab raws li exhibition muaj xws li teev ntawm lub Armory. Cov tsev khaws puav pheej, uas yog tsis muaj tsev nyob rau hauv tib lub era, uas qhia recreated historic interiors. Nyob rau hauv cov thawj chav muaj tus kheej tej yam uas Patriarch Nikon thiab lwm yam taub hau ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Keeb kwm thiab artistic tus nqi yog surplices, staves, tog vaj tog tsev.

Cov tsev khaws puav pheej muaj antique rooj tog, caskets, chests, ntoos, checkers, chess nyiaj. Feem ntau ntawm cov teev yog ib tug tseem ceeb tais diav: khob, kub thiab nyiaj tais diav, khob, kua txob, ntsev co.

Zoo sawv cev cov txiv neej thiab poj niam hniav nyiaj hniav kub: buckles, nyees khawm, cuff mus, qhwv ntsej, ib ncig. Ntawm cov teev - cov kaus mom, lub tsev thiab lub tsev teev ntuj khaub ncaws los ntawm kim fabrics.

Ntawm no yog tshaaj thaud dai kom zoo nkauj nrog Miniatures, muaj yeeb yuj screensavers, xaus. Cov lawv yog cov cim daim ntawv ua rau lub Tsarevich Alexei, - Primer Karion Istomin.

Muab ib qho chaw, thiab tus huab tais lub Lom Zem. Qhov no mus yos hav zoov cov khoom: traps, hmuv rau cov tibneeg knurled kub, nrog phom ntawm kaus ntxhw thiab leej niam ntawm pearl, cov hmoov zoo flasks, bows thiab xib xub ntawm cypress, birch, cedar,

Paleontological Tsev khaws puav pheej

Qhia thiab kev kawm chaw uas tsis muaj lawv cov zoo nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, yog ib feem ntawm lub eponymous lub koom haum ntawm Lavxias teb sab Academy ntawm Sciences thiab yog pom tias yog ib lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws tej yam ntuj tso keeb kwm puas.

Nws twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv 1937. Nyob rau hauv 1954 nws yog kaw vim hais tias ntawm lub cev tsis haum rau tag nrho cov teev heev me ntsis qhov chaw: tag nrho cov chav nyob los ntawm hais txog 700 square meters. m, nplooj siab mus rau Suav Orlov arena rau hauv lub loj Kaluga tam sim no Leninsky Prospekt. Nws yuav tsum tau ib daim tsev. Nws siv pib xwb nyob rau hauv xyoo 1972 nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo nkauj qhov chaw nyob rau sab qab teb-sab hnub poob ntawm lub capital. Yuav luag nees nkaum xyoo nws coj mus tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb tsev cia puav pheej complex. Nyob rau hauv 1987, ib tug tshiab Dinosaur Tsev khaws puav pheej thawj qhib cov qhov rooj rau cov neeg tuaj saib.

Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov exhibition - cov evolution ntawm cov organic ntiaj teb no lub ntiaj teb. Ib cheeb tsam ntawm txog 5000 sq. m. Lub rau halls xa txog 5,000 teev. Txhua chav muaj nplooj siab rau ib tug tej theem nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov organic ntiaj teb no lub ntiaj teb.

• Introductory nrog. Qhov ncig saib pib rau ib zaj dab neeg hais txog paleontology, nws seem thiab kev loj hlob. Lub ntsiab sau nrog - lub cev pob txha ntawm ib tug mammoth pom nyob rau hauv Siberia nyob rau hauv 1842. Ntawm no yog tej hub panels, reflecting evolution ntawm lub neej ntawm cov seas. On thib ob pem teb ntawm lub cuab yog tshaaj portraits zaum los ntawm ntau lub sij hawm, kawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ntawm organics. Ntawm lawv yog cov xws zoo-paub personalities, zoo li Darwin thiab Lomonosov. Sau portraits ua los ntawm hammered tooj liab - artist A. Chernov.

• Qhov thib ob nrog yog nplooj siab mus rau lub Precambrian thiab thaum ntxov Paleozoic. Ntawm no koj yuav kawm txog thawj uas muaj sia nyob inhabiting lub ntiaj teb: cov nroj tsuag thiab invertebrates. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov chav tsev yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog artistic thiab monumental tej hauj lwm depicting cov neeg sawv cev ntawm muaj thiab fauna ntawm lub sij hawm: pob zeb carving, tej hub panels, sculptures ua los ntawm ceramics.

• Nyob rau hauv lub thib peb nrog cov neeg tuaj xyuas yuav tau ntsib nrog rau cov geological yav dhau los ntawm lub Moscow cheeb tsam thiab puag ncig chaw, uas tshaj lab xyoo nyob rau hauv dej. Muaj qhia qhov seem ntawm tus kab mob no uas inhabited lub cheeb tsam ntawm txawv sij hawm: algae, invertebrates thiab ntses.

• plaub nrog teev yuav mus rau lub caij Paleozoic thiab thaum ntxov Mesozoic. Qhov tshwj xeeb mloog yog yuav tsum tau txais Northern Dvina gallery nrog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm skeletons thiab loj loj cov tsiaj reptiles dinotsefalov uas sib sau ua xib fwb Amalitsky. Nyob rau cov phab ntsa hauv lub chav tsev koj yuav saib tau lub tswv yim zoo dluab ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm woodcarving thiab tej hub reliefs pleev xim rau. Decorate lub chav tsev ua los ntawm hammered tooj liab phylogenetic tsob ntoo ntawm vertebrates thiab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub chandelier nrog cov dluab ntawm ancient vertebrates.

• Lub tsib nrog yuav paub qhua mus rau cov organic ntiaj teb no ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov Mesozoic thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm lizards uas lub sij hawm. Ntawm no yog tus sau los ntawm cov noog thiab dinosaurs ntawm lub Jurassic thiab Cretaceous sij hawm. Ib yam ntawm cov loj teev - Diplodocus, nrog ib tug cam khwb cia ntawm lub cev pob txha uas twb pub nyob rau hauv 1910 los ntawm Nicholas II American E. Carnegie nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 300th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub Romanov dynasty.

• Qhov thib rau chav tsev yog mob siab rau lub Cenozoic era tsiaj ntawm keeb kwm. Ntawm no yog tshaaj los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm muaj thiab fauna. Ntawm kev txaus siab yog cov skeletons ntawm giant phaw twj kum-paraceratherium, mastodon-gomphotherium, bolsherogogo mos lwj, lub qhov tsua bears.

Central Armed Forces Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow

Lub keeb kwm ntawm nws cov inception nyob rau hauv 1919, thaum ib tug mus tas exhibition "Lub neej ntawm lub Red Army thiab Navy" yog tsim los pab.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub Armed Forces ntawm peb lub teb chaws yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub 15 000 teev, uas yog tshaaj nyob rau hauv 24 halls occupying ib cheeb tsam ntawm 5,000 square meters. M. Cov ntaub ntawv no tso rau hauv sib lawv liag: lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog mus txog rau thaum 1917, thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog, lub Red Army tus neeg zov ntawm lub Soviet Union thaum lub sij hawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, lub postwar xyoo, lub Soviet Armed Forces. Nthuav cov ntaub ntawv, khoom plig, duab, riam phom thiab tub rog cov khoom, ib tug sau ntawm banners, tej khoom ntawm cov tub rog commanders, tub ceev xwm thiab cov tub rog.

Lwm yam keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow

Daim ntawv teev cov keeb kwm puas yuav mus ntxiv. Cov lawv lub tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Kawm History, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1917 thiab rau rau siab ua Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm txij thaum lub nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua mus rau lub mid-thib nees nkaum caug xyoo.

Moscow Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm kws muaj txuj ci pib nws lub neej nyob rau hauv 1981 nrog rau cov exhibition, uas yog timed mus rau coincide nrog lub fortieth hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow.

Lwm cov tub rog Keeb kwm Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Moscow - lub Central Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog. Lub memorial complex twb qhib rau Poklonnaya Hill nyob rau hauv 1995 rau lub 50 hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub yeej.

Moscow keeb kwm tsev cia puav pheej yuav tsis yuav xav tsis Moscow lub tsev cia puav pheej, uas twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1896 los ntawm cov City Council. Ces nws hu ua lub Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub Moscow nroog economy, thiab cov thawj qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob twb Krestovsky dej yees. Moscow tsev cia puav pheej theem ua ke ob peb departments: Archaeology, qub txeeg qub tes kab lis kev cai, lub keeb kwm ntawm Lefortovo, English loog.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Archaeology ntawm Moscow tau qhib raws li ib tug ceg ntawm lub Moscow Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub 850th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub capital nyob rau hauv 1997. Rau nws ua tau underground pavilion ntawm ib tug tob ntawm 7 meters nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub archaeological chaw ua hauj lwm thaum lub sij hawm reconstruction Manege Square nyob rau hauv lub 90s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo.

English farmstead kuj siv mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej Keeb kwm ntawm Moscow thiab yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob vaj tse ntawm lub peev. Ntawm cov teev: "Moscow medieval ob lub qhov muag ntawm neeg txawv teb chaws", "Keeb kwm ntawm lub Anglo-Lavxias teb sab kev sib raug zoo XV-XII centuries", "Keeb kwm ntawm lub Chambers ntawm cov lus Askiv lub tsev hais plaub." tas mus li exhibition "Mus saib Elizabeth II nyob rau hauv 1994 Chambers Qub lus Askiv Court nyob rau hauv Moscow" nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej.