Ib tug turbofan engine PD-14 specifications, ib tug kev sib piv xeem, siv

Tam sim no, domestic aircraft lag luam yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tsi ntawm "limbo" xeev: nyob rau hauv ib tes, nws yog, nyob rau lwm yam - tsis muaj niaj hnub aircraft purely domestic kev loj hlob tshaj yav dhau los xyoo, peb tsis tau pom. Thiab "Super dav hlau" tsis suav, txij li thaum nws los ntawm Russia - tsuas yog "ntswj ntsia hlau los ua ke". Vam thiab cia siab rau lub aircraft lag luam yog cov evocation ntawm PD-14 cav yam ntxwv (piv nrog analogues) uas tso cai rau nws hu mus rau ib tug ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los.

Lub developers cia siab hais tias lub tsev lag luam ntawm lub tshiab lub cev muaj zog lub feem ntau dej siab tej yam nyob rau lub xeev ntawm tag nrho cov domestic aviation kev lag luam thiab yuav ua rau kom lub creation ntawm ntau hauj lwm tshiab.

Tus tshiab project

Yuav ua li cas feem ntau tsim tshiab engine PD-14? Nta (kev sib piv nrog txawv teb chaws ua qauv) niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab tshuab tau tej uas urgently yuav tsum tau mus tsim ib yam dab tsi radically tshiab. Cov designers tau coj los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim lub hwj chim nroj tsuag, uas yuav mus txuas ntxiv los tsim thiab txhim tsa lawv tus kheej aircraft nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 130 mus rau 180 rooj. Lub tsuas tus neeg caij tsheb nyob rau hauv nws cov chav kawm ntawv thiab ib tug tag nrho Lavxias teb sab keeb kwm - Tu-214. Nws ntau lawm nyob rau hauv me me tseem niaj hnub no.

Tab sis cov no aircraft thaum muaj xwm ceev yog tsis txaus, peb yuav tsum tau cov khoom los mus hloov cov tag nrho fleet ntawm lub teb chaws. Tab sis yuav ua li cas qhov no tsis muaj kiag li tshiab cav - kiag li tsis yooj yim sua. Rau kev specifications thiab muaj peev xwm yog tsis zoo li cas yuav tsum tsis txhob muab rau hauv lawv cov counterparts los ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus leading manufacturers.

Nyob rau hauv kev, vim tsis ntev los no Ukrainian cov txheej xwm thiab ua kom tiav rupture ntawm kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv tus muaj sector ntawm ob lub teb chaws, enormous tseem ceeb engine PD-14 (specifications, kev sib piv - nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm) kuj nyob rau hauv lub nam ntawm tag nrho cov rooj txhawb siab ntawm tus tsim thiab siv thiab ua cov roj turbine xyaw nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nws cov tsev lag luam txoj kev npaj los daws kom tau ob peb muaj teeb meem loj:

• Sau kom tiav restructuring ntawm lub civil aviation kev lag luam los ntawm reallocating cwj pwm thiab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv peb tes num ntawm tshiab players.
• Thaum kawg, nws yog npaj rau faib rau tej thaj chaw ntawm lub luag hauj lwm thiab rov tsim ib tug faib ntawm hauj lwm hauv lub tshav pob ntawm kev siv thiab ua cov aviation khoom, uas twb tag pov tseg thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union.
• Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tes num creators raug suav rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab polymeric thiab puas cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog heev xav tau niaj hnub Aerospace kev lag luam.

Yuav ua li cas nws tag nrho cov pib?

Lub tswv yim hais tias lub teb chaws urgently xav tau ib tug tshiab aircraft engine, tau yug los nyob rau hauv lub depths ntawm "Aircraft Cav", thaum cov huab cua yog thaum pib ntawm 2000. Lub sij hawm thaum nws yog ib yam nyuaj heev, tab sis vim hais tias nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag qhov project no, ob peb ntseeg.

Tab sis lub koom haum ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no zoo zoo thiab tej hom phiaj kawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov tshuab, raws li zoo raws li rau kev tsom xam cov kev ua lag luam ntawm domestic tsheb, ua rau koj twv seb zoo li cas ntawm lub cev muaj zog hom nyob rau hauv lub civil aviation kev lag luam yog nyob rau hauv siab thov. Yuav ua li cas raws nraim yuav tsum muab sau ua ke cav PD-14? Nta (sib piv thiab sib) nws nrog rau txawv teb chaws kuaj tsuas tau qhia nws cov cim superiority.

Yog vim li cas? Nws yog qhov yooj yim. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, cov khoom ntawm txawv teb chaws aircraft manufacturers rau "thawb" peb ciaj uas muag yog cov tsis tshua txhoj puab heev txoj kev. Alas, nyob rau hauv tsis muaj me me kev ntsuas pab rau qhov no, thiab ib co managers. Niaj hnub no, vim yog lub txim, qhov no yog tsis yog li ntawd tseem ceeb. Ntxiv mus, lub xeev nws tus kheej "mam li nco dheev" ua xav nyob rau hauv lub tau ntawm domestic ntau lawm xyaw. Yog li ntawd, lub tuam txhab ntawm "Aircraft Cav" ces sai sai muab rau kev tsom xam ntawm ob domestic thiab txawv teb chaws xov xwm.

Lub ntsiab hom phiaj ntawm lub project

Lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm yog muaj ib tug tau nqi, uas yuav tsum tau cov khoom tiag tiag pib yuav nquag. Nws yog ces hais tias lub tswv yim mus tsim ib tug unified thiab universal roj generator. Yog hais tias nws nca muab tsis tau, ces peb lub teb chaws yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj ib tug lossis loj daim ntawv teev cov nws tus kheej muaj khoom, uas muaj peev xwm tsis tab sis zoo siab.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug turbofan engine, cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm

Yuav ua li cas to taub zoo dua qhov zoo yog muab los ntawm tus tshiab turbofan cav? Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov lag luam ntawm tag nrho cov uas zoo sib xws xyaw yog zoo sib xws, tab sis vim hais tias cov teeb meem yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv ntau yam, vim hais tias tsis tsis zoo li to taub txog cov kev pab cuam ntawm tshiab technologies.

Turbofan nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem raug xa mus rau xyaw nrog ib tug high school cov bypass ratio. Lub qhov txawv feature yog lub xub ntiag ntawm loj inch kiv cua, los ntawm kev uas kis tau los ntawm lub cav yeej ib txwm loj heev ntim ntawm huab cua. Vim lub loj loj ntawm lub qhov chaw hauv lub engine txheej nozzle feem ntau yuav dhau "monumental", tab sis vim hais tias nws yog luv. Yuav kom yog li muaj yog tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm huab cua kiv nyob rau hauv lub tsim muaj xws li cov vanes, uas tig rau cov cua txaus ntawm cov dej nyob rau hauv cov yam kev taw qhia.

Raws li, nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm nws ua yog xav reminiscent ntawm cov missile xyaw, tab sis cov khiav nws lawv suab tsis cai. Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm turbofan xyaw yog hais tias lub dav hlau tawm los ntawm lub missile "cov yeeb nkab", nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib qho ntxiv kiv cua spins, uas yog ib tug haib qhov chaw ntawm thrust. Hais tias nws ua tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 70-80% ntawm tag nrho cov traction. Yog li, lub aircraft engine PD-14 yog tsis tshua muaj yig. Lub puab contour ntawm lub tshuab yuav luag tag repeats tsim ntawm foob pob ua ntxaij qauv, tab sis lawv yav tas los "nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog" cov kauj ruam yog kiv cua-tsav.

Zoo thiab tsis zoo

Raws li nrog rau tag nrho nws cov "cov txheeb ze" aircraft engine PD-14 muaj ob zoo thiab tsis zoo sab. Ntawm nws cov kev txawj muaj xws li high efficiency, uas ua rau nws kim heev kev siv ntawm cov fais fab nroj tsuag txawm nyob rau ntev-log tseem khiav.

Ua li cas nws muaj flaws? Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj - ib tug heev loj loj thiab ib tug dlej luj. Txawm tias qhov zoo tshaj plaws dag zog ntawm engineers thiab zaum, turbofan xyaw muab tseem ceeb kam mus rau lub sibtshuam airflow nyob rau hauv lub davhlau. Nws yog assumed tias qhov teeb meem no yuav tsum daws thaum muaj txoj kev los txo lawv zuag qhia tag nrho dimensions.

comparative sib txawv

Tus tshiab turbofan engine, cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm uas yog zoo li tus "classical" rau domestic qauv, tsis tau sib txawv heev los ntawm lawv cov predecessors. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, qhov sib txawv "los ntawm qhov muag" pom xwb los engineers. Yog hais tias koj piv nrog rau cov qauv ntawm lub PS-90A (IL-96, Tu-214, Il-76), nws yog tam sim ntawd hnov, tsis ntshai ntawm cov lo lus, ib tug zoo leap nyob rau hauv lub hauj txheej txheem thiab cov possibilities.

Bypass piv nce raws nraim ob zaug, cov roj kub ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub turbine tam sim ntawd ntau zog rau 100 K, tag nrho cov degree ntawm compression (nyob rau hauv ntau yam tej yam kev mob) nce los ntawm 20-50%. Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau cov saum toj no-hais hom domestic xyaw, tus tshiab aircraft engine PD-14 tso cai rau koj mus cawm tsawg kawg yog 12-16% ntau roj.

hnyav savings

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv domestic civil aircraft engine tsim technology siv nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov hollow turbine tuaj ntawm high-zog titanium alloys.

Qhov no yuav qhia ib tug luj saving ntawm 30%, ib tug tag nrho tshiab aircraft engine PD-14 yog facilitated los ntawm hais txog 10%. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau Perm Tsav tsob nroj tam sim no mastered rau lub cuab yeej ntawm zus tau tej cov ib leeg-siv lead ua turbine tuaj ua hauj lwm. Nws yog qhia hais tias qhov no yuav ua rau cov mus tsa tus khiav hauj lwm kub ntawm cov roj muaj cai mus txog rau 2000 K.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov thawj domestic manufacturers nyob rau hauv lub tsim thiab siv thiab ua xyaw yeej yuav tau siv tias tus nqi ntawm polymer puas cov ntaub ntawv. Nrog xws li ib mus kom ze tsis tau tsuas yog ho txo engine hnyav tab sis kuj ua rau kom nws lub zog thiab kuj mus overloads.

Tus nqi ntawm ib tug tshiab lub cev muaj zog

Raws li peb hais thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm, koj yuav tsis tsim tej yam tshiab aircraft, tsis tsim tshiab pre-cursors. Nrog qhov tseeb tag nrho maj muab kho: xeem engine PD-14 nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub xeev yuav sai sai no pib xyuas ... Tab sis zoo li cas ntawm lub tsheb yuav tsum nruab nrog lawv?

Nws yog assumed tias tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov motors yuav tsim MS-21 aircraft (lub cev, 21st century). Yog hais tias qhov no yog tiag tiag yuav tsum muab los siv, ces peb yuav tau tham txog ib tug tiag tiag txhob, thawj thawj zaug txij li thaum Soviet lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws yuav tsum yeej tsim ib yam dab tsi tshiab. Ntau ceeb tshaj, lub Lavxias teb sab engine PD-14 yuav tsim ib tug tag nrho ntau yam ntawm cov tshiab aircraft tsim los ua raws li ib tug ntev-log flights thiab destinations ntawm Internal kab. Kom txog rau thaum nyuam qhuav, txhua leej txhua tus hais tias Lavxias teb sab cov dav hlau yuav tsum tau nruab heev dua lwm yam nrog mas xyaw. Niaj hnub no qhia hais tias nws yog qhov zoo ces tsis hais.

Yuav ua li cas machines mus equip lawv?

Twb niaj hnub no nws yog tshwm hais tias tus tshiab unified lub cev muaj zog tsim tso cai rau nws yuav tsum tau siv ntse tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg nrog caij, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv thauj dav hlau. Vim nws yog bent ntau li ntau li 14 tons, cov qauv no yuav raug ntsia rau MS-21-200 / 300/400. Muaj tseeb lawv yuav tsum tau tso cai rau ua kom tiav IL-76 thiab IL-214. Muaj cov lus qhia txog thaum pib ntawm lub creation ntawm ib tug txawm ntau haib version nrog ib tug thrust ntawm 18 tons, uas yog, lub PD-18. Nws yog npaj yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv Tu-214 aircraft thiab IL-96. Peb nco ntsoov tias tag nrho cov ntawm cov cav tov yog nruab nrog cov "oldies" PS-90A.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov developers daim ntawv qhia tias twb tau txiav txim siab, thiab lub creation ntawm ib lub teeb version ntawm no engine nrog ib tug thrust ntawm kaum tons. Peb yuav xav tias nws yuav siv tau rau zus tau tej cov long-kev txom nyem "Superjet" yuav xyaw rau cov uas Fabkis yog tam sim no tsis muaj ib tug xav. Thaum kawg, muaj yuav tseem teem ib tug tshwj xeeb, nyoob hoom qav taub version ntawm lub engine, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav nrog tus naas ej thauj "nyuj", nws qhov siab Mi-26.

Yuav kom qhov no hnub twg, nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov cav tov tau siv Ukrainian xyaw D-136. Txawm ua ntej suav qhia tau tias tus uas twb muaj lawm uas yuav tsum tau rau cov neeg xyaw yog ntau tshaj li txaus los npog tag nrho cov nqi, uas twb tau thaum lub sij hawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshiab technology. Nws yog npaj los mus nce tsawg kawg yog 70 billion rubles ntawm kev nqis peev, ib nrab ntawm lawv - los ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws nyiaj txiag. Cov yav tas teeb meem qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas qhov project no yog tsim nyog rau lub teb chaws.

Yuav ua li cas yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog cov laus PS90-A?

Lub newest cav rau MS-21, PD-14 - ib tug tshiab tiam turbo-prop xyaw. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog zoo kawg nkaus tau tshaj cov kuj qub aircraft kho. Yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau txais "cov qub tub rog" ntawm IL-76, lub Modernization uas yog ua sib txij li thaum xyoo tas los, thaum ntsia rau ib tug tshiab cav uas yuav ya tawm ib ob peb kaum ntawm txhiab ntawm cov sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws muaj peev xwm yuav ua tau kom lub davhlau ntau los ntawm plaub mus rau tsib txhiab kilometers, uas tsis muaj load thiab qhov kev ncua deb yuav ua rau kom ib txhiab kilometers, thiab kev noj roj yog txo los ntawm hais txog 14%. Cov yav tas yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib qho tseem ceeb, vim hais tias ua tsaug rau nws, yuav txo tau tus nqi ntawm thauj ib tug ton ntawm cov khoom nyob rau ib zaug los ntawm 10%.

Yog li, cov laus lub cev muaj zog, txoj cai tau txais kev pab lawv lub sij hawm kev lag luam thiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub USSR kom txog rau thaum nws nws txoj hauj lwm, tab sis cov niaj hnub yuav tsum tau, nws tsis haum. Cov ntsiab teeb meem - siab noj roj thiab muaj zog nrov. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, nws tau paub rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, tab sis lub pob zeb ua cov kauj ruam rau kev kho mob nkeeg cov teeb meem no thiab tsim ib tug tshiab cav twb tau tsuas yog tam sim no. Nws yog ncaj ncees rau hais tias tsuas yog tam sim no muaj tag nrho cov tsim nyog cov cuab yeej rau txoj hauj lwm.

Lwm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev kawm

Teb, lub cav tau nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob txij thaum 2008, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nws kev siv ntawm ib tug txawj ntse pab neeg ntawm cov designers pib rov qab nyob rau hauv 1999.

Nyob rau hauv 2012, rau thawj lub sij hawm sib sau ua ke tas nrho cov demo version. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm uas muaj ib tug intensive debugging gasifier systems, uas tauj lub ntsiab txoj kev sib tw rau designers. Rau hnub tim, tag nrho cov tsis xws luag muaj tau ntse tshem tawm. Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm Perm engine twb launched nyob rau hauv nruab nrab-2012. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub designers tau pom tias siab tsim qhov tseem ceeb yog sib xws nrog lub tswv yim lub xeev ntawm tej xwm txheej, uas muaj ntxiv ntxiv dag zog rau lawv txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub ceev xav tau kev teem tuaj rau zus tau tej cov tshiab xyaw.

Lub rooj ntev zaum kev ntsuam xyuas Ameslikas npaj yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav peb lub xyoo dhau los, tab sis vim muaj ib co teeb meem muaj pov thawj hais tias lawv yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv ib feem mus rau hnub no. Nws yuav tsum hais tias lub xyoo no yuav pib loj ntau lawm, thiab rau lub xyoo Permian yuav tsum sau tsis tsawg tshaj li ob los yog peb lub teb tshiab xyaw. Thiab nws yog - heev me ntsis, raws li domestic aviator ntseeg tau hais tias nyob tam sim no nqi ntawm flights los ntawm 2019, aircraft xyaw yuav tsum tau nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug Titanic pace - 200 yam khoom nyob rau hauv 12 lub hlis. Nws yog vam hais tias lub domestic kev lag luam yuav tsum tau "rub" peb tes num.

Yuav ua li cas txog MS-21?

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm cov ntaub ntawv los pib ua hauj lwm rau zus tau tej cov tshiab aircraft pib mus txog rau thaum pib ntawm xyoo tas los. Rau hnub tim, nws yog lub npe hu hais tias thaum lub Irkutsk aircraft tsob nroj twb tau sau los ntawm cov thawj hull ntawm tus tshiab domestic airliner, uas yog zoo dua lub npe hu nyob rau hauv lub "unofficial" lub npe Yak-242 nyob rau hauv lawv lub chaw nyob.

Koojtis ntawm lub cim puas ntaub ntawv sau nyob rau hauv Ulyanovsk. Feem ntau cov yuav, nws twb tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Irkutsk. Domestic xov xwm muaj lawv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub enterprise, nrees cog lus tias tus thawj board yuav tsum tau nce no lub caij ntuj sov nyob rau hauv cov huab cua. Nws yog qhia hais tias cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus twb muaj ib tug khoom 175 ntawv cog lus rau qhov kev siv thiab mov ntawm MS-21. Cov neeg muas zaub ntau loj cov koom haum, uas muaj xws li txawm Sberbank, siv qhov tus me nyuam tshiab aircraft rau leasing.

Muaj kuj yog cov ntaub ntawv uas tej zaum yuav ua ntxiv thiab kom lwm 100 aircraft ntawm no hom, uas yuav pab tsis tau tsuas yog domestic, tab sis kuj txawv teb chaws txhais li cov neeg muas zaub. Qhov no yog lus tiag tiag tshwj xeeb, vim hais tias lub sij hawm tas ib tug neeg coj ib tug txaus siab rau peb cov neeg nrog caij aircraft xwb nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub MS-21 project no yog hais tias nws yog - thawj zaug thiab tsuas domestic dav hlau, tsim ntawm nws tus kheej thiab tsis muaj kev siv ntawm lub qub hauj lwm ntawm lub Union ntawm lub sij hawm, uas tsis siv txawv teb chaws yam. Nyob rau hauv lub davhlau taug qab thawj dav hlau ntawm no cim yuav raug tso tawm tsuas yog tom qab zaum kawg kawm tiav ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm sib ntaus thiab raug tshem tawm kev ntsuam xyuas, uas mus txuas ntxiv rau hnub no.

tshawb pom

Yog li, ib tug pheej tshiab cav - ib tug tiag tiag txhob nyob rau hauv lub domestic kev lag luam thiab, nyob rau hauv particular, civil aircraft. Nrog hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov motors, nws yog enormous. Muaj ib tug ntev li keeb kwm ntawm domestic muaj hais tias lawv yog tsis heev xav mus yuav decommissioned mas aircraft, ib qho chaw uas yog yuav luag tag. Tiam sis thaum lub domestic kev lag luam yuav tsis muaj lawv ib yam dab tsi haum.

Niaj hnub no muaj yog lub engine thiab cov aircraft. Txij li thaum tiv thaiv peb lub xeev raug txiav, lub sij hawm mus yuav ib yam dab tsi txawv teb chaws yog tsis tau, thiab skyrocketing pauv tus nqi tsis ntxiv mus rau lub attractiveness ntawm qhov kev txiav txim. Yog li ntawd hais tias cov teb chaws project muaj enormous sij hawm. Nws yog vam hais tias qhov kev lag luam yuav tsis yuam kev thiab ua yuav tsum tau muab manufacturers nrog txhua tus tsim nyog accessories.