Ib feem tawm hauv kev rho tawm: cov txheej txheem ntawm ib feem paug

Tshem tawm ib nrab yog ib qho hluav taws xob paug uas tshwm sim hauv ib qho chaw me me ntawm qhov rwb thaiv tsev, qhov chaw ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tshaj qhov sib zog lub zog ntawm cov khoom. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob rau hauv voids nyob rau hauv lub rwb thaiv tsev, ntawm nplaim ntawm insulating khoom, hauv roj npuas nyob rau hauv kua rwb thaiv tsev.

Qhov ua rau qee qhov tshem tawm

Raws li lub ntsiab lus, tau txais los ntawm cov qauv siv thoob ntiaj teb, kev tawm ib nrab yog hu ua tshem tawm hluav taws xob, thaj tsam hauv cov hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw ntawm tus qauv.

Qhov txheej txheem no tshwm sim los ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide los yog dielectric kua thiab yuav tshwm sim tau ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm ob lub xov xwm thiab hauv rwb thaiv tsev. Lub hauv paus chiv keeb thiab kev loj hlob yog nyob ntawm hom dielectric thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev. Tshem tawm ib nrab tawm nyob rau hauv rwb thaiv tsev yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov muaj qhov tsis sib haum xeeb nyob hauv tus qauv ntawm lub dielectric thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm nws. Xws li heterogeneities yuav muaj ntau yam extrinsous impurities thiab contaminants, gas kab noj hniav, vaum ib ncig chaw. Tej yam tsis xws yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem thaiv tsev, raws li txoj cai, raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau nws cov khoom siv thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov khoom siv (nyob rau hauv tus ntawm mechanical influences, deformation, kev co).

Dab tsi yog triands thiab lawv tsim nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm insulating cov khoom

Lub insulating cov ntaub ntawv uas rau tam sim no muaj yog tsim ib tug kab noj hniav tsob ntoo qauv - treeing. Ib feem tawm ntawm cov dej tawm hauv cov ceg ntoo ntawm lub triands. Nyob hauv kev tiv thaiv lub thev fais fab thiab cov dej ntws tawm, cov triands nce hauv qhov loj thiab ntau, li no ntxiv cov qib degradation ntawm cov khoom polymer. Dendrites tau nce kev sib raug zoo thiab ua rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov dielectric.

Txij li cov paug tawm ntawm ib feem nyob hauv lub nruab nrab ntawm cov nkev yuav tsum muaj qhov tsawg dua li cov nyhuv nyob hauv cov kua los yog hauv ib qho txawv teb chaws tuaj, muaj cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv kev rwb thaiv tsev ua rau qhov pib ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no. Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb uas muaj kab noj hniav uas muaj cov pa roj hluav taws xob muaj zog siab dua nyob rau hauv cov khoom los yog kua cheeb tsam thiab lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov gaseous nruab nrab muaj nqis tsawg dua lwm feem ntawm rwb thaiv tsev.

Hom kev txhim kho

Fais fab ntxias triands yog ua los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm alternating thiab pulsed voltages, as Well as ntawm qhov tseem ceeb heev. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv, cov kev ntseeg no tsis ua rau kev cuam tshuam kev rhuav tshem tam sim ntawd, tabsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj roj paug nyob hauv lub cev tsis haum xeeb. Yog hais tias tus qauv ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj txaus kab noj hniav, dendrites yuav tsim rau ib lub sijhawm ntev.

Lub xub ntiag ntawm cov npuas ntawm kev loj tuaj mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib nrab tawm thaum lub xov tooj cua ntawm cov khoom poob siab.

Kev tshawb fawb dej yog tsim los ua thaum ntub dej nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm kev qoj los yog los ntawm microcracks nyob rau hauv cov khoom.

Thaum hws ntawm cov dej noo hauv cov pob zeb, cov dendrites yog tsim, tom qab uas lawv cov kev tawm thiab kev loj hlob pib vim yog qhov pom ntawm cov voids ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau txo tus dielectric lub zog thiab mus ua kev puas tsuaj ntawm txoj kab ntawv.

Qhov laj thawj loj heev ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev yog muaj ob qho hluav taws xob vim yog ib feem ntawm cov dej ntws tawm hauv cov pob tshab thaum lub sij hawm sib tshuam thiab nyob rau hom kev lag luam, nrog rau thermal aging ntawm cov khoom.

Nyob hauv qee qhov tso tawm ib nrab, txheej txheem kev puas tsuaj ntawm rwb thaiv tsev pib, qhov loj ntawm thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam.

Cov kev mob rau cov tsos ntawm kev tshem tawm ib nrab yog nyob ntawm seb qhov sib txawv ntawm lub tshuab electromagnetic ntawm insulating qauv thiab cov hluav taws xob cov khoom ntawm thaj tsam ntawm cov khoom.

Feem ntau cov dej ntws tawm feem ntau tsis tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev rwb phom, tab sis yog qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov dielectric, thiab yog lub tshuab ua haujlwm rau ib lub sijhawm ntev, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm cov txheej txheem thaiv tsev. Lawv tshwm sim yeej qhia tau hais tias lub zos tsis muaj teeb meem ntawm lub dielectric. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tshem tawm ib nrab yog zoo txaus los txiav txim rau qhov kev txhawj xeeb ntawm tus qauv insulating.

Qhov phom sij loj tshaj plaws uas lawv sawv cev rau thaum cov khoom siv thaum lub sij hawm hloov thiab cuam tshuam cov pa taws.

Lub cev muaj zog tshwm sim nrog cov kev tso tawm ib nrab tawm hauv kev sib cais

Kev rhuav tshem ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev ua rau lub zog ntawm txoj kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev nce hauv pes tsawg cov ntsiab lus uas tshwm sim tshiab tuaj, ua rau muaj kev nce ntxiv thiab ntim ntawm dendrites. Qhov no ua rau kev nce rau hauv qhov kev siv ntawm daim teb nyob hauv cheeb tsam no.

Ib qho hluav taws xob paug ib feem ua rau lub thermal hluav taws xob ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev, thiab txav nws los ntawm cov nqi sib txuas thiab cov khoom sib txuas ua ke uas yog tsim los ntawm kev tawm.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qee qhov tso tawm ua rau lub cim ntawm lub plhom tsoo hauv cov lus uas tsim los ntawm lawv. Thaum muaj kev rhuav tshem tagnrho, tagnrho txhua yam no yog los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob, kev poob siab, lub teeb ci thiab lub lwj ntawm qhov kev sib txuas ntawm molecular level.

Ib feem tawm ntawm cov dej qis yog cov ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab. Qhov no yog piav qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qhov pom ntawm cov dej ntws tawm ib nrab yog thawj theem ntawm kev txhim kho feem ntau ntawm cov kev tsis haum siab.

Raws li cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov txheej txheem no, cov kev mob yog tsim los rau kev cuam tshuam kev rwb thaiv tsev.

Cov theem ntawm cov dej ntws tawm

Yog hais tias muaj qee qhov chaw nres tsheb rau cov khoom siv insulating ntau tshaj, kev tso tawm ib nrab yuav pib rau hauv nws, uas tsis ua rau lub qhov hluav taws xob tam sim ntawd ntawm qhov rwb thaiv tsev, thiab yog li ntawd tuaj yeem ua tau tag. Lawv tau txais lub npe - thawj zaug.

Ntxiv nce ntawm voltage, nce nyob rau hauv qhov loj thiab pes tsawg tus inclusions, tus naj npawb ntawm triings nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tas mus li ua hauj lwm ua rau ib tug ntse nce nyob rau hauv qhov siv ntawm ib nrab tawm. Lawv tshwm sim dramatically thiaj li txuag lub neej ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev thiab tuaj yeem ua rau nws kev sib tawg. Cov kev tso tawm no yog hu ua tseem ceeb.

Txawv ntawm kev tso tawm nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim qauv ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob cav yog lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov cua. Nws yuav tsum tsis tu ncua txog kev puas tsuaj xws li: thermal teebmeem vim lub caij nyoog ntawm cov dej ntws; Kev teeb tsa kev vibration ntawm qhov sib nqus Circuit Court (rau kev hloov tsheb) thiab tus tsav mechanism (rau cov cav fais fab); Qhov yuav tshwm sim ntawm kev pib ntawm cov dej tsaws tsag thiab cov ntu luv luv.

Tag nrho cov xwm txheej no ua rau kev raug mob rwb thaiv tsev thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib nrab tawm. Rau cov tshuab fais fab, qhov no yog qhov feem ntau ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm, thiab kev hloov tsheb, tsis ua hauj lwm los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov qhov cua ntsig yog qhov thib ob tsuas yog ua kom puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv.

Yog vim li cas koj xav tau kev ntsuas tawm

Kev ntsuas ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwm sim thaum ib nrab tawm dej num tshwm sim yog tsim nyog kom tau txais kev tiv thaiv kev rhuav tshem ntawm rwb thaiv tsev thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm lawv qhov siv nyob hauv cov khoom siv insulating.

Nyob rau hauv kev txuas nrog kev siv XLPE rwb thaiv tsev hauv kev tsim kho fais fab cables, hluav taws xob cov khoom siv, cov twj siv hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob, cov kab sib txuas tau haujlwm ntau dhau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los saib xyuas cov dej ntws tawm ib feem uas cuam tshuam kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lawv cov haujlwm.

Kev tiv thaiv kev rhuav tshem kev ntsuas thiab cov kev sim

Nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm insulating khoom thaum lub sij hawm khiav hauj lwm kom paub txog kev txhim kho pob txha thiab tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov vim qee qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov khoom.

Los tswj cov kev txhooj ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, muaj:

• Kev ntsuam xyuas nrog qhov muaj zog muaj zog, sib npaug hauv qhov siab mus rau nws tau nce thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Qhov no yog tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm hluav taws xob lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob thaum lub sij hawm luv luv nceeb.
• Nondestructive txoj kev ntsuas rau kev txiav txim siab lub sijhawm ntawm nws cov haujlwm.

Qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam ntawm kev siv khoom khiav lag luam, yam tsis tau tshem cov khoom ntawm kev lag luam, thiab, yog li ntawd, tsis suav nyiaj txiag.

Cov txheej txheem uas muaj rau kev kuaj pom ib qho kev tshem tawm ib qho tuaj yeem ntes ib qho kev txhim kho thaum ntxov ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab, li ntawd, tiv thaiv kev kho vaj tse lossis hloov tej khoom siv tsis tau.

Qee txoj kev tso cai rau qhov chaw rau cov cheeb tsam tsis zoo, thiab tsuas yog cov chaw ntawm rwb thaiv tsev yuav raug kho.

Thaum ntsuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj qhov siab, qhov rwb thaiv tsev zoo tuaj yeem vim tias muaj kev ntxhov siab ntau zaus dua qhov kev khiav hauj lwm muaj nqis.

Diagnostic txoj kev mus tshawb xyuas ib tus neeg tshem tawm tau tso cai rau feem ntau qhov kev ntsuas ntawm qhov kawm ntawm qhov ua tau ntawm cov cuab yeej ua tsis tau muaj kev cuam tshuam kev puas ntawm nws kev sib cais. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm ib nrab tawm ntawm lub lag luam yog qhov nyuaj vim qhov tseeb uas feem ntau ntawm cov khoom raug kuaj xyuas yog lwm yam cuab yeej uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev cuam tshuam. Cov teeb meem no tej zaum yuav tsis txawv qhov tsis tau los ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm yam khoom xav tau, vim lawv tuaj yeem ua qee zaum tso tawm.

Yog li, cais cov teebmeem hauv kev cuam tshuam thiab cov kev ntsuas tawm ib nrab, koj yuav tsum ntsuas thawj qhov kev cuam tshuam nrog qhov voltage disconnected ntawm qhov khoom kuaj mob, thiab ntsuas nws ua haujlwm.

Hauv qhov no, cov lej ntawm qhov kev tawm ntawm ib nrab thiab keeb kwm yav dhau yuav raug kaw.

Qhov txawv ntawm cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov kev ntsuas no yuav qhia txog tus nqi ntawm qhov tawm ntawm ib nrab tawm.

Cov yam ntxwv ua rau nws ua tau los kwv yees cov cim ntawm cov kev tsis raws cai thiab kev tawm ntawm nws tus kheej.

Kev tshem tawm ib feem ib qho tsis muaj teeb meem rau kev rwb thaiv tsev thiab siv dav siv, vim qhov kev kuaj tsis siv cov hluav taws xob ntxiv, uas cuam tshuam rau kev rwb thaiv tsev.

Fais paug txoj kev

Tus txheej txheem hais kom muaj qhov sib tiv tauj ntawm kev ntsuas ntsuas nrog rwb thaiv tsev.

Nws tso cai rau kev txiav txim siab txog tus cwj pwm ntau ntawm cov cwj pwm ntawm ib feem paug.

Qhov no yog lub feem ntau muaj tseeb ntawm tag nrho cov kev ntsuas ib nrab ntswg.

Acoustic cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv

Txoj kev no yog siv los ntawm kev siv cov microphones uas tau txais cov suab paj nruag los ntawm cov khoom siv khiav hauj lwm.

Sensors yog nruab rau hauv txoj hlua hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab khiav lag luam.

Disadvantage: ib feem tawm ntawm cov qhov me me tsis ruaj.

Electromagnetic los yog tej thaj chaw deb txujci

Qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm ib nrab tawm uas siv cov microwave yog ib qho yooj yim thiab siv tau zoo. Rau qhov no, siv lub xov tooj cua txuas rau.

Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov qauv no yog qhov tsis ua ntawm kev ntsuas qhov kev sib tw ntawm cov dej ntws.

Tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tso dej hauv kev hloov tsheb

Cov fais fab tuag xa hluav taws xob yog qhov chaw ntawm lub tshuab fais fab, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv, nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshem tawm ib nrab. Pib ntsais koj teeb los ntawm lawv tuaj nyob rau hauv ntau txoj hau kev rau lub chaw txawb hluav taws xob.

Yog hais tias kev them nqi hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tau siv hluav taws xob sib txuas nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, cov teeb meem ntawm lawv yuav raug kaw thaum ntsuas cov kab nrib ib nrab tawm hauv cov hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev.

Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob nyob hauv ib qho chaw sawv kev, lub tsho khuam ntawm lub corona tshwm sim rau nws qhov chaw nyob sab nraud, nyob ntawm qhov kub, av noo thiab lwm yam.

Cov kev hloov hauv kev thauj thiab muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev hloov ntawm cov twj uas tswj lawv cov ciaj ciam thaum lub lag luam, piv txwv li, cov khoom siv uas tswj kev khiav hauj lwm hauv kev thauj khoom, ua rau muaj kev hloov hauv cov yeeb yam ntawm cov dej qis, uas yuav txo los yog nce.

Tag nrho cov teeb meem no ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias ntau qhov kev ntsuas ntawm cov kev hloov tsheb yuav qhia tau cov duab hauv lub xeev ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev.

Cov nyeem tawm ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv qhov kev xeem yuav raug cuam tshuam ntawm kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej nyob ze.

Nyob rau hauv xws li no, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau siv cov txheej txheem kom raug xaiv kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais los ntawm ib nrab tawm hauv cov kev hloov tsheb.