Hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab yeej ntawm kev hais lus

Nws - nws yog ib daim ntawv ntawm kev sib txuas lus uas tau tsim ntawm tus neeg rau ib ntev lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv txhua hom lus, nws yog txawv tshwj xeeb cov yam ntxwv thiab tej yam cov kev cai. Thiab nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav zoo hais lus thiab qhia lawv cov kev xav, nws yog tsim nyog los paub tias dab tsi yog qhov txawv hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus.

lwm hais lus

Muaj yog ib qho kev kho kom zoo faib, thiab muaj yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Kuv xav them sai sai ua ntej tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ntawm no. Yog li ntawd nws yog ib tug sab nraud thiab sab hauv. Uas hais txog cov mus rau tus thawj? Nws muaj xws li xws hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus, raws li ib tug qhov ncauj (monologue thiab kev sib tham) thiab sau ntawv. Sawv daws yeej paub hais tias xws li ib tug kev sib tham - ib tug kev sib tham ntawm ib tug ob peb los yog ob tug neeg. Ib tug monologue nws yog ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm ib tug neeg. Los ntawm txoj kev, tag nrho cov ntawm no - lub hom ntawm ncaj qha hais lus. Tom qab qhov kev nthuav qhia yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv thawj tus neeg, tsis yog ib tug retelling. Thiab thaum kawg, ib tug ob peb lo lus hais txog kev sau ntawv. Nws kuj yog ib tug zoo ntawm monologue, tab sis ib me ntsis ntxiv tsim. Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj tswv yim los ntawm cov kev txiavtxim.

puab hais lus

Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb heev zoo. Puab hais lus yog ib yam ntawm kev npaj theem, ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav thiab nyob rau hauv xyaum. Nws yog vim li no, nws yog yus muaj los ntawm tej nta li fragmentary thiab fragmentary. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws tsis muaj tej kev tsis sib haum uas yuav tej zaum kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xaav ntawm qhov teeb meem no. Mus los ntawm lub sab hauv rau sab nraum ntawm kev hais lus, peb yuav tsum ua kom to taub li ntau li ntau tau mus rau deploy ib lub ntsiab rau ua kom nws ntshiab mus rau tus neeg.

Cov niaj hnub txawj lus

Lub hauv paus ntawm tej kab lis kev cai - ib tug txawj hais lus. Hais txog lub hom ntawm kev hais lus, yuav tsis pub ua nws cov xim. Nws yog lub siab tshaj plaws hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev cai qhia. Literary lus yog absorbed tag nrho cov qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov manifold ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus, thiab txawm lub fact tias lub sij hawm, nws yog hloov thiab yuav muaj mus ntxiv rau undergo cov kev hloov, tag nrho nws cov wealth - syntax, ceev thiab qhia - tag nrho cov no yuav txuas ntxiv tshwm sim thiab mus txuas ntxiv. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua tau peb hais txog cov zajlus style ntawm kev hais lus? Tej zaum qhov tseeb hais tias nws yog tshem ntawm lub vernacular, dialects thiab ua dog ua dig. Yog tsis muaj random tsis paub ntawv thiab ib ntus lus - nyob rau hauv cov zajlus lus tsuas yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev cai. Txawm tias, yog hais tias peb tham txog rau tam sim no, nws yog kev ncaj ncees los hais tias nws tau nrhiav ib tug tej yam versatility. Literary lus pib yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov spheres ntawm kev ua si (nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si cov pej xeem thiab cov neeg) - rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev txawj ntse, cov kev hloov ntawm tej ntaub ntawv, kev qhia ntawm txoj kev xav thiab cwj pwm txawv. Niaj hnub no, cov zajlus style ntawm kev hais lus feem ntau nquag siv cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tej sectors li cov xov xwm (TV, xov tooj cua thiab sau xov xwm), xinesmas, tsim thiab kev kawm ntawv.

conversational style

Nws occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv no kev faib tawm, raws li cov kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Qhov no yog rau ntau yam. Ua ntej, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv peb lub neej ntau zaus, vim hais tias nws yog siv nyob rau hauv sib txawv kiag li cov hom ntawm cov uas niaj hnub tsev neeg sib raug zoo. Hais occupies ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub neej. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov no style ntawm kev hais lus, uas yog siv los ntawm peb txhua hnub. Rau cov conversational style ntawm kev hais lus ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov yus los ntawm yooj yim. Los ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab sau ntawv distinguishes nws raws li ib daim ntawv ntawm (nyob ntawm no sawv dialogical qhov ncauj hais lus), thiab tej yam ntxwv. Conversational style yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tej yam simplicity, tsis muaj kev npaj thiab spontaneity. Yog tsis muaj tej normalization, tab sis muaj ib co kev cai uas siv rau ib tug txoj kev sib txuas lus nrog cov neeg. Qhov no yuav pom yog hais tias peb los sib piv cov kev sib tham ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab tsev neeg sib tham nyob rau ntawm lub rooj.

zoo

Ob peb lo lus yuav tsum tau hais tias hais txog dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hom ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus. Tus thawj tshaj plaws muaj nqis ntsoov teev hais lus, uas yog, muab tso rau nws ncav, xa suab Pib ntsais koj teeb mus rau kis cov lus qhia. Qhov thib ob hom - qhov no lub rooj sib hais, cov xaav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no thiab lawv realization. Qhov thib peb hom - ib tsab ntawv, uas yog ib tug qauv ntawm cov kis ntaub ntawv siv duab cim. Thiab thaum kawg, kev nyeem ntawv - sau ua si. Tsis tas li ntawd muaj nqis mentioning, thiab qhov yooj yim cov ntsiab ntawm kev hais lus technology. Feem ntau, qhov no diction. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom zoo zoo suab txawj kawm ntawv. Thiab thaum kawg, lub suab ua pa (phonation). Tag nrho cov no neej coj ntxim rau cov tsim ntawm literate hais lus. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus txiv neej uas yog tswv rau tag nrho cov saum toj no, yuav ua tau sai thiab yooj yim rau to taub.

Kev style ntawm kev hais lus

Tsis tas li ntawd tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev sib txuas lus thiab sib tham. Nws cov hauv paus yog daim ntawv sau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov lus. Tom qab tag nrho, scientific style yog tsuas yog siv rau kev ntaub ntawv rau cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib tug pej xeem daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hauj lwm xwm, kev tiv thaiv ntawm dissertations, ntaub ntawv thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv sau tej hauj lwm, cov rooj sib tham, thiab lwm yam Uas yog, tsis zoo li hais lus, xws tshwm sim raug npaj thiab, raws li, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav qhia tau tias ib tug tiag tiag kom paub zoo txog ntawm cov khoom, ua tej yam ntaub ntawv. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv sau daim ntawv no, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, yuav ua rau nws tau mus ua tib zoo xav txog cov ntaub ntawv los kho los yog pab nws, ua hauj lwm rau txoj kev kawm. Tag nrho cov no ua ke txhawb rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev xav thiab kev siv ntawm ib tug ntau npaum li cas txoj lus lug. Qhov no, nruj me ntsis hais lus, raws ntawm cov lus sau hais txog lawm. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov hom ntawm tsis tas siv, illogical nqe lus thiab repetitions nyob rau hauv xws li mob yuav ib tug stylistic yuam kev.

Qhia cov tswv yim nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv

Txhua yam ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus yog distinguished los ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv, keeb kwm thiab cov yam ntxwv. Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias, kev kawm no lub npe. Hom ntawm sau ntawv kuj plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm cov niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab lus. Tom qab tag nrho, ib feem ntawm lus sib txuas lus - nws yog ib lub formulation ntawm citations thiab retelling pom nyob qhov twg cov ntawv. Sau ntawv keeb kwm coj tuaj rau peb peb hom kev sau ntawv. Tus thawj - ib tug pictographic tsab ntawv, qhia qhov qhia txog tswv yim los ntawm txoj kev drawings thiab kos duab. Tom qab yog ideography - thiab nws tseem siv nyob rau hauv peb lub neej, tab sis nyob rau hauv Suav sau ntawv system. Thiab thaum kawg, feem ntau hom - yog ib lub suab mail. Ntawm no txhua yam yog yooj yim - ib tug neeg sau dab tsi nws hnov thiab hais lus.

publicism

Hais txog lub hom ntawm kev hais lus, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg xim no lub npe. Lwm heev style yog journalistic. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav zoo qhia rau tus neeg ntawm tej ntaub ntawv thiab ua rau lawv rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev yaum los yog inducement mus koom nyob rau hauv tej yam kev ua. Tsis yog txhua txhua ntawm tus neeg muaj peev xwm xa cov lus qhia kom nws yuav tsum tau tej yam tsim teb raug xeeb, paub txog tag nrho cov yeej ntawm kev hais lus, puas siab puas ntsws kev txawj ntse, thiab tej zaum lub txiaj ntsim ntawm kev yaum. Journalistic style yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov xov xwm. Niaj hnub no, koj yuav nrhiav tau ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm tej hauj lwm sau nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev - ib tug ntau yam ntawm tsab ntawv, satires, lus ceeb toom, sau ntawv thiab cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam lus thiab presenters siv ib tug journalistic style pov nws cov khoom siv. Txawm li cas los ib tug yuav tsum tau xav tias zoo kab. Tom qab tag nrho, journalistic style - ib tug ntoo khaub lig ntawm ib tug scientific, official ua lag ua luam thiab conversational.

Daim ntawv teev cov yeej

Rau zoo dua nqus ntawm cov khoom no feem ntau yog ua ib daim ntawv los yog ib lub rooj. Hais lus yeej tseem yuav muab cia rau hauv no txoj kev. Cov ntau heev thiab ua hauj lwm - nws yog ib tug scientific, journalistic, official ua lag ua luam, conversational thiab artistic. Xws li ib tug txheej yeej ntawm kev hais lus yog ib tug ntshiab txoj kev, thiab yog hais tias nws yog los nthuav, ntxiv ntaub ntawv rau cov uas, yam ntxwv thiab nta ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem, koj yuav kawm tau lub npe nyob rau hauv tag nrho. Txoj kev uas nws feem ntau yog ua tawm, nws yuav tsum tau qhia los ntawm cov piv txwv ntawm ob tug yeej piav saum toj no.

Nyob rau hauv kev, Kuv yuav tsum hais tias, kev kawm yam lus txij thaum yau, thiab txhim kho nws nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm nws lub neej. Ua ntej muaj no yog cov kev cob cog rua kev hais lus, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb los qhia tus me nyuam tub ntxhais hluas heev hnub nyoog, thiab ces - ntau yam kev kawm. Kev mloog yuav tsum tau them mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Lavxias teb sab lus (Qib 4) - yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev kawm. Nws yog tsim nyog los kawm nws, vim hais tias qhov tseeb cov tswv cuab ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub yuav tsum tau cov me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm yog heev tham, nws muaj xws li kev kawm txog cov spelling, syntax, cov cim, style, semantics, thiab tshaj. Txawm li cas los, yuav tsum paub txog yuav ua li cas muaj ntau haiv neeg peb Lavxias teb sab lus. 4 chav kawm ntawv, cov kawm ntawv kawm tiav los yog xyoo - qhov kev kawm yuav tsum tau kawm ib txwm tsim thiab kev txhim kho lawv cov kev txawj ntse.