Hom cua sov, lawv tus yam ntxwv thiab siv. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rwb thaiv tsev: xyuas, tswv yim

Rwb thaiv tsev - generic npe rau cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tsim los txo cov kev hloov ntawm tshav kub thiab suab.

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm rwb thaiv tsev

Xav txog tej yam ntawm cua sov, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntaub ntawv, uas yuav tuaj tos cov kev tsim nyog cov ntaub ntawv kom zoo. Muaj ob lub ntsiab hom ntawm nws: Thaum tshav kub kub thiab suab rwb thaiv tsev. Tus thawj thiaj li muaj cov tshav kub hloov. Qhov no ua rau ib tug ntau ruaj khov kub, txo cov cua kub thiab cua txias huab cua. Suab rwb thaiv tsev ua rau lub tsev ib tug ntau qab ntxiag lub neej, tiv thaiv sab nraud suab nrov. Yuav kom xaiv tau qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov khoom tau mus kawm rau hauv lub cais ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, muab lub R-nqi raws li ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm thermal kuj. Lub siab dua cov qhab nia, qhov zoo.

Thermal rwb thaiv tsev ntaub ntawv no yog siv:

• nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho rau facade thiab sab hauv tej hauj lwm siv rau ntawm phab ntsa, plag tsev, ru tsev;
• rau kev hom phiaj - insulated kav thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom;
• kom meej hom xws li infrared, lub tshuab nqus tsev, paab, huab cua - tech rwb thaiv tsev, uas nws cov yam ntxwv ua rau nws tau kom muaj tus yam kub nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev.

hom ntaub ntawv

Organic tshav kub rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm polymeric ntaub ntawv uas yog khaub-ncaws nyias, paug tswj qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus rau lub teeb thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv.

Hom cua sov, lawv tus yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov txawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv raw los ntawm uas lawv ua. Lawv yuav ua tau:

• organic;
• mixed;
• inorganic.

Tso cua sov yog cov sib txawv qauv thiab yog granular, fibrous, cellular. Thiab tau daim los ntawm kuav los tiag cov ntaub ntawv, zoo li tus khoom rau cov phiaj. Ib tug tshwj xeeb ntsuas no yog qhov tus piv ntawm cov hluav taws los ntawm tag resistant ntau yam rau qhov hluav taws kub ruaj, uas yog tsuas yog siv rau tej, nqaim hom phiaj.

cav ntoo khoom nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm slabs, shavings, tej daim, raws li zoo raws li siv ntawv, ntau hom ntawm pov tseg los ntawm lub fodder nyob rau hauv ua liaj teb yog hu ua "organic rwb thaiv tsev rau phab ntsa", uas yog tus nqi qis tshaj. Cov ntaub ntawv no yog siv rau ntiag tug tsev, tab sis lawv muaj peev xwm ua ntub dej thiab resistant mus lwj.

Rau inorganic ntaub ntawv muaj xws li mineral wool thiab nws cov derivatives, vaj tse thiab iav, tus pov tseg lag luam nrog tshwj xeeb technology nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ua npuas ncauj, fiber, cellular lug. Lawv tsiag ntawv los ntawm ib tug nruab nrab kev luj, uas tsis muaj zog, soaking. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog siv xwb nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog rau lwm cov tsev khoom.

Yuav kom ib tug tov insulating insulant xws li asbestos ntaub ntawv (khoom, ntaub pua plag, ua npuas ncauj). Lawv yog cov khaub-ncaws nyias, resistant mus hlawv, tab sis yuav ua tau teeb meem tshuaj tsis muaj ntxiv tiv thaiv los yog kev installation.

Cov khoom tseem ceeb rau insulating

Lub ntsiab yam ntawm cua sov, lawv tus yam ntxwv thiab daim ntaub ntawv yuav muab suav hais tias nyob rau hauv ib qho piv txwv ntawm feem ntau rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom.

Iav ntaub plaub yog tsim los ntawm siv lub khob thiab xuab zeb, dej qab zib tshauv thiab limestone. Ces tus iav yog molded siv ib tug cob net lab ntawm fibers uas yog kev cob cog rua rau txhua lwm yam. Tej rwb thaiv tsev tej zaum yuav ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qaws thiab slabs. Mineral wool yog manufactured los ntawm molten pob zeb nyob rau hauv lub cub tawg, los ntawm kev uas yog cua tshuab ntawm ib tug kub ntawm txog 1600 ° C. Tiav lawm cov khoom yog nyob rau hauv yob thiab los xij. Cov kev ceev ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm no hom tej zaum yuav txawv. Nws ua raws li ib tug zoo thermal thiab acoustic insulator.

Txhav rwb thaiv tsev panels raug muab faib mus rau hauv:

• Polyurethane (PUR) boards, lawv tau sau nrog roj, tab sis nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tiv thaiv kom txhob nws los ntawm ntws, kho nrog txhuas ntawv ci.
• Polyisocyanurate (PIR) boards muaj ntev fiberglass yarns nyob rau hauv cov qauv.
• Polystyrene phiaj, e.g. Penoplex rwb thaiv tsev yog zoo cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv huab cua kub thiab cov suab nrov.

Paab rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv ci yog environmentally tus phooj ywg thiab zoo cov khoom uas yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho kev lag luam. Khoom ntawm ntawv ci thiaj li tshav kub hloov lwm lub tsev mus rau 97%. Paab insulator ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug zoo kawg ntaub thaiv npog tiv thaiv evaporation thiab thiaj li hws. Tso zis yuav ua tau ib qho teeb meem rau ib co ntawm cov fiberglass khoom.

Ekoizolyatsiya

Conference cov khoom xws li ecological hom rwb thaiv tsev. Qhov no thermal thiab acoustic daim hlau thiab yob, paj rwb ntaub plaub, hemp thiab siv polyester. Qhuav siv txoj kev yuav hauv ob sab phlu ntawm plasterboard. Lawv yog siv raws li ib tug hloov ntub plaster.

Cua membrane, waterproofing cov ntaub ntawv, adhesives - thiab qhov kev siv ntawm qhov tsim nyog cov khoom xyaw. Cov kev ceev ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw zov los tiv thaiv ru tsev, Facades lwm systems, thiab lub nthab qab nthab, pem teb, phab ntsa tej zaum yuav txawv pab kom txawm peem rau kub regimes txawv climatic ib ncig chaw.

dov khoom

Yob rwb thaiv tsev - feem ntau thiab pheej yig hauv daim ntawv ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Nws muaj ib tug saj zawg zog mos xov, feem ntau ntawm tag nrho - fiberglass. Tej ntaub ntawv no yog tseem manufactured los ntawm mineral (pob zeb thiab slag), yas thiab tej yam ntuj tso fibers xws li paj rwb thiab wool.

Daim Hlau thiab coils yog tsuas rhaub, uas yog haum rau hauv tus txheej txheem kauj ruam ntawm lub tes nyob rau hauv lub phab ntsa, ru tsev rafters los yog beams thiab hauv pem teb slabs. Nruam yob yuav manually txiav tawm los yog undercut profile nyob rau hauv tej lub dav hlau yuav tsum tsis txhob discontinuities. Rwb thaiv tsev yog ntsia nrog los sis tsis muaj hauv ob sab phlu. Manufacturers feem ntau ua ke cov ntaub ntawv uas webs nrog ib tug tiv thaiv txheej ntawm kraft ntawv, ntawv ci, kraft daim ntawv los yog yas muab ib tug vapor barrier thiab cov tshuab cua barrier. Daim Hlau nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb refractory nto los tsim ntau yam dav qab daus phab ntsa thiab lwm qhov chaw uas lawv txheej yuav nyob twj ywm qhib. Hauv ob sab phlu kuj yuav pab txhawb fastening thaum lub sij hawm installation. Cuaj kaum phaj uncoated los ntawm kev siv ntxiv rwb thaiv tsev - nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rwb thaiv tsev rau phab ntsa, uas nws nqi yog heev tsim nyog.

lub npe	Nqe ib yob muab.
Iav ntaub plaub Ursa	900-1300
Uniflex "Technonikol"	1100-1400
Ntaub plaub tsiaj "Isover"	1100-1300

Standard fiberglass yob thiab slabs muaj siab thermal kuj, tab sis saum toj no no daim duab rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab.

qhob blocks

Qhob blocks siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm lub tsev rau lub hauv paus thiab phab ntsa. Muaj ob peb txoj kev los tiv thaiv lawv. Yog hais tias lub cores tsis nyob los ntawm cov pob zeb thiab hlau rau cov yam ntxwv yog vim li cas, tej zaum lawv yuav tsum tau sau nrog rwb thaiv tsev, uas tsub kom qhov nruab nrab R-nqi ntawm cov phab ntsa. Teb cov kev tshawb fawb thiab computer simulations pom tau tias cov technology ntawm sau txhua yam ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj me ntsis ntawm cov roj nyiaj, vim hais tias lub tshav kub yog yooj yim ua los ntawm tus so ntawm lub khoom qhov chaw ntawm cov phab ntsa, cov pob qij txha. Ntau nraaj yuav ntsia saum tej plag chaw ntawm rwb thaiv tsev blocks. Nws nqi yog ho qis tshaj tus nqi ntawm cov cua kub.

Tso rwb thaiv tsev rau lub hauv phab ntsa ntawm cov cab kuj thiab cov facade muaj ntxiv zoo nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub block muaj thermal loj. Lub installation ntawm xws li ib tug txias qhov chaw pab tswj qhov kub thiab txias.

Ib txhia manufacturers xws li polystyrene hlaws dai nyob rau hauv lub pob zeb blocks. Uas tsub kom lub R-indexes ntawm cov khoom thoob plaws. Lwm yam manufacturers ua lub ua npuas ncauj qhob blocks. Lawv thermal kuj yog ntau tshaj ob lub sij hawm. Ntau ntau thiab tsawg pab rwb thaiv tsev pab ntau daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub tsev blocks.

Nws muaj ob hom ntawm cov khoom precast autoclaved qhob: Walling blocks ua los ntawm autoclaved aerated qhob thiab autoclaved aerated qhob. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj txog 80% cua thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho.

Autoclave qhob kaum lub sij hawm tshaj rau ib tug pa insulating zog. Loj blocks yog yooj yim sawn, thiab qhov zoo yog tom by means of pa cuab yeej. Cov khoom absorbs dej, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm noo noo. Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov precast AAC yoov tshauv siv es tsis txhob ntawm quartz xuab zeb. Qhov no yog txawv los ntawm cellular qhob. Cov tshauv ua los ntawm cov combustion ntawm thee nyob rau hauv fais fab nroj tsuag thiab yog tshuam free ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog yav tas los pov tseg.

Tsis tas li ntawd los tsim ib tug sov so hollow phab ntsa siv blocks ua los ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm pob zeb thiab ntoo shavings. Lawv ntsia los tso tsis tau siv qhuav tshuaj. Ib tug tej zaum teeb meem nrog no hom ntawm chav tsev yog hais tias cov ntoo yog raug dej thiab kab.

Rau phab ntsa ua los ntawm pob zeb blocks yog feem ntau yog siv rwb thaiv tsev penoplex thaum lub sij hawm lub tsev tshiab kev tsim kho thiab loj kho los yog insulating qhob blocks. Thaiv phab ntsa nyob rau hauv lub tsev cais thiab hauv tsev.

Foamed txhav los xij thiab lawm formwork

Txhav rwb thaiv tsev panels yuav siv tau los insulate yuav luag txhua ib feem ntawm lub tsev, thiab los ntawm lub-ru tsev cia rau hauv lub hauv paus. Rwb thaiv tsev "Penoplex" los yog lwm yam txhav los xij muab zoo thaum tshav kub kub tsis kam, thiab kuj txo lub tshav kub conductivity ntawm lub yam ntxwv hais. Feem ntau hom ntaub ntawv siv nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm panels: txhab polystyrene, uas muaj xws li polystyrene, extruded polystyrene - "Penoplex", polyisocyanurates thiab polyurethanes.

Insulating ntxwv ntaub ntawv (ICF), mas tsim rau cam khwb cia pob zeb lug, tsim cov phab ntsa uas muaj tshav kub tsis kam.

ICF systems muaj interconnected daim hlau muaj li ntawm blocks uas nyob kev rwb thaiv tsev, los yog ua npuas ncauj blocks. Lub panels yog fastened ua ke los ntawm yas ties. Nrog rau lub ua npuas ncauj hais yog siv steel qhov cuab lub zog tuav, uas yog ntxiv ua ntej lub pob zeb yog poured. Thaum ua ntawv thov lub ua npuas ncauj blocks yog steel rods hauv lub muaj kab noj hniav rau txhawb lub phab ntsa.

Rwb thaiv tsev yog feem ntau yooj yim prey rau cov kab thiab av. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau cov teeb meem, ib txhia manufacturers ua insecticide-kho ua npuas ncauj blocks thiab siv cov hau kev rau waterproofing. Yuav kom zoo nruab ib lub system ICF los yog rwb thaiv tsev (xyuas yog unanimous), xav tau kev pab ntawm tej tub txawg.

ICF tau txais kev pab hais tias:

• Rwb thaiv tsev qha lub siab zoo ntawm tshav kub thiab waterproofing.
• Heev yooj yim rau nruab xws li ib tug system rau lawv tus kheej.
• Nws ua hauj lwm zoo kawg nkaus rau ob peb xyoo.

Xoob hom cua sov

Xoob rwb thaiv tsev muaj zoo hais ntawm fiber, ua npuas ncauj los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Qhov no loj tas ib khoom uas yuav tau sau nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw tsis muaj cuam tshuam cov qauv los yog finishes. Qhov no muaj peev xwm coj ib daim ntawv uas Modernization nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nyob qhov twg muaj tsis muaj tau los tsim kom muaj cov tsoos hom rwb thaiv tsev, ua haum tej rwb thaiv tsev, tus nqi yog tsawg heev li. Feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm no hom yog cellulose, iav fiber ntau thiab mineral fiber. Lawv yog ua siv siv pov tseg. Lub sis plawv hniav los ntawm siv ntawv. Fiberglass ua nyob rau ntawm 20-30% siv iav. Mineral rwb thaiv tsev "Technonikol" yog feem ntau ua los ntawm 75% post-industrial cov ntaub ntawv. Ib txhia tsis tshua muaj heev rwb thaiv tsev muaj xws li polystyrene hlaws dai, perlite thiab vermiculite. Xoob rwb thaiv tsev tej zaum yuav ntsia tau rau hauv kaw kab noj hniav los yog attics. Cellulose, fiberglass, mineral wool, feem ntau yuav tsum tau ntsib txawj assemblers, uas yuav muab cov ceev thiab siab R-nqi. Polystyrene hlaws dai, perlite thiab vermiculite feem ntau poured.

Infrared thiab paab tej

Feem ntau cov rwb thaiv tsev system resists conductive thiab convective tshav kub flux. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws rwb thaiv tsev ntaub ntawv infrared teeb meem. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam radiant tshav kub. Qhov no rwb thaiv tsev yog ntsia nrog kev pab los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb.

Radiant tej yog siv nyob rau hauv lub tsev, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv attics. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txo tshav kub nce nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov thiab txo txias nqi. Paab rwb thaiv tsev muaj xws li infrared tej ntawm txhuas ntawv ci muaj ib tug siab reflectivity.

Cov systems kuj yog ib ntau yam ntawm substrates nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov kraft ntawv, yas zaj duab xis los yog pellets, cov duab los qhia, thiab lwm yam rwb thaiv tsev cov khoom.

Infrared tawg kis nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj kab los ntawm tej dav hlau thiab heats cov khoom nto uas absorbs zog. Thaum lub hnub heats lub-ru tsev - ib tug kev txiav txim ntawm radiant zog. Ntau ntawm no tshav kub "mus" los ntawm lub-ru tsev rau saum nthab, lub-ru tsev yog nqa rau lub dav hlau.

Ru tsev rhuab khoom emits tus tau txais lub zog mus rau lub txias nthab nto, xws li huab cua ducts thiab ru tsev cov plag tsev.

IR barrier thiaj li radiant tshav kub hloov lwm lub tsev ntawm lub qis ru tsev nto mus rau lwm yam - nyob rau hauv lub nthab. Yuav kom ua tau zoo, tus system yuav tsum tau muab mus rau hauv lub airspace.

Infrared barrier - ib tug rhaub, yam ntxwv uas ua rau nws ntau npaum nyob rau hauv kub climates, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub txias huab cua ducts nyob rau hauv lub nthab. Tej kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias cov radiant tej yuav txo tau tus nqi ntawm txias ntawm 5% mus rau 10% thaum siv rau hauv hnub ci huab cua. Txo cov cua sov nce. Qhov no ua rau nws tau txo cua txias nqi. Nyob rau hauv txias huab cua, yuav tsum tau ntau nqi-zoo rau nruab-saving rwb thaiv tsev.

Txhav fiber rwb thaiv tsev

Fiber rwb thaiv tsev muaj fiberglass los yog mineral wool, cov pob zeb thiab slag thiab yog siv mas rau kev tiv thaiv ducts nyob rau hauv vaj tse. tej khoom yooj yim ntau lawm tshuab. Tab sis mineral wool rwb thaiv tsev "Technonikol" muaj ib tug cim txheej ntawm thaj chaw uas tsis yooj yim rau muab nyob rau hauv ib yam khoom. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug yuav tsum tau rau ib tug khoom uas yuav mas siab kub. Installation no feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov kws txawj rau chaw dim pa thiab cua txias ducts rau lub txheej chaw. Yog hais tias uncoated insulator, lub installation ua hauj lwm tiav qhov cuab lub zog ntawm MAAs, thiab dej pleev cov tshuaj canvas mastic. Txawv thickness muab cov kev kawm thermal rwb thaiv tsev R-nqi. Daim Hlau teem kom cov nqaws nruab nrab ntawm lawv raug khi los ntawm ib tug siab rhiab daim kab xev los fiberglass thiab mastic.

Ua Npuas Ncauj thiab kua atomizers insulators

Kua ua npuas ncauj tsuag los yog nchuav rau hauv qhov chaw. Ib txhia cov ntaub ntawv tej zaum yuav muaj ob zaug rau cov R-nqi dua pa. Ua Npuas Ncauj rwb thaiv tsev rau phab ntsa nyob txawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws muaj kab noj hniav, tsim ib tug zoo huab cua teeb meem. Niaj hnub no, feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv foaming kab mob, uas tsis tau thov cov chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) los yog hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) - teeb meem rau cov ozone txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb substance. Qhov kua ua npuas ncauj rwb thaiv tsev yog ua los ntawm MAAs, phenol, polyisocyanurate, polyurethane. Ib co ntawm cov tsis tshua muaj heev hom xws li aysinin thiab terpolymer. Aysinin yuav tsuag los yog tswvcuab, ua rau nws ntau ntau yam, thiab nws tseem muaj zoo kam mus rau lub allergic ntawm huab cua thiab dej. Terpolymer - dej-soluble ua npuas ncauj, uas yog txhaj rau hauv cov kab noj hniav phab ntsa. Qhov no cim insulator muaj zoo heev kuj kom cov hluav taws thiab cua allergic.

Cov kua insulating ua npuas ncauj nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog ib tug npuas tawm neeg sawv cev yog thov siv me me ntim rau hauv lub tshuaj tsuag. Ua Npuas Ncauj rwb thaiv tsev rau lub phab ntsa nyob rau hauv loj tus xov tooj nchuav rau hauv qhov chaw nyob rau hauv siab. Ob hom nthuav thiab harden lub sib tov. Lawv kuj yoog mus rau qhov zoo ntawm cov kab noj hniav, sau thiab sealing nws heev kom zoo zoo. Qeeb-tua kua ua npuas ncauj kuj muab. Nws yog tsim los ntws nyob ib ncig ntawm obstacles rau lub expansion thiab solidification. Kua ua npuas ncauj yuav poured ncaj qha los ntawm lub thawv. Nws yog feem ntau siv rau cov kab noj hniav phab ntsa nyob rau hauv thaj vaj tse.

erection ua hauj lwm

Installation ntawm feem ntau hom ntawm cov kua ua npuas ncauj rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb cov khoom thiab yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ib tug tej installer.

Tom qab installation ntawm lub thermal barrier ua npuas ncauj ntaub ntawv rau cov hluav taws kuj yog plasterboard. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib co tsev codes tsis paub txog lub deposition raws li ib tug vapor barrier. Yog li ntawd hais tias qhov no installation yuav tsum tau ntxiv parozaschity.

Ib txhia hom rwb thaiv tsev ntaub ntawv yuav tsum mounted rau lawv tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam los yog ua npuas ncauj. Lwm tus yuav tsum tau kev installation.

• Tshwj xeeb cov kev txawj yuav tsum tau insulating qhob blocks, uas yog stacked tsis muaj tshuaj khib. Ib tug nto txuam configuration los yog ntxiv constructs.
• Insulating phab ntsa blocks ua hauj lwm yog conditioned qhov chaw sab hauv, uas muaj peev xwm simulate chav tsev kub.
• Pw phab ntsa blocks ntawm autoclaved aerated qhob thiab autoclaved aerated qhob tsim ib tug 10-fold rwb thaiv tsev tus nqi raws li muab piv rau pa qhob.

Maximum thermal kev kawm los yog R-nqi ntawm rwb thaiv tsev hom cua sov, lawv cov yam ntxwv thiab daim ntaub ntawv ho muaj kev cuam tshuam cov cai ntawm ib tug installation.