Gorodetsky Sergey Mitrofanovich: biography, muaj tswv yim, yees duab

Gorodetsky Sergey Mitrofanovich - ib tug naas ej Lavxias teb sab paj huam, ib tug ntawm cov brightest cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub txawj zog Acmeism.

Qhov no modernist qauv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam twb tsim raws li ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov excesses ntawm symbolism thiab yuav tsum rov qab mus rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm clarity ntawm phau ntawv, lub abandonment ntawm lub mystical nebula thiab txais yuav qhov hauv ntiajteb no lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv nws zoo nkauj tiag tiag, kaj, muaj ntau haiv neeg, pom pob zeb.

Sergei Gorodetsky: biography

Sergei Gorodetsky yug nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, Lub ib hlis ntuj 5, 1884. Nws tsev neeg yog txawv haivneeg kev coj noj: niam nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas twb paub Turgenev YOG, leej txiv twb koom nyob rau hauv painting, sau tej hauj lwm rau lus dab neeg thiab archeology, thiab txij li thaum yau instilled nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam ardent txoj kev hlub rau cov paj huam. Me Sergei nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, cov niam txiv feem ntau tau ntsib mas sau ntawv thiab ntxias, thiab NS Leskov txawm muab nws phau ntawv "laug-tes laug" nrog kos npe rau. Thaum nws yog 9 xyoo, nws txiv tau tuag, thiab tag nrho cov kev kho mob ntawm lub kiddies tsib poob rau hauv lub xub pwg nyom ntawm Ekaterina Nikolaevna niam.

lub sij hawm cov tub ntxhais kawm

Nyob rau hauv 1902, ib tug tub hluas nkag mus hauv lub St. Petersburg University ntawm lub keeb kwm-philological kws qhia ntawv. Muaj befriended los ntawm A. BLOK, uas nws cov paj huam muaj ib tug profound feem nyob rau yav tom ntej hauj lwm ntawm lub feemxyuam me nyuam kawm ntawv. Nws yog rau nws, lub meej kev ntsuas ntawm aesthetic thiab kev ncaj ncees sensibility, Sergei thoj siab kev xav txog ntau yam tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kos duab thiab lub neej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus luag verses Gorodetskiy Sergey Mitrofanovich, uas nws biography yog nthuav rau tam sim no tiam, nws tshawb nrhiav Slavic lus, Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, kos duab keeb kwm thiab teeb duab. Tej lub sij hawm txawm lub "Crosses" yog nyob rau hauv tsev rau txim rau nws kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov zajlus zog. Tom qab kev kawm nyob rau lub tsev kawm ntawv kom txog rau thaum 1912, vim li ntawd nws yeej tsis tiav lawm.

Sergeya Gorodetskogo Creativity

Nyob rau hauv 1904 thiab 1905 Gorodetsky ua lub caij ntuj sov mus txawv tebchaws los Pskov xeev, nyuaj feemxyuam kws sau paj lug tiag tiag txaus siab nyob rau hauv pej xeem cov kos duab. Impressed intricate ritual seev cev, laus seev cev, entertaining dab neeg nrog cov ntsiab ntawm cov pagan antiquity 22-xyoo-laus sau luam tawm ib phau ntawv, "Xph" (1906) - nws thawj thiab kev vam meej rau me nyuam. Nyob rau hauv nws lub kws sau paj lug vividly recreated cov ib nrab-real, xim duab ntawm ancient Russia nrog mythological dluab, uas Ameslikas intertwined kawm ntawm niaj hnub lub sij hawm nrog echoes ntawm qhabnias antiquity, pagan ntseeg thiab ritual ua si. Nws yog funny dwb kwv huam, ua pa freshness thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas ntawm poetic lawm.

Los ntawm critics thiab cov txawj nyeem ntawv mus rau qhov chaw Gorodetsky, embodies lub ancient Slavic mythology nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntaub ntawv kom nkag siab daim ntawv no, tau hnov xwb qhuas hais lus. Sim mus ntxiv nws ci ntsa iab triumph thiab xa rov qab mus rau lub sab saum toj zaug kov yeej paub thiab koob meej, Sergei pib frantically maj nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm txoj kev tshiab thiab sim nthuav lub ntau yam ntawm lawv tus kheej creativity. Txawm li cas los, cov nram qab no ntaub ntawv (tus sau "Perun" (1907), "Tsiaj qus Will" (1908), "Rus" (1910), "Willow" (xyoo 1914)) tsis tau ua cov neeg tuaj saib lub tswv yim tias lub kws sau paj lug xav tau. Peb yuav hais tias, lawv cov tsos tseem zoo unnoticed.

Cov me nyuam dab neeg nyob rau hauv lub kws sau paj lug

Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm 1910-1915 tus sau ua nws txhais tes rau luag thiab publishes tej hauj lwm xws li "Nyob rau hauv av", "taleas. Tales "," Cov laus zes, "" Adas, "lub comedy" Tsaus Cua "qee" Marit. " cov me nyuam dab neeg lub advent ntawm lub domestic ntaub ntawv yog tseem yuav tsum tau mus Sergei, uas tau sau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov me nyuam cov phau ntawv thiab collect cov duab ntawm cov tub ntxhais txuj ci.

Nyob rau hauv 1911, Gorodetskiy Sergey Mitrofanovich txawv nws tus kheej raws li ib tug txawj critic, npaj rau cov ntawv qhia Works Ivan Savich Nikitin thiab nrog los ntawm ib tug introductory tsab xov xwm thiab meej sau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv 1912, disillusioned nrog lub symbolism, nrog Nikolai Gumilyov tsim "Department of paj huam", pib ua presentations thiab nquag tshaj tawm Acmeism, kom meej meej reflected nyob rau hauv lub collections ntawm "Willow" thiab "Blooming neeg ua hauj lwm" (1913).

Friendship nrog Yesenin

Nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog kuv, Sergei Gorodetsky, ib tug luv luv biography uas yog qhia nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tuaj nyob rau hauv tus ntawm nationalist sentiment uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv phau ntawv "Lub kaum plaub xyoo" (1915). Qhov no teb mus rau lub official patriotism coj nws mus rau sib cav sib ceg nrog leading Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv.

Txij li thaum 1915, nws pib nws kev phooj ywg nrog Yesenin, nyob rau hauv uas lub kws sau paj lug Sergey Gorodetsky suav hais tias yog kev cia siab ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Pojniam plaub hau daj txiv neej hluas uas curly plaub hau tuaj rau lub chav tsev ntawm lub kws sau paj lug ntawm lub Bloc nyob rau qhov kev pom zoo; Nws cov kwv huam tau khi nyob rau hauv ib tug dog dig lub zos khaub hlab. Los ntawm cov thawj kab Sergei Mitrofanovich pom hais dab tsi muaj kev kaj siab tuaj mus rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Lub tsev txais tos cov tub ntxhais kws sau paj lug Yesenin laug nrog rau ib tug sau ntawm "lub kaum plaub xyoo," tus kheej tau kos npe los ntawm Gorodetsky, thiab cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm kev pom zoo rau ntau yam publishers.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1916 Gorodetsky, chim nyob rau hauv cov zajlus ua hauj lwm, nws poob tawm nrog BLOK thiab Ivanov (tus thawj coj ntawm lub St. Petersburg Symbolists), thiab raws li ib tug correspondent rau cov ntawv xov xwm mus rau lub Caucasian pem hauv ntej. Nws nyob ntawm no to taub lub groundlessness ntawm nws tsis ntev los no insights txog tsov rog, uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv cov kwv huam, permeated nagging mob ( "Angel ntawm Armenia", 1918).

Thaum lub sij hawm lub ob hlis ntuj kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917 tus kws sau paj lug yog nyob rau hauv Iran, ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug camp rau mob typhus. Lub kaum hli ntuj txheej xwm pom nws nyob rau hauv lub Caucasus, thawj zaug nyob rau Tbilisi, qhov twg nws nyeem ib chav kawm nyob rau hauv zoo nkauj City Conservatory, thiab ces nyob rau hauv Baku. Nyob rau hauv 1918, nws tau sau ib zaj paj huam "Nostalgia", lees tias kev pom zoo los ntawm lub kws sau paj lug ntawm revolutionary txheej xwm.

Siv cov kev faib ntawm ib tug tshiab lub ntiaj teb no

Nyob rau hauv 1920, Gorodetsky twb kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub arrangement ntawm ib tug tshiab lub neej, nws tau los ua lub taub hau ntawm lub dag department, taws los ntawm cov zajlus ib feem ntawm cov nom tswv department ntawm lub Caspian fleet, koom nyob rau hauv editing ntau cov phau ntawv Magazine luam tawm cov khoom thiab cov lus qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev kawm.

Nyob rau hauv 1921 nws tau tsiv mus rau Moscow, qhov twg nws tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Izvestia" (phau ntawv division) thiab Nikolaem Nikolaevichem Aseevym (Soviet kws sau paj lug) coj litchast Theatre kiv puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv lub 1920s, lossi kho nws txawj views, feem ntau luam tawm. Txij thaum pib ntawm lub 30 lub Gorodetsky los ua kev koom muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv translations, qhia tus nyeem ntawv lub cov neeg tuaj saib nrog rau cov paj huam los ntawm cov neighboring republics. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tsim thawj opera librettos rau ob peb ua yeeb yam.

xyoo ua tsov ua rog

Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov hnub ntawm lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog Sergei, ua nyob rau hauv Leningrad, nws sau cov paj huam "Nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau tus yeeb ncuab", uas yog nyeem rau hauv xov tooj cua. Gorodetsky feem ntau ua nyob rau ntawm conscription chaw ua hauj lwm, rallies thiab cov rooj sib tham. Nyob rau hauv kev tsov rog xyoo, tus kws sau paj lug twb evacuated mus Uzbekistan thiab ces nyob rau hauv Tajikistan. Muaj txhais cov kwv huam los ntawm lub zos sau phau ntawv. Ua ntej tsov rog, nws rov qab mus rau lub capital, qhov twg nws txuas ntxiv mus sau zoo.

Nyob rau hauv 1945, Gorodetskiy Sergey tau faus nws tus poj niam Anna A. - ncaj ncees phooj ywg thiab luag ntawm nws lub neej. Nyob rau hauv 1958 nws luam tawm nws ntawv ua hauj lwm "Kuv txoj kev." Nyob rau hauv lub xeem xyoo ntawm nws lub neej koom nyob rau hauv kev qhia kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv lub Literary lub koom haum rau lawv. Gorky. Ib tug ntawm lub xeem kwv huam Gorodetsky yog cov paj huam "Harp", nyob rau hauv uas lub kws sau paj lug hais rau tus ntsuj plig uas koj nyiam cov suab paj nruag, heev npaum li cas rau nws. Sergey Mitrofanovich Gorodetsky tuag nyob rau hauv 1967, hnub nyoog 83 xyoo.