Solzhenitsyn, "Ib hnub nyob rau hauv lub Ivana Denisovicha." Analysis, ib txoj kev ntawm lub ntsiab cim

Solzhenitsyn zaj dab neeg "Ib tug hnub nyob rau hauv lub Ivana Denisovicha" yog tsim nyob rau hauv 1959. Tus sau sau nws nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ua hauj lwm rau tus tshiab "Tus Thawj vajvoog". Nyob rau hauv cia li 40 hnub lub Solzhenitsyn "Muaj ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha." Qhov tsom xam ntawm no ua hauj lwm - lub ntsiab ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm.

ntsiab hauj lwm

zaj dabneeg nyeem me ntsis txog cov lub neej nyob rau hauv lub camp cheeb tsam ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg pluag. Txawm li cas los, cov kev kawm khoom tsis yog mus rau lub yeej thoj nam lub neej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub ciaj sia taus ntawm cov lus nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, "Ib hnub ..." muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub zos, tau piav los ntawm lub plaub nco qab ntawm tus hero. Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg ntawm Turin, foreman, - pov thawj ntawm lub txim uas tau nyob rau hauv lub collectivization nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv ntau yam sib cav tswv yim, uas yog interconnected camp intellectuals sib tham ntau yam tshwm sim ntawm Soviet kos duab (theatrical premiere ntawm Yu Zavadsky, cov zaj duab xis "Ivan qhov txaus ntshai" Eisenstein). Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau txoj hmoo ntawm nws comrades nyob rau hauv lub camp Shukhov hais ntau yam lus ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Soviet lub sij hawm.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm txoj hmoo ntawm Russia yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm creativity ntawm ib tug txawj sau ntawv zoo li Solzhenitsyn. "Muaj ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha", tus tsom xam uas peb xav nyob rau hauv, tsis yog cov kev zam. Muaj lub zos, lwm threads organically inscribed nyob rau hauv no qho teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, lub ntsiab ntawm txoj hmoo ntawm cov kos duab nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws nrog ib tug totalitarian regime. Yog li ntawd, los ntawm lub yeej rog ntawm ntxias sau free duab rau cov bosses. Cov kos duab ntawm lub Soviet era, raws li Solzhenitsyn, yog ib feem ntawm lub zuag qhia tag nrho apparatus ntawm kev tsim txom. Shukhov rov xav txog ua dawb lias "cov ntaub pua tsev" lub zos handicraftsmen txhawb motif kos duab degradation.

Lub cuab ntxhiab ntawm zaj dab neeg

Xov xwm ntawm zaj dab neeg yog zaj dab neeg, uas yog tsim los ntawm Solzhenitsyn ( "Ib tug hnub nyob rau hauv lub Ivana Denisovicha"). Analysis qhia tau hais tias, txawm hais tias tus storyline txheej xwm ntev hauv paus yog tsuas yog ib hnub, predlagernuyu biography ntawm tus hero xav txog tej yam cia nws puas. Ivan Shukhov yug nyob rau hauv 1911. Nws siv nyob rau hauv lub countryside Temgenevo lawv cov pre-tsov rog xyoo. Nyob rau hauv nws tsev neeg - ob tug ntxhais (lub xwb tus tub tuag lawm tub ntxhais hluas). Shukhov yog ua rog nrog nws cov thawj hnub. Nws raug mob vim thiab ces coj tus neeg raug txim, qhov chaw uas nws muaj kev tswj kev khiav. Nyob rau hauv 1943 Shukhov twb txim ntawm "treason" nyob rau cuav nqi. Nws tau txais kev pab thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev txiav txim scene 8 xyoo. Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov khoom yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Kazakhstan, convict camp. Ib Lub ib hlis ntuj hnub nyob rau hauv 1951, Solzhenitsyn piav ( "Muaj ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha").

Analysis ntawm cov khoom cim system

Txawm tias feem ntau ntawm cov neeg sawv los ntawm tus sau laconic txhais tau tias, Solzhenitsyn tau ua nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm lawv cov yas qhia. Peb pom raznotsvete cov tib neeg, ib tug wealth ntawm tib neeg hom nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Muaj ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha." taleas heroes xwm laconically, tab sis rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm tus nyeem ntawv. Kws ntawv tej zaum kuj txaus rau tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ob tawg tsam kev paub qhia lo drawings. Solzhenitsyn (sau tus yees duab yog qhia hauv qab no) yog rhiab rau lub teb chaws, kev thiab kev cov chav kawm ntawv specifics ntawm tib neeg cim nws tsim.

Cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov cim yog kev kawm mus rau ib tug nruj hierarchy nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm yeej rog "Muaj ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha." Cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho lub tsev loj cuj lub neej ntawm lub protagonist, sawv cev nyob rau hauv ib hnub ua rau yus lub xaus hais tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub yeej tub ceev xwm thiab inmates - ib tug insurmountable kis. Tsim hnog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv no tshiab cov npe, cov npe thiab tej zaum plurality ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab saib xyuas. Lub kheej ntawm cov cim tsuas pom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ua phem, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub degree ntawm ferocity. On qhov tsis tooj, dua li cov homogenizing numbering system, muaj ntau yam ntawm cov neeg raug kaw nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm tus hero yog tam sim no nrog lub npe, thiab tej zaum kuj nrog lub patronymic. Qhov no qhia hais tias lawv tau tseg tus kheej. Txawm tias qhov no daim ntawv pov thawj tsis muaj feem xyuam rau thiaj li hu ua informers, nitwits thiab wicks piav nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Ib tug hnub nyob rau hauv lub Ivana Denisovicha." Cov cim kuj tsis muaj npe. Nyob rau hauv kev, Solzhenitsyn qhia txog yuav ua li cas lub system unsuccessfully attempts tig neeg mus rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub totalitarian tshuab. Tshwj xeeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv no hwm, tsuas yog cov cim tseem ceeb, cov dluab ntawm Turin (lub foreman), Paul (nws pab), Buinovska (kavtorang), thiab lub Latvian Baptist Alyosha Kilgasa.

protagonist

Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Ib tug hnub nyob rau hauv lub Ivana Denisovicha," cov duab ntawm lub cim tseem ceeb yog zoo heev kawg li. Solzhenitsyn ua nws ib tug txiv neej dog dig, ib tug Lavxias teb sab neeg pluag. Txawm tias obviously "exceptional" yam no ntawm camp lub neej, tus txawj sau ntawv nyob rau hauv nws tus cwj pwm txhob txwm tshaj tawm qhia txog cov txheej flashy, "dab tsi" tus cwj pwm. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim ntawm Solzhenitsyn, txoj hmoo ntawm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub innate morality thiab lub ntuj kuj ntawm cov txiv neej. Lub Shukhov tseem ceeb - rhuav tshem tsis tau puab lub meej mom. Ivan Denisovich, txawm tos rau lawv ntau educated solagernikam, hnub nyoog-laus cov neeg pluag cwj pwm tsis zoo tsis txhob hloov koj tus kheej thiab tsis txhob poob.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv lub characterization ntawm tus hero ntawm nws ua hauj lwm dexterity: Shukhov yog tau txais nws xis trowel; rau tuaj pwm yeem tom qab, nws hides daim txhuas hlau; Nws machined folding riam thiab expertly hoard nws. Ntxiv mus, seemingly insignificant cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm no cim, nws demeanor, ib yam ntawm cov neeg pluag cov lus qhia, tus kheej cwj pwm tsis zoo - tag nrho cov no nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus teb ntawm zaj dab neeg yog teem rau qhov tseem ceeb uas tso cai rau koj los mus ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub hnyav tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv tus tib neeg tus. Shukhov, piv txwv li, yeej ib txwm tsim thaum 1.5 teev ua ntej lub sib nrauj. Nws tus kheej yog rau cov neeg thaum sawv ntxov lub sij hawm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb mus rau lub hero lub sij hawm no, lub sij txoj kev ywj pheej kuj vim hais tias koj muaj peev xwm khwv tau.

"Cinematic" compositional hom kev kawm

Muaj ib hnub nyob rau hauv cov khoom no muaj tib neeg destiny los khov rau ntawd distillation ntawm nws lub neej. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis tau daim ntawv ceeb toom ib tug high degree ntawm kom meej: txhua txhua qhov tseeb nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg yog muab faib mus rau hauv me me Cheebtsam, feem ntau ntawm uas nkag closeup. Tus sau siv lub "cinematic" compositional hom kev kawm. Nws meticulously, tsis tshua muaj ua tib zoo tsom kwm txoj kev ua ntej tawm hauv lub barracks nws cim ntoo los yog noj li cov cev pob txha ntawm me me ntses, tau txais mus rau hauv lub kua zaub. Ib tug tib "ncej" yog muab hauv zaj dab neeg txawm xws li ib tug seemingly insignificant nthuav dav ntawm gastronomic li ntses ob lub qhov muag, ntab nyob rau hauv lub kua zaub. Nyob rau hauv no koj yuav pom los ntawm kev nyeem cov ua hauj lwm ntawm "ib hnub nyob rau hauv lub Ivana Denisovicha." Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshooj zaj dab neeg no ib tug ua tib zoo nyeem tso cai rau koj mus nrhiav tau ntau yam xws piv txwv.

Lub tswvyim ntawm "lub sij hawm"

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tias cov ntawv nyeem ua hauj lwm nrog txhua lwm yam los ze zog ua ke, tej zaum ua yuav luag synonymous nrog xws li lub tswv yim raws li lub "hnub" thiab "lub neej." Tej convergence yog nqa tawm los ntawm tus sau los ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm "lub sij hawm" nyob rau hauv lub universal narrative. Term - nws yog ib tug rau txim pub tawm ib tug neeg raug txim thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nrog cov kev cai ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tseem ceeb tshaj, nws yog ib tug yaj ntawm tib neeg destiny thiab ib tug ceeb toom ntawm lub yav tas, qhov tseem ceeb lub sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej. Ib Ntus los li tau nyob rau hauv cov khoom sib sib zog nqus ncaj ncees thiab puas siab puas ntsws overtones.

scene

Lub scene yog tseem tseem ceeb heev. Hostile neeg raug kaw ntawm camp qhov chaw, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txaus ntshai yog cov raug qhov chaw ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Raug kaw nyob rau hauv ib tug hurry mus hla sai li sai tau ntawm lub chav. Lawv yog cov ntshai raug ntes tau nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no, nyob rau hauv cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib tug tsuag tsuag mus whisk barracks. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov neeg uas hlub tus nyob deb li thiab tshav puam ntawm lub heroes ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, Shukhov thiab lwm yam neeg raug kaw ua npau suav ntawm ib tug crowded vaj tse. Rau lawv, lub tsev pheeb suab yog ib lub tsev.

Yuav ua li cas Kuv yog tus ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha?

Cov yam ntxwv ua Shukhov ib hnub yog muab ncaj qha los ntawm tus sau nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Solzhenitsyn tsom hais tias hnub no nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm lub cim tseem ceeb yog ib tug kawm tau zoo. Xav txog nws, tus neeg sau ntawv hais tias cov hero tsis muab tso rau hauv keev xeeb twj ywm, tsis ncaws rau Sotsmistechko brigade, nws zakosil porridge kev noj su, lub foreman kaw zoo protsentovku. Shukhov muab phab ntsa kev lom zem, tsis sawv mus Shmona nrog ib tug hacksaw, yav tsaus ntuj khwv tau Caesar thiab yuav ib co haus luam yeeb. Lub protagonist kuj poob mob. Dhau unalloyed hnub, "yuav luag zoo siab". Qhov no yog ib tug ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv "Ib tug hnub Ivana Denisovicha" ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov ntsiab txheej xwm. Cov lus kawg hauv tus sau suab li epic twj ywm. Nws hais tias hnub no nws yog nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm Shukhov 3653 - 3 ntxiv hnub mus hais li vim hais tias ntawm lub leap xyoo.

Solzhenitsyn tau refrained los ntawm qhib qhia ntawm xav thiab loj lus: zoo nkauj, thiab hais tias tus nyeem ntawv tej kev txiav txim ntawm qhov kev tsim nyog. Thiab nws yog guaranteed harmonious tsim ntawm zaj dab neeg hais txog cov tib neeg lub dag lub zog thiab lub hwj chim ntawm lub neej.

xaus

Yog li, nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm "Muaj ib hnub Ivana Denisovicha" teeb meem no raug tsa heev topical thaum lub sij hawm. Solzhenitsyn reproduces lub ntsiab nta ntawm lub ntu thaum lub zoo kawg raug kev txom nyem thiab tsim txom twb ibtxhi neeg. Lub keeb kwm ntawm no phenomenon tsis pib nyob rau hauv 1937, cim thawj kev ua txhaum ntawm tog thiab lub xeev lub neej, tab sis ntau npaum li cas ua ntej lawm, txij thaum pib ntawm cov hav zoov nyob rau hauv Russia totalitarian regime. Nyob rau hauv lub khoom li hais los khov rau ntawd destinies ntau Soviet cov neeg uas raug yuam kom them tus nqi rau xyoo ntawm torment, kev txaj muag, lub camps rau siab thiab ncaj ncees kev pab cuam. Sau ntawm tus tshiab "Ib tug hnub nyob rau hauv lub Ivana Denisovicha" tsa cov teeb meem kom tus nyeem ntawv yuav tau xav txog qhov xwm ntawm tus cai phenomena nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg, thiab ua rau lawv tus kheej tej cov lus xaus. Kws ntawv tsis moralize, tsis hu xov tooj rau ib yam dab tsi, nws tsuas piav txog cov kev muaj tiag. Artwork los ntawm nws tsuas yeej xwb.