General Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich. cov ntaub ntawv kawm vitae

Tuag taug qab nws. Tab sis nws yog siab tawv, bold thiab muaj hmoo, infinitely hlub lawv lub teb chaws thiab tau txais kev pab nws honestly. Nws yog tsis muaj kev huam yuaj, nws tuav lub title ntawm "Lub Xeem Knight ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman."

"Black Baron"

Qhov no npe menyuam yaus twb muab rau tus txiv neej, uas peb xav kom qhia rau. Nws Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich. Luv luv biography nws yog hais nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm.

Los ntawm cov keeb kwm nws yeej Baron. Yug nyob rau hauv Kovno xeev ntawm Russia, nyob rau hauv lub nroog Novoaleksandrovsk (tam sim no Kaunas). Tsev Neeg - los ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg, ib tug heev ancient caj ces. Nws XIII xyoo pua. los ntawm Genrikusa de Wrangell - Knight ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub Teutonic - ib co kua nplaum nws kev nrhiav caj ceg.

A "dub" General hu ua vim hais tias nyob rau hauv 1918, nws yeej ib txwm coj qhws tib xim Circassian Cossack. Thiab txawm dai kom zoo nkauj cartridge koj cov menyuam. Cov no yog cov me me thooj voos kheej kheej ua los ntawm cov pob txha los yog nyiaj, uas raug muab tso rau gunpowder nqi. Cartridge koj cov menyuam yog feem ntau uas txuas mus rau lub mis lub hnab tshos.

Petro yog ib tug nrov heev daim duab. Mayakovsky, piv txwv li, nws sau tias: "Ib tug kauj ruam yog ntse nyob rau hauv ib tug dub Circassian".

Ib tug xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm lub glorious tub rog

Nws - ib tug engineer los ntawm txoj kev kawm. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub Mining lub koom haum. Nws txiv - Vrangel Nikolay Egorovich - kos duab critic thiab kuj yog ib tug txawj sau ntawv. Nws kuj yog ib tug zoo kawg collector ntawm antiques.

Tej zaum hais tias yog vim li cas tus tub ntawm ib tug kws tub rog, thiab tsis xav ua. Tab sis cov noob zoo li tau ua lawv. Tab sis lub point yog tias cov kev P. N. Vrangel - qhov no yog ib tug ncaj qha ceg ntawm lub Txwj Laug Herman. Kuv yog nyob rau hauv Sweden (XVII c.), Ib daim-Marshal. Ib tug zoo-tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm nws los ntawm lub npe ntawm George Gustav tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug colonel nyob ze ntawm lub Charles XII. Thiab lub caij nyoog kawg no tus tub, uas nws lub npe yog Georg Hans, los ua ib tug loj xwb nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog. Tsis muaj ib tug yawg thiab poj koob yawm txwv thiab txiv ntxawm thiab xeebntxwv yog cov tub rog thiab tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub battles, uas feem ntau coj Russia. Lawv haiv neeg tau muab cov teb chaws Europe xya teb Marshals, Admirals ntau li ntau, thiab ntau tshaj peb caug generals.

Yog li ntawd, cov tub ntxhais Peter paub tag nrho cov no, yeej paub hais tias yuav siv sij hawm nrog pog koob yawg koob piv txwv. Cov tib Lavxias teb sab tub ceev xwm, uas nws lub npe yog inscribed tsis qhov chaw, thiab nyob rau cov phab ntsa hauv ib tug naas ej tuam tsev nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws twb teev cov neeg uas raug kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv tsov rog ntawm 1812. Lwm lub siab tawv nkauj muam nraug nus yuav Shamil - lub elusive thawj coj ntawm lub mountaineers. Nto moo thiab Ferdinand Wrangel, Arctic explorer thiab tus thawj coj rau tub rog ntawm hiav txwv. Nyob rau hauv nws yawm thiab npe hu ua cov kob. Thiab Pushkin - ib tug txheeb ze ntawm "Black Baron" los ntawm nws yawg Hannibal - moor ntawm Peter lub Great.

Interestingly, lub ib thooj npe rau rau siab ua tej koj cov nuj nqis raws li Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich, sau ua ke nyuaj heev. Muaj yog ib tug ntau ntawm cov lus tseeb uas zoo tshaj plaws qhia rau hauv cov duab ntawm no exceptional tus txiv neej. Tsuas muab ib motto ntawm no zoo - "Tuag, tab sis tsis txhob!". Tab sis nws sau ntawv ntawm peb cov hero raws li tag nrho cov nws lub neej.

Tsov rog nrog Nyiv

Yog li, tus tshiab khiv engineer Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich tsis pom nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej yog tsis muaj kev twb kev txuas ntawm lawv thiab cov tub rog. Yeej muaj tseeb, nws kawm ib xyoo nyob rau ntawm nees tso kom muaj kab muaj kev. Tab sis tus tshiab cornet kaw ... nyob rau hauv Tshuag. Thiab nws tau mus deb mus ua hauj lwm - nyob rau hauv Irkutsk. Thiab nws tsis yog cov tub rog thiab pej xeem ua hauj lwm.

Tag nrho cov ntawv teev lus tov tawg tsov rog. Nws volunteered rau Wrangell. Thiab nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej rau cov thawj lub sij hawm nws tso tawm kom pom nws tsis tseem ceeb zoo ntawm cov tub rog. Qhov no yog nws yeej muaj tseeb txoj hauj lwm.

Memoirs Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya. Nws sau txog txhua yam nyob rau hauv kom meej.

Los ntawm kawg ntawm 1904 nws tau nce mus captains. Nws tau tso ob tug khoom plig: St. Anne thiab St. Stanislaus. Lawv yog cov thawj "Piv txwv li" nyob rau hauv nws loj sau los ntawm khoom plig.

Thaum tsov rog tuaj mus rau qhov kawg, tus neeg tsav tsis xav txog tej yam lawv tus kheej tsis muaj ib tug tub rog. Txawm lub Imperial Academy ntawm lub General neeg ua hauj lwm twb kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1910.

Ib tug squadron ntawm cavalry

Thawj lub ntiaj teb Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich tau ntsib nrog tus nyob qib tus tauj ncov loj. Nws tau txib kom ib tug faib ntawm cavalry tso kom muaj kab muaj kev.

Nws twb muaj ib tug poj niam thiab 3 tug me nyuam. Kuv yuav tsis mus rau pem hauv ntej. Tab sis tsis muaj nyiaj no. Thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pem hauv ntej, cov tub ceev xwm rov qab sau txog tus neeg zoo tshaj ua siab loj ntawm tus tauj ncov loj Wrangel.

Cia li peb lub lis piam thiab nws yog los ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub tua neeg pov tseg, thiab nws posse tau zoo. Nqa tej phuam cavalry nres. Roj teeb yeeb ncuab yog tej. Thiab rau xws li ib tug feat Wrangell (cov thawj) twb cim. Nws tau txais qhov kev txiav txim ntawm St. George. Tsis ntev "paub tab txaus" rau colonel. Nyob rau hauv 1917, nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj, nws - Major General. Nws yog menyuam raws li ib tug heev pheej tub rog. Nyob rau hauv cov yam ntxwv sau tias Wrangel "koj siab tawv". Nyob rau hauv tej teeb meem no, koj to taub sai sai, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog - nyob rau hauv cov huab. Raws li zoo raws li ib tug tsis tshua resourceful.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm lub tib lub xyoo - lub kauj ruam tom ntej. Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich tam sim no commander ntawm ib tug loj lub cev ntawm cavalry. Tab sis lub kaum hli ntuj kiv puag ncig dua dheev hloov lub trajectory ntawm nws lub neej.

sau nrig

Nws raws roj ntsha Baron thiab loj general yuav tsis tau txais, rau cuab yog vim li cas. Cov tub rog sab laug. Khiav mus Yalta, nws nrog nws tsev neeg nyob rau ntawm nws dacha. Ntawm no nws twb puas tau raug ntes, lub zos Bolsheviks. Tab sis qhov lawv yuav them nws? Noble keeb kwm? Tub rog Merit? Thiab tsis ntev nws twb tso tawm, tab sis nkaum li kom txog thaum lub German pab tub rog tau tsis nkag mus hauv lub Crimea.

Nws tau mus rau Kiev. Npaj mus rau hauv lub kev pab cuam ntawm Hetman Pavlo Skoropadsky. Txawm li cas los, sai sai chim. Tsoom fwv ntawm Ukraine (tshiab) yog tsis muaj zog. Nws twb muaj nyob rau tsuas los ntawm tus German bayonets.

Wrangel xa mus rau lub nroog Ekaterinodar. Raws li commander (1 Mounted cov kev faib) los mus rau hauv pab dawb pab tub rog. Yog li ntawd nws tau pib nyob rau hauv lub dawb Army ntawm Baron kev pab tshiab.

Kws txawj tam sim no hais tias nws kawm tau zoo - qhov no yog kev lom zem ntau ib tug tsim nyog ntawm Wrangel, nws cavalry. Tom qab tag nrho, nws yeej ib txwm muaj nws tus kheej tactics. Piv txwv li, nws tau pom zoo rau cov nyiaj battles rau tag nrho cov fronts. Nws nyiam mus sau cavalry "nrig" thiab muab pov rau ib tug txhob ntawm tej ib cheeb tsam. Yuav ua ib lub tshuab ntawm xws quab yuam hais tias tus yeeb ncuab cia li khiav. Cov ci ntsa iab lub lag luam, uas muaj thiab siv "Black Baron", thiab xyuas kom muaj yeej ntawm cov tub rog raws li lub Kuban thiab lub North Caucasus.

Nyob rau hauv dej siab nrog Denikin

Lub nroog cavalry Wrangel Tsaritsyn coj nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj 1919. Thiab ntawm no nws yog tsim nyog, raws li nws tshwm sim! Tom qab xws li hmoov Baron poob mus rau hauv disgrace. Anton Denikin, commander ntawm lub Volunteer Army, yog npau taws rau nws. Yog vim li cas? Qhov tseeb hais tias ob qho tag nrho ntawm lawv - ib tug loj cov tub rog - muaj opposite views on ntxiv kev txiav txim. Denikin tswj mus rau Moscow, Wrangell tib yam - txuas nrog Kolchak (nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj).

Biography ntawm Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha qhia tau hais tias nws yog txoj cai nyob rau hauv ib puas feem pua. Rau lub peb hlis ntuj rau lub capital tau swb lawm. Tab sis lub correctness ntawm tus nrog sib ntaus ntau heev tshaj dua cem tus Denikin. Thiab nws muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub General Affairs.

Wrangel resigned (Lub ob hlis ntuj 1920). Kuv tau mus rau Constantinople.

tshiab kev cia siab

Zoo, nws twb yog ib tug ci ntsa iab hauj lwm? Tsis yog, nyob rau hauv saum ntuj ceeb tsheej kom txwv tsis pub. Tom qab ib tug ob peb lub hlis tshuav Denikin. Nws tus kheej resigned. Nyob rau hauv Sevastopol, hu ua ib tug council ua tsov ua rog. Raug xaiv coj nyob rau hauv thawj ntawm Wrangel.

Tab sis dab tsi nws tau vam? Tom qab tag nrho, lub "dawb" - thiab nws yog tseeb heev - nws cia li tu siab. tag nrho cov retreating pab tub rog. Sau kom tiav rout twb pib kaj ntug rau lub qab ntug.

Txawm li cas los, nws puas tau coj cov tub rog, Wrangel ua ib qho zoo kawg txuj ci tseem ceeb. Nws nres lub offensive troops "liab" fighters. Dawb tiv thaiv tswm nrees nyob rau hauv Crimea.

King rau ib hnub twg

Thaum lub sij hawm no rau lub hlis kuv tau ua npaum li cas rau lub xeem Lavxias teb sab knight. Muab qhov kev ua yuam kev, nws mus rau tus feem ntau zoo kawg xaus. Kuv xav kom nws pab neeg los ntawm tag nrho cov mus kev ntawm lub neej. Nws devised ib lub hom phiaj ntawm Agrarian kho kom zoo, uas nrog muab cov av mus rau peasants. Tsis tas li ntawd txais cov cua ntsawj ntshab socio-economic ntsuas. Lawv kom "yeej" Russia, tab sis tsis muaj riam phom, thiab lawv ua tau zoo.

Txawm Baron assumed tsoom fwv teb chaws cov qauv ntawm lub teb chaws, muaj kom paub txog cov kev ywj pheej - thiab mountaineers, thiab kuj Ukraine.

Tab sis los ntawm lub sij hawm nws tau txais nyob rau hauv hwj chim, tus Dawb khwb zog tau ploj - ob qho tag nrho nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm thoob ntiaj teb (West tsis kam pab lawv), thiab nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Lub Bolsheviks tswj feem ntau ntawm Russia nrog ib tug ntau ntau yam kev pab.

Wrangel caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 1920 yuav tsum tau tsa tub rog rov qab mus rau ua ib tug nres ntawm "liab". Nws ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov. "Dawb" nkag mus rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Northern Tavria. Lawv yuav tsum tau Tshuag txog rau cov khoom noj haus. Tab sis, ces hmoov tsis muaj ntau.

Ntau ceeb tshaj, tsis lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv Soviet Russia, cov neeg tsis tau hnov txog npaj kho ntawm Wrangel. Rau lawv, nws yog - ib txwm tsuas yog tus "dub Baron", uas aims rov qab rau cov "muaj koob muaj npe zwm txwv".

Yog, General, thiab ua tsis muaj daim card ntawm nws pab koj tu siab. Yog politically saj zawg zog, ntse, nws yog nyob rau hauv nws qhov kev pab cuam rau qhov no yog tsis hais txog. Thiab twv yuav raug hu kuv tsis hais tias, hmoov tsis, nws tsis ua cas.

mus txawv teb chaws

Tag nrho ntawm lub neej Vrangelya Petra Nikolaevicha nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm nws yog tsis yooj yim sua los qhia rau. Tsuas yog ib tug lub sij hawm ntawm nws nyob txawv teb chaws, koj yuav tau muab ntim.

Nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 1920, lub Red Army tsoo mus txog rau lub Crimea. Thiab nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, General Wrangel dua nws tus kheej zoo kawg nkaus. Nws muaj kev tswj kom npaj qhov kev khiav tawm ntawm dawb Army thiab civilians txawv teb chaws uas mess, chaos tsis yog. Tau txais kev pab tag nrho cov uas xav. Wrangell yog tus saib xyuas thaum nyob rau hauv lub destroyer caij ports.

Nws yog ib qho yooj yim feat. Nws - on rog tsuas yog ib Wrangel. Tom qab cov kev tau coj los ntawm Crimea (nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 1920), raws li muaj ntau yam raws li 132 ships loaded rau cov kev txwv! Lawv caij nkoj tawg rog - 145 txhiab 693 cov neeg, raws li zoo raws li lub nkoj coob.

Sab laug thiab cov organizer. Muaj, tam sim ntawd ntawm lub tsev, nws nrhiav tau lub Lavxias teb sab tub rog Union (1924), uas yog npaj txhij rau ntawm txhua lub sij hawm mus rau hauv lub armed nriaj tiv thaiv Bolshevism. Thiab nws muaj peev xwm ua rau nws. Lub caj qaum ntawm tag nrho cov nyob qub tub ceev xwm. Uas yog lub feem ntau heev heev thiab haib tshaj lub koom haum beloemigrantov. Sau npe sawv tshaj ib puas txhiab tus mej zeej.

Lub Bolsheviks reacted kom lawv nrog zoo ceev faj. Nws yog tsis muaj kev huam yuaj ntau cov thawj coj yog kidnapped, los yog tua lub Soviet daim card cov kev pab.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg 1927, cov Baron, uas npau suav ntawm cov kua zaub ntsuab, yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm ib tug loj tsev neeg. Yuav kom pub. Los ntawm Constantinople ua ke nrog nws tsev neeg nws tau tsiv mus rau Brussels. Raws li ib tug engineer pom ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib lub tuam txhab.

Nyob rau hauv battlefield

Txhua txhua hnub tub rog lub neej txhua hnub, uas ua rau ua tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, nws yog heev siab tawv. Ib leeg dab neeg uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua ntej, uas yog tsim nyog. Lub commander ntawm ib tug squadron ntawm cavalry yog, raws li ib txwm, bold thiab swift. Nyob rau hauv ib qhov chaw tam sim no tus tauj ncov loj ntawm lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam, Wrangell, tau kev tso cai mus tua tus yeeb ncuab lub roj teeb, cov nres nqa tawm sai li sai tau. Thiab seized ob phom. Thiab ib tug ntawm lawv muaj kev tswj kom coj tus kawg txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv. Nws tua tus nees uas zaum lub commander ...

Thaum nyob rau hauv Constantinople, Vrangel Petr Nikolaevich nyob rau hauv ib lub yacht. Muaj ib hnub nws rammed. Nws yog tus Italian nkoj, tab sis mus tawm ntawm peb Batumi. Yahtochka sunk ob lub qhov muag. Tsis muaj leej twg lub Wrangel tsev neeg nyob rau hauv lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib yog tsis muaj. A peb coob cov tswv cuab raug tua. Coj txawv txawv tshwm sim ntawm qhov teeb meem tsa suspicions ntawm txhob txwm sib tsoo nrog ib tug yacht. Lawv paub tseeb hais tias niaj hnub no soj ntsuam Soviet daim card cov kev pab ua hauj lwm. Qhov no muab kev koom tes Olga Golubovska, neeg txawv teb chaws thiab ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Soviet cov tub ceev xwm.

Thiab ib tug ntau tseeb. Cia li rau lub hlis tom qab koj mus txog hauv Brussels, Peter N. poob nthav tuag (los ntawm tus kab mob ntsws kab mob). Txawm li cas los, tsev neeg pom tias nws tus tij laug tau taug tus tub qhe uas tau txuas mus rau lub Baron. Nws, dhau lawm, yog nyob rau hauv lub NKVD neeg sawv cev. Qhov no version yog tam sim no paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm lwm qhov chaw.

Tsaus ntuj nti rau lub neej! Nthuav hmoo. Muaj ib phau ntawv, cov foreword uas twb sau los ntawm cov kws ntawv Nikolai Starikov - "Memoirs ntawm Petra Nikolaevicha Vrangelya." Nws yog ib nqi kev nyeem ntawv. Nws ua rau yus sib sib zog nqus thiaj.