Fonvizina ua hauj lwm: daim ntawv teev cov hauj lwm

Yuav ua li cas ua hauj lwm Fonvizin paub yuav niaj hnub nyeem ntawv? Ntawm cov hoob kawm, "Oaf." Tom qab tag nrho, comedy yog ib feem ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias tus cwj mem ntawm Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv mus rau ib qho tseem ceeb cov khoom, translations ntawm txawv teb chaws sau phau ntawv. Txawm li cas los, tej hauj lwm ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab satirical sau ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ruam tsev neeg Prost ua hauj lwm Fonvizin tsis limited.

Yuav ua li cas lwm tus sau tus creator ntawm domestic comedy? Thiab yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv nws xyoo tom ntej rau tus sau, "ignoramus" yog yooj yim mus rau luam tawm lawv tsim yaam tshab?

Lavxias teb sab sau ntawm txawv teb chaws keeb kwm

Tus kws sau ntawv nyob thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm Catherine. Fonvizina ua hauj lwm yuav tsis tau tsim yog ib tug ntawm cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm comedy tsis tau txais ib tug nyob hauv Lavxias teb sab kev poob cev qhev. Lub creator ntawm xws cim raws li Prostakov Starodum thiab Mitrofanushka muaj txawv teb chaws lub hauv paus pib, tiam sis, yog tus tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab ntawm tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua. Tsawg kawg raws li npaum li cas txog nws Pushkin hais tias.

translation kev ua ub no

Tus kws sau ntawv yog nyob rau hauv high school, ces kuv los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Philosophy. Fonvizina tej hauj lwm sawv cev rau lub pinnacle ntawm theatrical kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua. Txawm li cas los, ua ntej koj tau paub, ib tug txawj sau ntawv tau ntau xyoo poring tshaj cov translations uas nto moo txawv teb chaws thiab txawm ancient playwrights. Thiab tsuas muaj kev paub, nws pib sau ntawv thawj compositions.

Literary translation protagonist ntawm no tsab xov xwm pib ntawd. Thaum ib tug ntawm cov St. Petersburg booksellers hnov ntawm nws zoo heev paub txog lwm hom lus. Ua lag luam caw tus tub hluas txhais lus rau hauv Lavxias teb sab tej hauj lwm ntawm Ludvig Holberg. Denis Fonvizin coped nrog neeg ua hauj lwm. Ces poob cia ib tug ntau ntawm cov muaj los ntawm publishers.

txawj ua hauj lwm

Thaum nws pib tshwm thawj tej hauj lwm Fonvizin? Daim ntawv ntawm nws tej hauj lwm yog me me. Hauv qab no yog ib daim ntawv teev ua txoj hauj lwm thiab ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv nom tswv lub ntsiab. Tiam sis ua ntej ib tug ob peb lo lus yuav tsum tau hais txog lub worldview ntawm tus sau.

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe nws yog nyob rau hauv zam kev kawm kev xav, ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm uas yog Voltaire. Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv zoo siab txhais tej hauj lwm ntawm lub Fabkis satirist. Lom zem, uas txawv Fonvizina ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub classical style, tej zaum, yog tus feature, uas yog los ntawm Voltaire lub creativity. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo thaum cov txawj sau ntawv tau mus xyuas lub Freethinkers yam tshwj xeeb pab pawg, comedy twb xub tsim.

"Foreman"

Literary kev tshawb fawb pab Fonvizin nce tus ntaiv nyob rau hauv nws cov hluas, tab sis muaj ib tug disastrous ntxim rau cov txawj sau ntawv creativity nyob rau hauv cov laus hnub nyoog. Neeg txhais lus aviary qee tseem ceeb lub Empress. Ib qho kev vam meej enjoyed comedy "Brigadier".

publicism

Nyob rau hauv 1769, tus kws ntawv nkag mus hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm Count Panin, uas sim hawm caij nyoog nws mus rau sau ib tug nom tswv treatise. Lub npe ntawm txoj hauj lwm no yog tag nrho raws li lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv uas tus sau nyob, "Discourse rau muaj puas ib daim ntawv ntawm tsoom fwv ntawm lub xeev thiab ntawm lub xeev zyblemom faj tim teb chaws thiab sovereigns."

Nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm Catherine tus educated tib neeg hais lawv tus kheej tsis tshua muaj neeg flowery, txawm lub empress nws tus kheej, uas, incidentally, tsis nyiam ua hauj lwm. Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm, tus sau los cem thiab Catherine, thiab nws favorites, xav tau kev cai kho. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, txawm dared hem ib tug coup.

Nyob rau hauv Paris

Ntau tshaj ob xyoos siv nyob rau hauv Fabkis Fonvizin. Los yeej muaj, nws yog ib tug tsis tu ncua xov xwm nrog Panin thiab lwm yam zoo li-minded neeg. Social thiab kev teeb meem yog cov ua kom pom tseeb ntawm ob tug tsiaj ntawv thiab sau tseg. Journalistic ua hauj lwm Fonvizin, daim ntawv teev cov uas yog me ntsis paub contemporaries, dua li cov tsis tuaj kawm ntawv ntawm nruj censorship nyob rau hauv cov xyoo twb soaked nqhis dej rau kev hloov, reformist ntsuj plig.

nom tswv views

Tom qab ib tug mus ntsib mus rau Fabkis, Denis Fonvizin sau tus tshiab "lus sib cav". Lub sij hawm no, lawv twb mob siab rau lub xeev txoj cai. Nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm cov neeg sau tsa cov nqe lus nug ntawm serfdom. Ntxias ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom puas nws, nws tseem nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub "Pugachev" thiab thiaj li npaj kom tshem tau ntawm serfdom mob pesnrab maj mam.

Fonvizin twb koom nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv ua hauj lwm kom txog thaum nws tuag. Tab sis vim yog lub disapproval ntawm lub Empress nws yog tsis mus luam tawm nws sau tej hauj lwm. Thaum kawg, nws yog tsim nyog hais txog tej hauj lwm Fonvizin.

daim ntawv teev cov phau ntawv

1. "Foreman".
2. "Oaf."
3. "Nqe lus hais txog lub indispensable lub xeev txoj cai."
4. "Qhov kev xaiv ntawm ib tug pab qhia."
5. "Sib tham ntawm Princess Haldin."
6. "Confession."
7. "Korionov."

"Confession," cov txawj sau ntawv tau tsim, tau paub ntau nyob rau hauv lub xyoo. Qhov no ua hauj lwm yog ntawv. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los, cov kws ntawv Fonvizin mas sau cov khoom nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv Magazine. Nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, Fonvizin tuaj raws li ib tug txawj sau ntawv ntawm comedies nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem ntawm classicism. Yuav ua li cas yog no? Yuav ua li cas yog nws tus yam ntxwv?

tej hauj lwm Fonvizin

Classicism yog cov kev taw qhia, raws li cov ntsiab cai ntawm rationalism. Cov hauj lwm qhia txog cov kev sib raug zoo ntawm txoj kev ntseeg thiab nruj me ntsis complied nrog poetic normativity. Cov heroes ntawm lub comedy "Lub Me" raug muab faib ua zoo thiab tsis zoo. Contradictory dluab yog tsis nyob ntawm no. Thiab nws kuj yog ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm classicism.

Yug li no los nyob rau hauv Fabkis. Lavxias teb sab classicism differed satirical orientation. Nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Fabkis playwrights nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw yog lub ancient lub ntsiab. Rau Lavxias teb sab classicism cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub teb chaws-keeb kwm motifs.

Lub ntsiab feature ntawm txaus ntshai ua hauj lwm ntawm lub xyoo pua - txoj kev sib sau ntawm lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw. Txheej xwm "Oaf" tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tsev Prost tsev neeg. Tag nrho cov uas yog piav nyob rau hauv lub comedy, yog accomplished hauv nees nkaum plaub teev. Fonvizin muab tej txiaj ntsim nws cim hais cov npe. Skotinin npau suav ntawm lub zos nyob qhov twg ib tug ntau ntawm npua grazing. Vralman pretends enlighten Mitrofanushka, thaum qhia ignoramus nyob rau hauv ib tug txawm ntau txaus ntshai ignorance.

Lub comedy yog cuam tshuam kev kawm ntawv lub ntsiab. Educational xav tau muaj ib tug tseem ceeb feem rau tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm Fonvizin. Tus kws sau ntawv xav hloov cov nom tswv system. Tab sis kuv ntseeg tau hais tias tsis muaj kev kawm ntawv, cov kev hloov yuav ua rau revolt, "Pugachev" los yog lwm yam tsis zoo kev sib raug zoo thiab kev nom kev tswv rau txim.