Edvard Lir: lub paj huam ntawm lub absurd

Edvard Lir (1812 - 1888) - kev kawm lus Askiv artist, tshuab raj thiab kws sau paj lug, uas txuas ntxiv qhov hnub nyoog-laus English pej xeem kev lig kev cai los tsim luv luv "meaningless" kwv huam.

Luv luv cov ntsiab lus ntawm thaum yau thiab thaum tiav hluas

Hloov pob qhov rooj tsev neeg yog loj, kuv muaj peev xwm txawm hais loj loj. Edvard Lir yog tus yau tshaj. Nyob rau hauv lub plaub lub xyoos nws coj mus rau nws tus muam Anne, uas yog nees-nkaum ib xyoo laus dua nws. Anne los ua ib tug leej niam mus rau nws thiab nyob nrog nws kom txog thaum nws tuag, thaum nws yog 50 xyoo. Los ntawm boyhood nws yuav tsum tau khwv tau lawv khob cij. Nws kos thawj cov cim qhia thiab tshaj tawm, thiab ces pib ua illustrations rau Zoological phau ntawv. Nws pleev xim rau countless cov tsiaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib tug ntau ntawm nws muaj tag nrho cov hom ntawm parrots. Lear tau ua ib tug heev loj ornithological draftsman. Tus thawj ntawv ntawm nws watercolors nrog parrots tuaj tawm, thaum lub artist yog 19 xyoo.

Lub qub txeeg qub tes Knowsley Hall

Lub Earl ntawm Derby muaj nyob rau hauv nws qub txeeg qub tes ib tug loj menagerie. Nws hlub cov nquag muaj lub tswv yim mus rau luam tawm ib phau ntawv hais txog nws. Nyob rau ntawm 21, Edvard Lir raug caw mus ua drawings ntawm cov tsiaj, thiab muaj sab nws txuj ci, uas muaj pov thawj los ua ib tug tsiab peb caug rau tag nrho cov me nyuam uas nyob puag ncig nws. Nws kos duab rau lawv, uas twb nrog funny kwv huam impromptu.

cov kws kho mob 'tswv yim

Plaub lub xyoos siv Edvard Lir nyob rau hauv lub Earl, tab sis nws noj qab haus huv yog cov neeg pluag. nws yog ib tug txiv neej ntawm ilv thiab lub cev tsis kho. Nws tau tsis muaj zog lub ntsws, ntsws thiab mob hawb pob yog lossi ntxhov, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qaug dab peg. Nws qaug dab peg nws tau kawm rau xav tias yuav thiab yeej ib txwm tshem tawm.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tau bouts ntawm kev nyuaj siab. Noj ua ke, tab sis tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub teeb, coj cov kws kho mob ntseeg tau hais tias lub caij ntuj no 1847- 1848 xyoo yuav kawg, yog hais tias nws tsis tawm hais rau nws. Qhov ntawd yog Evard Lear tshuav nws cov haiv neeg teb chaws thiab tsiv mus rau ib tug rhaub qhov chaw, los yog es, nyob rau hauv ltalis.

Ltalis thiab lwm lub teb chaws

Nyob rau hauv no sov lub teb chaws, nws pib mus rau xim hauj lwm. Edward muag nws drawings thiab watercolors thiab cov tib neeg, thiab tshaj tawm, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov hnub lub paj nyob rau hauv nyob deb pawg neeg thaj av yog zoo, thiab cov duab tsis muaj. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm yog illustrated mus txawv tebchaws phau ntawv.

Txawm tias tag nrho nws muaj mob, nws yog ib tug avid traveler. Cov artist mus rau tag nrho cov Mediterranean, tag nrho cov tuaj ntawm lub Aegean, tim Nkij teb chaws, Ltalis, Palestine, yog nyob rau Mount Athos, nyob rau hauv Iyi tebchaws. Nws txawm mus txog Is Nrias teb thiab Ceylon.

Thiab qhov txhia chaw Lear coj ib tug enormous nqi ntawm drawings thiab luam tawm phau ntawv. Nyob rau hauv 1846, nws tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv ob tagnrho, illustrated lus los ntawm ltalis. Nws yog ces 34 xyoo. Thiab nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws luam tawm nws thawj phau ntawv ntawm nonsense. Nws yog zoo li ib tug tsawg phau ntawv hais tias nws tsis yog txawm nyob rau hauv lub British Library. Nws yog hu ua, twb nyeem tawm, ces nws yog ib tug kawm tau zoo. Thiab nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nws ua xav nyob rau hauv tus poj huab tais ntawm ces. Nws nug Edward Lear qhia nws mus rau kos. 12 Thiab nws tau muab zaj lus qhia tus poj huab tais, uas yog tseem hluas: txawm kaum xyoo tsis tau rau lub zwm txwv (nce lub zwm txwv nyob rau hauv 1837). Kws txawj hais tias tom qab ua si nrog nws drawings Lear zoo tuaj.

Nws yeej ib txwm khaws cia lub siab xav pleev xim. Nws txawm taw qhia ib zaj paj huam los ntawm Tennyson.

limericks

Yuav ua li cas yog lawv? Yuav ua li cas los ua ib tug zaj paj huam los ntawm Edward Lear? Limericks nws twb tsis invented nws tus kheej. Nws yog ib tug laus English kev lig kev cai. Qhov no yog ib qho ancient daim ntawv no, uas hnub rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua 16th ditty. Lawv tsis tsuas hu, tab sis lawv seev cev nyob rau hauv Shakespearean lub sij hawm, thiab tom qab ntawd. Cov ntawv luam muag thaum fairs thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev, feem ntau nrog sau ntawv. Limerick muaj tsib kab. Ob tug ntev thiab ob luv luv, thiab dua xeem ntev. Cov zajlus yog hais tias nws:

• Yam. Cov txiv neej laus laus los ntawm lub "H".
• Action. Uas nws tsoo tawm, tus txiv neej laus.
• Qhov yuav tshwm. Yuav ua li cas nws hais rau tias, hais tias nws yog hais tias los yog dab tsi yog ua rau nws.

"Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Nepal." Cov thawj ob kab lus piav nyob rau hauv tub huabtais sailing nkoj. Qhov kev txiav txim muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias nws poob tawm hauv lub nkoj. Thiab lub qhov zoo thiab qhov xaus yog yooj yim - nws poob, nws twb ploj mus. Qhov no yog cov lus teb ntawm lub embassy. Txhua twb nrog los ntawm ib tug nraaj qauv Limerick sau.

Tab sis lub "laus txiv neej nyob rau ciam teb," uas deftly nrog ib tug miv dancing thiab haus tshuaj yej tawm ntawm ib lub kaus mom. Rov qab qhia dua nws ua rau tsis muaj kev txiav txim zoo. Ib tug daim duab mus rau nws tau los ua ib tug classic, raws li zoo raws li tag nrho cov legacy ntawm Lira.

Yuav ua li cas cim povhaum Limerick?

Limerick hero yuav ua ruam thiab lossi ua nws, tab sis nws yuav ib tug zaj lus sib dhos thiab cov kev cai ntawm qhov kev ua si uas coj tshaj. Yuav ua li cas ib tug ua yeeb yam yuav mus nyob rau, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv cov Limerick?

Muaj, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub qub tus txiv neej uas ua tej yam ntawm absurd, muaj cov tseem meej pem thiab sober neeg nyob ib ncig, uas, raws li ib tug txoj cai, tsis nyiam dab tsi nws yog ua dab tsi. Lawv ostracized, ces muab pov tseg tawm ntawm lawv lub zos, thiab thuam nws txawm cia li ib phaus.

Qhov no twb zoo heev sau Oldos Haksli: nws yog hais txog lawv, hais txog lwm tus, raug xa mus rau nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tsis muaj dab tsi ceeb nyob rau hauv lawv ua tsis tau, raws cai, tab sis yog nyob deb deb. Lawm, lawv xav tsis thoob hais tias maketh tus txiv neej laus. Cov neeg nug cov lus nug uas tej zaum yuav zoo li tawm ntawm qhov chaw. Yeej tseem zoo, Limerick sawv cev rau ib yam dab tsi lwm tus tshaj qhov nyob mus ib txhis sib ntaus sib tua lub sijhawm uas nws ntse heev los yog eccentric nrog cov txheeb ze thiab lwm tus neeg. Hais tias yog dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Limerick ua tau.

Ntawm no yog ib tug self-portrait ntawm Lira nrog tus tsis paub, uas hais tias tsis muaj Lear tsis muaj nyob. Edvard Lir qhia tau hais tias nws lub hauv ob sab phlu ntawm nws lub kaus mom nrog lub npe.

Edvard Lir: creativity

Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, nws tau sau ib tug ntau ntawm limericks Edvard Lir. Nws cov phau ntawv kuj muaj xws li hu nkauj thiab ballads. Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm nws ballads thiab Limerick nyob rau tib lub sij hawm. Nws hu ua "lub rooj thiab ib lub rooj zaum." Pab nws raws li ib tug ntawv tseeb, tab sis khaws cia zaj lus sib dhos.

Laus lub rooj zaum rooj hais tias: "Kuv nkees nkees ntawm sawv nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum, nkees ntawm lub neej xauv tu siab cov xov xwm. Tsw tsw ntxhiab li lub caij ntuj sov nraum zoov, khiav mus nrog koj ua ke: lub boulevards poshurshat, ib tug ua tsis taus pa ntawm huab cua ntshiab. " Lub luag hauj lwm lub rooj zaum: "Kuv xav, kuv tus phooj ywg, koj thiab kuv mus, tab sis kuv tsis tau mus whale, ntawm no kuv sawv kuv paub yuav ua li cas." "Tsis muaj dab tsi," - said lub rooj zaum - "Kuv yuav tseem venture, vim hais tias tsis yog rau ib yam dab tsi uas peb yog cov ob txhais ceg, muaj zog thiab slender." Qhov ntawd yog ib qho txujci! Ntawm no yog ib tug surprise: ib lub rooj thiab lub rooj zaum mus down thiab hobbled kab, hesitantly thaum xub thawj. Thiab ces frolic, frolicked yav dhau los khw thiab lub koom txoos caij nrog tag nrho cov ceev, raws li tus nees, gallop gallop yog. Tab sis dhau tus dej, tus choj pib xav hais tias tom qab. Zoo tsev cev qhuav dej, kom deb li deb, tsis paub hais tias txoj kev! "Os, os, kuv tug phooj ywg zoo, tus nas nyob rau hauv cov nyom thiab cov dub kab, nkag mus rau qhov ncaj kev, yuav siv sij hawm peb lub tsev." Os tus nas thiab kab coj lawv ncaj nraim rau lub tsev nyob qhov twg lawv tos rau noj su. Lawv tau ua scrambled, thiab zoo-noj plab hu nkauj zaj nkauj thiab ncuav tso dag doupadu seev cev os sib yuav qhov teeb meem.

Nyob rau hauv cov lus no zoo nkauj tsis xav tau.

musicality Lira

Edvard Lir yog ib tug zoo tshuab raj. Nws twb hlub, nws yeej ib txwm nyob ib tug ntau ntawm cov phooj ywg. Nws zaum yuav piano (los ntawm txoj kev, tsis muaj ib tug tau qhia, kawm Lear nws tus kheej) thiab pib mus ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm zaj nkauj, xws li Alfreda Tennisona kwv huam, nto moo tshaj plaws kws sau paj lug ntawm lub sij hawm. Thiab nws Tennyson, tus txiv neej es siab tsis zoo thiab tu siab heev, txais tau hais tias ntawm tag nrho cov suab paj nruas npaj ntawm nws cov kwv huam, nws muaj peev xwm hnov xwb songs Lira, txhua tsav txhua yam yog tsis zoo.

Qhov kawg ntawm lub neej ntawm Lear nws nyob rau hauv ib lub villa nyob rau hauv San Remo. Nws yeej tsis tau sib yuav, nyob lub neej bachelor. Edward tuag muaj, thiab muaj, nyob rau hauv San Remo, yog faus. Ib tug lub neej ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab mus ncig teb chaws, nyob rau Edvard Lir. Biography nyob rau hauv peb kev nthuav qhia yog tshaj.