Crimean, los yog sab hnub tuaj, ua tsov ua rog

Lub kaum hli ntuj 16, 1853 Lavxias teb sab tsov rog twb tshaj tawm hais tias nyob rau ib feem ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv. Nyob rau hauv domestic historiography nws nkag mus hauv raws li lub Crimea, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob yog lub npe hu ua lub Eastern ua tsov ua rog.

Mas ntawm hostilities

Twb tau nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub kaum ib hlis lub Lavxias teb sab squadron nyob rau hauv Sinop Bay ntse puas lawm ib tug tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm lub Turkish Naval Rog. Kaum tsib Turkish ships, raws li zoo raws li undermined artillery nqaum roj teeb twb tawg. Seb East tsov rog xwb ib tug ob sab sib dho tej teeb meem ntawm Russia thiab Qaib Cov Txwv, tus khiav yuav cuab kev. Txawm li cas los, lub Ottoman Porte muaj formidable phoojywg - Fabkis thiab hais. Xeem, Yog hais tias koj tham ncaj, muaj lawv tus kheej views rau lub Turkish chaw uas zoo heev, raws li lub teb chaws yog nce ua ib tug nyob semi-colony ntawm tus poj xeev ntawm Western teb chaws Europe. Lub tshua los ntawm cov phoojywg tsis tau tos ntev. Raws li thaum ntxov raws li lub Kaum Ob Hlis ntawm lub xyoo no, lub Franco-British squadron yog tawm ntawm lub ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Crimea thiab Eastern ua tsov ua rog nkag mus hauv nws cov active theem. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov phooj ywg rog yog ze li ntawm cuaj caum ships nqa lub advanced technology ntawm lub sij hawm. England, ua raws li los ntawm Fabkis yog cov thawj nyob sab Europe lub teb chaws tawm los ntawm lub kiv puag ncig industrial, uas tsis tau hais tias ntawm lub detainees nyob rau hauv lub feudal era ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li tsis mus qhia rau cov phooj ywg ships mus tsaws troops nyob rau hauv Sevastopol, nyob rau hauv lub Bay ntawm lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1854, xya ships tau sunk, qhov seem uas twb tsis tau tso cai rau kaw mus rau txoj kev ntug dej. Nws pib ib tug ntev siege ntawm lub nroog, uas tau ua lub ntsiab kev tshwm sim ntawm kev tsov rog. Lub nroog twb npaum li cas nyob rau tus nqi ntawm tseem ceeb losses nyob rau ob sab tsuas yog rau cov kaum ob hlis ntawm siege, nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1855.

Qhov thib ob theem ntawm kev sib tua

Txawm li cas los, tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Sevastopol East tsov rog nws twb tsis tau ua kom tiav. Ib tug ntxiv kwv uas qhov Anglo-Fabkis contingent yog lub nroog ntawm Nikolaev, thaum lub sij hawm lub qub ntsiab hauv paus ntawm lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet, nws qhov chaw nkaum thiab lub concentration ntawm shipbuilding factories, warehouses thiab artillery thoob plaws hauv lub saib xyuas vaj tse yog ib feem. Cia Nikolaev yuav txhais li cas zoo tag tsi ntawm Russia ib lub sij hawm los hais tw ntawm lub hiav txwv thiab, feem ntau ntawm tag nrho cov, cov poob tag nrho cov kev nkag mus rau Dub hiav txwv tub tiv thaiv. Twb tau nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1855 nyob ib ncig ntawm lub nroog pib hasty kev siv ntawm defensive tiv thaiv. Kuv tuaj txog ntawm lub scene huab tais Alexander II (los ntawm txoj kev, tuaj mus rau lub rooj huas tias cia li ua ntej, txawm thaum lub sij hawm cov cai ntawm qhov tsov rog). Nikolaev tuaj koom lub siege. Sim noj cov tshuaj no outpost twb pom los ntawm cov British thiab Fabkis squadrons nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1855. Nws twb wiped tawm Kinburn fortress Ochakov npaum li cas thiab Dnieper-Kab laum estuary. Txawm li cas los, tus ua ntej ntawm tus yeeb ncuab raug nres nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam Voloska nto qaub ncaug haib volleys ntawm artillery. Eastern Crimean ua tsov ua rog tsiv mus rau ib theem ntawm stagnation.

Kos npe rau ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab nws tau

Tom qab lengthy kev sib khom lus, kev thaj yeeb treaty tau kos npe nyob rau hauv Paris. Nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub kev vam meej tiv thaiv ntawm Nikolaev, Eastern ua tsov ua rog ntawm 1853-1856 twb miserably poob. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev thaj yeeb Accords thiab Russia, thiab Qaib Cov Txwv nws tau raug txwv nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv fleet, raws li zoo raws li txwv tsis pub cov tsev lag luam ntawm ib tug tub rog hiav txwv los luj rau ntawm lub ntug dej hiav txwv. Cov Dub hiav txwv tau tshaj tawm hais tias ib tug nruab nrab thiab qhib mus rau lub lag luam ships ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg, uas yog, ntawm chav kawm, zoo rau Western trading tuam txhab uas muag tau pom mus nrhiav tau tshiab ciaj uas muag. Lub Crimean ua tsov ua rog tsom lub tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm lub faj tim teb chaws militarily thiab kev lag kev luam. Kom meej meej nws tuaj mus rau lub teeb lub ceev yuav tsum tau rau cov loj-scale kho nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Ib tug ncaj qhov tsim nyog tau ntawm no yeej yog tus abolition ntawm serfdom thiab lwm yam socio-economic kho ntawm lub 1860s.