Cov tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej-induction - mob thiab cov kev pab

Lub sij hawm induction txhais tau hais tias tshwm nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub kaw hluav taws xob Circuit Court thaum nws yog muab tso nyob rau hauv ib tug hloov magnetic flux. Qhib electromagnetic induction tsuas yog ib ob puas xyoo dhau los los ntawm Michael Faraday. Zoo ua ntej nws yuav ua Andre Ampere, uas ua zoo xws li cov thwmsim. Nws yog tso rau hauv lub kauj hlau pas nrig thiab ces, tus ntawd yog hmoov phem, mus rau hauv lwm chav tsev mus saib cov galvanometer - thiab mam li nco dheev nws stirs. A koob kom ua nws cov hauj lwm - tau muab tso tseg, tab sis, thaum Ampere yuam kev los ntawm lub chav - rov qab mus rau zero. Qhov no yog yuav ua li cas lub phenomenon ntawm nws tus kheej-ntxias tos rau lwm teb xyoo kom txog thaum lub kauj chav tsev thiab ib tug tshawb nyob rau hauv tib lub sij hawm yuav nyob rau hauv txoj cai qhov chaw.

Lub ntsiab point ntawm no xyaum ua tej yam yog tias tus induction EMF tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum magnetic teb dua los ntawm cov voj kaw hloov. Tab sis koj muaj peev xwm hloov raws li koj nyiam - los yog hloov tau tus nqi ntawm lub magnetic teb, los yog tsuas yog tsiv mus nyob rau qhov chaw ntawm lub teb txheeb ze mus rau tib lub voj kaw. Emf uas tshwm sim ntawm no, hu ua "EMF kev sib nrig sib." Tab sis hais tias yog tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm lub discoveries nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm induction. Txawm ntau ceeb yog lub phenomenon ntawm nws tus kheej-induction, uas yog qhib los Dzhozef Genri nyob txog lub tib lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv nws thwmsim, nws twb pom hais tias cov magnetic teb ntawm lub kauj yog tsis tsuas mus rau induce ib tug tam sim no nyob rau hauv lwm kauj, tab sis thaum lub tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub kauj induces nyob rau hauv nws lub ntxiv EMF. Ntawm no nws cia li hu ua nws tus kheej hob EMF. Cov hluav taws xob phenomena zoo txaus siab yog cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov tam sim no. Nws muab tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nws tus kheej-ntxias EMF nws tam sim no yog hais tawm tsam nws "niam txiv" - tam sim no tshwm sim los ntawm lub ntsiab EMF.

Thiab koj muaj peev xwm soj ntsuam cov phenomenon ntawm nws tus kheej-induction? Raws li cov lus hais tias mus, muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi yooj yim. Dhos ob circuits: thawj - li qhia siv kuj muaj inductor thiab teeb, thiab lub thib ob - tsuas yog lub teeb. Txuas lawv mus rau lub roj teeb ntawm lub ntsiab hloov. Thaum enabled, koj yuav pom tias lub teeb qhov muag teev nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court nrog lub kauj puv "reluctantly" thiab lub thib ob lub teeb, sai "nyob rau hauv sawv", puv instantly. Yuav ua li cas yog yuav mus rau? Nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si circuits tom qab tam sim no pib ntws, thiab nws mas nws txawv ntawm xoom kom nws tshaj plaws, thiab raws li lub sij hawm ntawm kev hloov ntawm tam sim no thiab waits rau cov kauj uas generates nws tus kheej-induction electromotive quab yuam. Muaj EMF thiab kaw Circuit Court - txhais tau hais tias yog thiab nws tam sim no, tab sis qhia nws opposite lub ntsiab tam sim no Circuit Court, uas nws thiaj li nce mus txog lub nqi siab tshaj plaws txiav txim los ntawm lub Circuit Court tsis, thiab tsis txhob loj hlob, thiab yog hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj tam sim no hloov - tsis muaj self-ntxias EMF. Nws yog qhov yooj yim. Zoo ib yam li, tab sis nrog cov "caij nyoog opposite", pom thaum koj tig tawm tam sim no. Yeej muaj tseeb rau nws "phem cwj pwm" dab muaj kev hloov nyob rau hauv tam sim no, nws tus kheej hob EMF koom tes nws khiav nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court tom qab fais fab yog muab tua.

Tam sim ntawd muaj ib tug lo lus nug - dab tsi yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej-induction? Nws tau raug pom tias nws tus kheej-induction electromotive quab yuam muaj feem xyuam rau tus nqi ntawm tam sim no hloov nyob rau hauv tus neeg xyuas pib thiab yuav tau sau ntawv:

E = L • di / dt

Qhov no qhia tau hais tias nws tus kheej-induction electromotive quab yuam E yog ncaj qha xwm yeem mus rau tus nqi ntawm kev hloov di / dt thiab tam sim no proportional coefficient L, lub hais inductance. Rau nws pab mus rau txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov nqe lus nug, yog dab tsi tshwm sim ntawm nws tus kheej-induction, Dzhordzh Genri tau txais koob hmoov los ntawm lub fact tias nws lub npe yog ib chav tsev ntawm kev ntsuas ntawm inductance - Henry (H). Hais tias inductance tam sim no txaus Circuit Court txiav txim seb tus phenomenon ntawm nws tus kheej-induction. Ib tug yuav xav txog tej yam uas cov inductance - yog ib yam ntawm cov "cia" ntawm magnetic zog. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ua tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court qhov hluav taws xob lub zog yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv magnetic tam sim no qeeb txoj kev loj hlob, thiab thaum twg lub tam sim no ntawm lub kauj sib nqus zog yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv hluav taws xob lub zog thiab koom tes rau tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub Circuit Court.

Tej zaum, txhua leej txhua tus yuav tsum tau mus ntsib ib tug neeg txim thaum koj tig tua lub plug los ntawm cov phab ntsa socket - qhov no yog lub feem ntau ntau daim ntawv ntawm manifestation ntawm nws tus kheej-ntxias EMF nyob rau hauv lub neej tiag tiag. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub qhib ib tug tshaj plaws tam sim no ntawm 10-20 A thiab qhib lub sij hawm ntawm hais txog 20 msec. Thaum lub inductance ntawm txog 1 GN self-ntxias EMF nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no yuav tsum tau sib npaug zos rau 500 W. Nws yuav zoo li uas cov nqe lus nug, yog dab tsi yog nws tus kheej-induction phenomenon yog tsis yog li ntawd tham. Thiab nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws tus kheej hob EMF yog ib tug zoo kev sib tw. Kab hauv qab no tias thaum ib tug qhib Circuit Court thaum cov neeg yog tsis muaj lawm, cov kev pab txhawb nws tus kheej-inductance tam sim no txaus, uas ua rau yus hlawv ntawm hu, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm switching Circuit Court nrog lub ntxhee nyob rau hauv cov pua pua thiab txawm txhiab ntawm amperes. Ntawm no peb yuav tham txog feem ntau yog nws tus kheej-ntxias EMF nyob rau hauv lub kaum ntawm txhiab ntawm volts, thiab qhov no yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov ntsiab rau cov teeb meem txog hais txog surges nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob circuits.

Tab sis tsis yog txhua txhua uas phem. Nws tshwm sim hais tias qhov no teeb meem EMF heev pab tau, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib tug nrog combustion engine ignition systems. Xws li ib tug system muaj ib tug inductor nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug autotransformer thiab chopper. Nws yog dhau los ntawm cov thawj winding tam sim no, uas puv tawm ib tug chopper. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib tug qhib Circuit Court tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej-induction EMF pua pua ntawm volts (lub roj teeb yuav muab tag nrho cov 12b). Ces tus voltage yog ntxiv hloov, thiab muaj ib tug mem tes ntau dua 10 kV rau txim ignition.