Cov hallmarks ntawm Russia. Great Russia. cov neeg ntawm Russia

Pejxeem tsis yog txhua lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj ntau yam thiaj li yog vim li cas yuav tsum tau zoo siab rau lawv teb chaws, raws li cov neeg ntawm Russia. Lavxias teb sab Federation yog qhov loj tshaj plaws lub teb chaws los ntawm cheeb tsam nyob rau lub ntiaj teb, los ntawm peb cov khub pej xeem ntau ua luaj generals, sau ntawv, inventors. Fatherland History yog tej uas tseem ceeb hnub. Yog li ntawd, cia peb kawm saib, txuam rau Russia.

Pib qhov twg Russia

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, mus teb cov lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi thaum pib ntawm Russia? Raws li Legend, cov founders ntawm Rus peb cov kwv tij - Ryurik, sineus thiab truvor. Nws yog lawv leej twg muab lub hauv paus ntawm peb cov statehood nyob rau hauv Novgorod. Cov neeg saib xyuas ntawm tus tub Ryurika Igorya - tub huabtais Oleg - muaj peev xwm mus txuas rau lub cov khoom ntawm Kiev thiab ib co lwm yam nqi zog. Yog li ntawd, yog Kievan Rus. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, cov founding txiv ntawm peb lub xeev yuav tsum tau zoo siab rau.

Lub npe "Russia" officially cemented peb teb koj chaw Peter kuv, leej twg nrhiav tau ib tug faj tim teb chaws nrog nws capital nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg. Txij li thaum uas lub sij hawm, nws pib ib qho ntawm feem exciting sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Fatherland. Yog li ntawd, yog ib tug zoo Russia - ib qho ntawm feem haib xeev uas lub sij hawm. Cov me nyuam yug ntawm nws lub yeeb koob thiab lub hwj chim, peb yuav indebted rau Peter I.

Lavxias teb sab Federation chij

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, kev hais lus txog txuam rau Russia, tsis hais nws tus chij. Hais tias tus chij State yuav tsum muaj lub patriotic txoj kev xav ntawm cov pej xeem.

Yog li ntawd hais tias sawv cev rau Lavxias teb sab chij, thaum twg thiab yuav ua li cas nws originated? Niaj hnub nimno tus chij ntawm peb lub teb chaws - lub dawb-xiav-liab tricolor - twb tau muab siv txij thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua XVII, thawj raws li ib tug nkoj banner, thiab ces raws li ib tug banner ntawm cov Moscow tsar. Ib zaug ntxiv, nws siv yog txuam nrog lub npe ntawm tus tib Peter I. Tom qab ntawd, tricolor yog siv raws li tus chij ntawm Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Tom qab lub Bolsheviks tuaj rau lub hwj chim, nws twb hloov los ntawm ib tug liab daim ntaub. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1991, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union thiab tsim los ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation, lub tricolor los ua lub teb chaws tus chij dua. Nrog me kev hloov, txais nyob rau hauv 1993, nws yog tseem siv niaj hnub no.

Tam sim no rov qab mus rau cov lus nug hais txog tus chij ntawm Russia. Raws li cov heraldic kev lig kev cai, nws yog lam xav hais tias cov xim dawb lub cim nom tswv cajceg thiab txoj kev ywj pheej, xiav - loyalty, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib cov xim ntawm tus ntxhais nkauj xwb, liab - ua siab loj thiab muaj hwj chim.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, xws li ib tug chij tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txuam rau ntawm Lavxias teb sab pej xeem.

Tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab ntawm Russia

Lwm lub cim ntawm statehood yog lub emblem ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation. Lavxias teb sab neeg yeej txaus siab ntawm nws raws li ntau li ntau tus chij. Nws yog ib tug ob tug taws dav dawb hau rau nws lub hauv siab rau ib tug ntaub thaiv npog yog muab tso rau Georgiy Pobedonosets, ciav nab.

Nyob rau hauv ib tug dog dig daim ntawv hloov ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab twb siv raws li heraldry Byzantine Palaeologus dynasty. Ces, nyob rau hauv lub XV xyoo pua, tom qab lub capture ntawm Constantinople los ntawm lub Turks, nws pib siv Lavxias teb sab tub huabtais Ivan III raws li ib tug tus kheej lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab thiab lub cim ntawm muaj koob muaj npe lub hwj chim. Nws xam tau tias yog nws tus kheej, ua tsaug rau nws lub neej rau Sofe Paleolog, lub txais ntawm lub illustrious dynasty thiab Russia, ntsig txog, - lub txais ntawm Byzantium thiab cov Roman faj tim teb chaws.

Rau ntau centuries, ob-taws dav dawb hau lub cim ntawm lub nceeg vaj yuav unchanged Lavxias teb sab thiab lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws txog thaum tom qab lub Kaum Hli Ntuj kiv puag ncig twb tsis tau hloov los ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab hauv lub Soviet Union nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub voj voog nrog ib tug ntiaj teb thiab ib tug rauj thiab sickle nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, bordered pob ntseg ntawm cov nplej. Tab sis tom qab tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation, nyob rau hauv 1991, lub yav tas attribute dua los ua ib lub cim ntawm lub xeev. Thiab tam sim no lub ob tug taws dav dawb hau yog ib tug txuam rau Russia.

national anthem

Lavxias teb sab anthem muaj ib tug ntau luv luv keeb kwm tshaj lub sij hawm ntawm lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab thiab tus chij. Cuaj kaum, thaum thawj chords ntawm nws melodies muaj nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm tag nrho patriotic Russians.

Lub tune tau sau rov qab nyob rau hauv 1939 los ntawm cov composer Aleksandrom Aleksandrovym. Nws yog qhov tseeb hais tias tau ntau xyoo nws twb siv rau lub anthem ntawm lub Soviet Union. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union nyob rau hauv 1990 raws li ib tug Lavxias teb sab teb chaws anthem pib siv lub "patriotic tune" Glinka, sau nyob rau hauv lub Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1833-m. Tab sis cov lus rau zaj nkauj twb tsis sib phim. Thiab Russia tseem nyob lub teb chaws nrog lub anthem tsis muaj lo lus, thaum nyob rau hauv 2000, nyob rau hauv nws muaj peev xwm raws li tsoom fwv tsis rov qab ib suab paj nruag Alexandrova. Cov lus ntawm lub tshiab national anthem yog sau los ntawm Sergei Mikhalkov, uas, los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no yog tus sau ntawm lub Soviet Union, lub ntsiab song.

Txij li thaum uas lub sij hawm, txhua txhua Lavxias teb sab yog txaus siab lub rooj sib hais: "Russia - peb dawb huv xeev ...".

Moscow - lub peev ntawm Russia

Cov hallmarks ntawm Russia, tab sis nws capital! Tseeb, muaj yog rau cov uas yuav muaj kev no lawm. Moscow yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau zoo nkauj lub zos nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Thaum lub caij, cov pej xeem ntawm lub Moscow tsam tshaj 16 lab cov neeg, thaum cov pejxeem ntawm lub nroog - ntau tshaj 12 lab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, Moscow - ib tug loj lub ntiaj teb no ua lag ua luam center. Lub nroog muaj ib tug tsim muaj ntau lawm.

Moscow muaj ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no los ntawm qhov ntev ntawm subway kab. Lub nroog muaj ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm architectural thiab keeb kwm monuments. Kremlin, Liab Square, St. Basil lub Cathedral, Lenin lub Mausoleum, lub Novodevichy Convent - cia li ib tug me me daim ntawv teev cov feem ntau nto moo ntawm lawv.

Moscow muaj ib tug ntev thiab nthuav keeb kwm. Nws twb nrhiav tau los ntawm tub huabtais Vladimir, thiab ces Kiev - Yuri Dolgoruky - rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub zos ntawm disgraced nobleman pawg. Tus thawj pov thawj ntawm nws hnub rov qab mus rau 1147 .. Txij li thaum lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XIII xyoo pua Moscow - qhov chaw ntawm ib tug neeg sab nraud nqi zog, thiab los ntawm 1325 - nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub capital ntawm Russia. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv Peter kuv no raws li txoj cai rau 200 xyoo twb poob, raws li yog lub peev ntawm St. Petersburg. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1918, Moscow tau rov qab tau txais lub Honor ntawm yog hu ua lub nroog loj lub teb chaws. Capital ntawm peb lub teb chaws, lub zos no yog hnub no.

Kremlin

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cim uas Russia yog txuam ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb, yog lub Moscow Kremlin. Thiab nws yeej ib yam dab tsi yuav tsum tau zoo siab pej xeem ntawm peb lub teb chaws.

Kremlin - ib tug fortification, thiab, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws tau muaj raws li ntev raws li muaj hauv lub nroog nws tus kheej. Tab sis lossi hloov: thawj yog ntoo, tab sis, nrog lub sij hawm Dmitriya Donskogo yog lub pob zeb.

Ib qho ntawm feem nto moo vaj tse ntawm cov Moscow Kremlin - Spasskaya ntauwd, nws twb ua nyob rau hauv 1491 nyob rau hauv tub huabtais Ivan III. Chiming moos rau nws yog ib qho tsis txaus siab rau txoj kev sib sau ntawm tag nrho cov Russians.

cov tub rog rog

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, cov pej xeem ntawm Russia yuav ua tau zoo siab rau lawv pab tub rog. Nyob rau keeb kwm ntev nws tau tau ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas tseem ceeb victories nyob rau hauv heev heev kev tsov kev rog, lub ib thooj ntawm cov uas yog ntawm ib tug defensive thiab liberating cim, tab sis yeej tsis siv sij hawm rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm aggression. Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, qhov tseem ceeb triumph ntawm peb caj npab yog ib tug zoo kov yeej kev siab phem. Tej zaum 9 - ib yam dawb ceev rau hnub ntawd rau txhua txhua Lavxias teb sab. Lwm yam Lavxias teb sab hnub mus zoo li cas lawv yog, piv tsis tau rau hnub no.

Thiab tam sim no lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog koom tes rau ntau tshaj degree ntawm kev sib ntaus los muaj peev xwm ua. Raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm nws yog zaum ob tsuas yog mus rau Tuam Tshoj tus tub rog. Raws li tag nrho cov kev sib ntaus los hwj chim ua ntej ntawm peb cov tub rog tsuas yog tus US Army. Hos ib txhia cov kws txawj hais lus cam uas tiag tiag kev sib ntaus los muaj peev xwm ua ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Russia yog siab tshaj uas ntawm US cov tub rog.

Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog yuav mus ntxiv rau nyob twj ywm rau hauv lub guarantor ntawm lub inviolability ntawm ciam teb rau lwm ntawm peb motherland, raws li zoo raws li siab koom nyob rau hauv peacekeeping kev ua ub no nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb.

Lub ib ncig ntawm Russia

Lavxias teb sab Federation yog qhov loj tshaj plaws lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb. Nws tag nrho cheeb tsam yog ntau tshaj li 17 lab square kilometers. Qhov no nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej yog ib tug yog vim li cas rau kev txaus siab. Tsis teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsis muab cov kev pab yog li ntawd txawv nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab thaj chaw, haiv neeg thiab kev cai dab qhuas muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub teb chaws.

Ib tug cais qhov twg los muaj nuj nqis yuav pab raws li loj loj reserves ntawm minerals uas kom tus bowels ntawm peb teb koj chaw.

cov neeg ntawm Russia

Tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, qhov loj tshaj qhov uas muaj nuj nqis Russia yog nws cov pej xeem.

Muaj ntau ntawm cov poj tub ntawm lawv cov teb los ua zoo statesmen. Qhov no yog cov thawj Lavxias teb sab Tsar Ivan Grozny, Peter kuv, nyob rau hauv uas Russia twb tsim lub Great, Catherine II, cov reformer Alexander II.

Tsis tsawg dua koj Lavxias teb sab tub rog thawj coj ua kev kawm rau hauv lub field. Dmitry Donskoy, Alexander Suvorov, Mikhail Kutuzov, Georgy Zhukov - qhov no yog cia li ib tug me me daim ntawv teev cov kuj zoo kawg tooj ntawm Lavxias teb sab generals.

Nto moo scholars, muab lub ntiaj teb no ib tug zoo tus naj npawb ntawm inventions, cov cai thiab theories, dhau lawm, yog muaj nyob rau hauv txaus qhov ntau ntawm cov Russians. Qhov no Mikhail Lomonosov, Dmitriy Mendeleev, Cherepanov cov kwv tij, Alexander Lodygin, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Sergei Korolev, Andrei Sakharov thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Russians zoo sawv cev ntawm cov pioneer. Thiab lawv kuaj tsis tau tsuas yog lub teb chaws thiab hiav txwv, tab sis kuj qhov chaw. Nws Ermak Timofeevich, kua phev txiv neej Dezhnev, Erofey Khabarov, Mikhail Lazarev, Faddey Bellinsgauzen, Ivan Kruzenshtern, Nikolai Maclay, Yuri Gagarin. Tab sis muaj ntau yam ntawm cov poj Lavxias teb sab neeg mus ncig thiab explorers cia li tsis haum nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no.

Nto moo Lavxias teb sab kev cai muaj nuj nqis thiab ntxias paub ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Nws Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Leo Tolstoy, Fyodor Dostoevsky, Nikolai Gogol, Kazimir Malevich, Feodor Chaliapin thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Lawv zoo tsim yaam tshab - qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi yuav tsum tau zoo siab pej xeem ntawm Russia.

Saum toj no lub npe nrov tshaj Russians tau teev tseg. Tiam sis tej dlej pej xeem ntawm peb lub teb chaws - ib tug yog vim li cas rau nws muaj nuj nqis.

Zog ntawm Guj kuj - ib tug teb chaws zoo kawg

Lub Russians muaj ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm yog vim li cas yuav tsum tau zoo siab rau lawv lub teb chaws, thiab Russia - nws cov pej xeem. Lub greatness ntawm peb teb koj chaw xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv txhua txhua tus txiv neej, tus inhabitants ntawm lub qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv txhua txhua ua hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab los yog architectural tej hauj lwm uas tsim los ntawm ob txhais tes ntawm cov txiv neej. Khiav ntawm no qhov tseeb - txoj kev mus rau kev sib raug zoo. Yog hais tias nws yuav siv tau rau feem ntau ntawm peb cov khub pej xeem, nws yuav xyuas kom meej thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab kev vam meej ntawm lub teb chaws rau ntau xyoo yuav tuaj. Txhua dlej pej xeem yuav tsum tshaj tawm rau lub ntiaj teb no: "Kuv zoo siab tias kuv nyob hauv Russia!"