Conductive Npuag: ntxwv nta

Yuav luag tag nrho cov multicellular kab mob yog muaj li ntawm ntau hom ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Nws yog ib tug sau ntawm hlwb, uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv cov qauv nrog ntau zog. Rau cov nroj tsuag thiab cov tsiaj, lawv yuav tsis tib yam.

Ib tug ntau yam ntawm ntaub so ntswg uas muaj sia nyob

Nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw tag nrho cov ntaub yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv cov tsiaj thiab zaub. Lawv yog cov sib txawv. Cia saib lawv.

Yuav ua li cas yuav yog cov tsiaj cov nqaij mos?

Tsiaj txhu muaj xws li cov ntaub so ntswg hom:

• tshee;
• npag;
• epithelial;
• kev twb kev txuas.

Tag nrho tiam sis tus thawj raug muab faib ua ntau hom. Nqaij yog tus, striated thiab lub plawv. Epithelial muab faib mus rau hauv ib-fawm kib, multilayered - nyob ntawm seb lub xov tooj ntawm khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, raws li zoo raws li nyhav, cylindrical thiab planar - nyob ntawm seb cell zoo. Connective cov ntaub so ntswg koom siab ua ke hom xws li xoob fiber, khoom fiber, reticular, cov ntshav thiab lymph, rog, cov pob txha thiab pob txha mos.

Ib tug ntau yam ntawm tsob nroj ntaub so ntswg

Tsob nroj ntaub so ntswg muaj xws li cov nram qab no:

• tej;
• lub npog;
• conductive daim ntaub;
• txhua yam;
• kev kawm ntawv.

Tag nrho cov hom ntawm tsob nroj ntaub so ntswg muab ob peb hom. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab kev txhawj xeeb assimilation yog muab, dej-tau cov kabmob thiab pneumatic. Yuav tsum vov ntaub ua ke hom xws li tawv ntoo, cork thiab epidermis. Los ntawm kev cov ntaub so ntswg yog cov xylem thiab phloem. Phau ntawv no muab faib ua collenchyma thiab sclerenchyma. Yuav kom muaj xws li kev kawm ntawv sab, apical thiab intercalary.

Tag nrho cov ntaub ua tau tej yam zog, thiab lawv cov qauv sau raws nkaus Ii mus rau lub luag hauj lwm lawv ua. Qhov tsab xov xwm yuav muab suav hais tias ntau conductive ntaub, cov yam ntxwv nta ntawm nws hlwb. Tsis tas li ntawd tham txog nws cov kev khiav dej num.

Conductive Npuag: ntxwv nta

Cov ntaub ntawv no faib ua ob hom: cov phloem thiab xylem. Txij li thaum lawv yog ob leeg tsim los ntawm tib lub meristem, nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag nyob ib sab mus rau txhua lwm yam. Txawm li cas los, cov qauv ntawm cov kev ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub ob hom txawv. Wb tham ntau txog ob hom conductive ntaub so ntswg.

Tso cai conductive fabrics

Lawv lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm - cov thauj ntawm tshuaj. Txawm li cas los, cov kev ua ntawm conductive fabrics, tsis teej tug mus rau tib lub hom txawv.

Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm xylem - nqa tshuaj daws teeb meem los ntawm lub hauv paus mus txog rau tag nrho cov lwm yam kabmob ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Ib tug phloem muaj nuj nqi - kev haus dej kom ntau nyob rau hauv kev coj rov qab - los ntawm kev kabmob ntawm cov nroj tsuag nrog cov kav down rau lub hauv paus.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub xylem?

Nws kuj xa mus rau lwm lub cav ntoo. Lub conductive ntaub ntawm no hom muaj ob tug sib txawv kev hais: tracheids thiab cov hlab ntsha. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab ntsiab - ntoo fiber, thiab qhov yooj yim hais - ntoo parenchyma.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov qauv ntawm cov xylem hlwb?

Hlwb conductive ntaub raug muab faib mus rau hauv ob hom: tracheids thiab cov hlab ntsha feem. Tracheids - qhov no yog ib tug ntev heev tawb nrog unbroken phab ntsa, nyob rau hauv uas muaj cov pores rau cov thauj ntawm tshuaj.

Qhov thib ob conductive caij hlwb - ib tug txog ntsha - muaj ob peb lub hlwb, uas yog hu ua feem hlab ntsha. Cov hlwb cov txheej txheem ntawm ib tug saum toj no rau lwm yam. Lub junctions ntawm lub feem ntawm tib txog ntsha yog los ntawm qhov. Lawv yog cov hu ua perforations. Cov qhov tsim nyog rau cov thauj ntawm yam los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Tsiv kev daws rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov hlab ntsha yog sai npaum li cas tshaj tracheids.

Hlwb twb ob leeg conductive neeg tuag thiab tsis muaj protoplasts (protoplasts - cov ntsiab lus hlwb tsuas yog lub cell phab ntsa, i.e. nws yog tus tub ntxhais ntawm lub cell daim nyias nyias thiab organelles). Protoplasts twb tsis tuaj kawm ntawv, raws li yog hais tias lawv nyob rau hauv ib lub tawb rau thauj tej nws yuav nyuaj heev.

Los ntawm cov hlab ntsha thiab tracheids kev daws teeb meem yuav thauj tsis tau tsuas yog mas tab sis kuj horizontally - mus nyob hlwb los yog nyob sib ze conductive ntsiab.

Cov phab ntsa hauv cov conductive ntsiab muaj ib tug thooj, uas muab lub tawb zog. Nyob ntawm seb lub hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thickenings conductive ntsiab yog muab faib ua kauv, annelids, ntaiv, ntxaij thiab teev pore.

Neeg kho tshuab muaj nuj nqi thiab qhov yooj yim cov ntsiab ntawm cov xylem

Ntoo fibers kuj hu ua librioformom. Qhov no elongated ntev mus rau lub hlwb uas tau nyeem tas phab ntsa odrevesenevshimi. Lawv ua tau cov nyiaj them yug muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov kev muab lub dag lub zog xylem.

Hais ntawm lub hauv paus ntaub nyob rau hauv lub xylem parenchyma hais cav ntoo. Cov no yog cov hlwb nrog ntxhov plhaub, uas muaj tej yam yooj yim pores. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm lub parenchyma hlwb ntawm kev twb kev txuas rau cov hlab nws yog bordered mus, uas yog kev cob cog rua nrog nws yooj yim tej zaum. Ntoo parenchyma hlwb, rau hauv sib piv, tsis npliag hlab ntsha hlwb. Lawv muaj protoplasts. Xylem parenchyma ua backup muaj nuj nqi - nyob rau hauv nws stocking cov as-ham.

Yuav ua li cas distinguishes lub xylem ntawm txawv nroj tsuag?

Txij li thaum tracheids nyob rau hauv evolution sawv npaum li cas lawm dua cov hlab ntsha, cov conductive ntsiab yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv qis av cov nroj tsuag. Qhov no spore (ferns, mosses, qws mosses, horsetails). Feem ntau cov gymnosperms kuj muaj tsuas tracheids. Txawm li cas los, ib co gymnosperms muaj cov hlab ntsha (lawv yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv gnetalians). Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv exceptional mob, cov ntsiab yog tam sim no, thiab ib co ferns thiab horsetails.

Tab sis angiosperms (flowering) nroj tsuag tag nrho cov muaj ob tracheids thiab cov hlab ntsha.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub phloem?

Lub conductive ntaub ntawm no hom no kuj hu ua phloem.

Lub ntsiab yog ib feem ntawm lub phloem - SAB CIB conductive ntsiab. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no cov qauv bast txhua yam ntsiab (phloem fibers) thiab cov ntsiab ntawm lub hauv paus ntaub (phloem parenchyma).

Nta ntawm no hom conductive ntaub dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias lub hlwb sab cib ntsiab, raws li txwv mus rau conductive ntsiab xylem nyob twj ywm ciaj sia.

Tus qauv ntawm lub suab sib hais

Nws muaj ob hom ntawm lawv: SAB CIB hlwb thiab sab cib hlab. Tus thawj ncav us txog nyob rau hauv ntev thiab muaj taw tes qhia hnub. Lawv penetrated los ntawm qhov, los ntawm kev uas muaj thauj ntawm tshuaj. Lub sab cib hlwb muaj ntau txheej thaum ub tshaj li multicellular sab cib ntsiab. Lawv yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov nroj tsuag xws li spore thiab gymnosperms.

Nyob rau hauv angiosperms conductive ntsiab yog hais sab cib hlab, muaj raws ntawm ib tug plurality ntawm hlwb - ntawm feem ntawm lub suab sib hais. Lub los ntawm qhov uas ob tug uas nyob ib sab hlwb tsim ib tug sab cib phaj.

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub suab sib hlwb, xa mus rau structural units ntawm multicellular conductive ntsiab yog tsis muaj cov tub ntxhais, tab sis lawv yog cov tseem ciaj sia. Ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov phloem ntawm angiosperms kuj ua si Klek-tus khub, nahodyatschiesya tom ntej no mus txhua cell ya ntawm sab cib ntsiab. Cov khub yog ob qho tib si organelles thiab lub nucleus. Nyob rau hauv lawv muaj kev pauv tshuaj.

Muab hais tias lub phloem hlwb nyob, qhov no conductive cov ntaub so ntswg muaj peev xwm tsis ua rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv perennial cog thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej yog peb mus rau plaub lub xyoos, tom qab uas lub hlwb ntawm lub vascular cov ntaub so ntswg tuag.

Ntxiv cov ntsiab ntawm cov phloem

Tsis tas li ntawd sab cib hlwb los yog hlab, tseem muaj cov ntsiab ntawm cov ntaub thiab txhua yam ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub conductive ntaub. Cov yav tas yog sawv cev bast (phloem) fibers. Lawv ua tau ib tug pab txhawb nqa muaj nuj nqi. Tsis yog txhua txhua cov nroj tsuag muaj phloem fibers.

Hais ntawm cov ntaub sawv cev phloem parenchyma. Nws, raws li zoo raws li lub xylem parenchyma, ua ib tug thaub qab lub luag hauj lwm. Nws teeb tshuaj xws li tannins, resins thiab lwm tus neeg. Tshwj xeeb tsim cov ntsiab muaj phloem gymnosperms.

Puab cov tawv ntoo ntawm ntau hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag

Nyob rau hauv qis nroj tsuag xws li ferns thiab mosses, nws yog sawv cev los ntawm lub suab sib hlwb. Cov tib puab tawv yog raug rau feem ntau ntawm cov gymnosperms.

Angiosperm nroj tsuag muaj multicellular conductive hais: sab cib hlab.

Tus qauv ntawm lub kev system ntawm cov nroj tsuag

Xylem thiab phloem yeej ib txwm txheej txheem sab ntawm sab thiab daim ntawv bundles. Nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cas ob hom ntawm conductive ntaub cov txheej txheem txheeb ze rau txhua tus lwm yam, muaj ntau ntau hom kab teeb. Qhov feem ntau heev collateral. Lawv cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas lub phloem yog nyob rau ib sab ntawm lub xylem.

Tseem muaj concentric kab teeb. Nyob rau hauv lawv ib tug conductive ntaub nyob puag ncig lwm. Lawv muab faib ua ob hom: tsentrofloemnye thiab tsentroksilemnye.

Lub conductive ntaub muaj ib tug hauv paus feem ntau radial kab teeb. Lawv xylem rays thim ntawm qhov chaw, thiab phloem nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub xylem rays.

Collateral bundles ntau raug rau angiosperms thiab concentric - rau spore thiab gymnosperms.

Xaus: Ib tug sib piv ntawm ob yam ntawm conductive fabrics

Raws li ib tug xaus, peb muaj ib lub rooj nyob rau hauv uas abbreviated qhov tseem ceeb cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ob hom conductive ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Tam sim no uas koj paub txog cov kev ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nroj tsuag: lawv yog dab tsi, dab tsi zog tau thiab yuav ua li cas los mus tsim lawv lub hlwb.