Broad-spectrum penicillins. Ampicillin. qhia

Nyob nrog ib lub thawv uas muaj cov tshuaj ampicillin qhia tsis yog qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm cov tsos ntawm cov tshuaj no thiab cov kev pab cuam. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub pharmacology koom rau cov pab pawg neeg ntawm beta-lactam tshuaj tua kab mob (betalaktamov) thiab cephalosporins, thiab penicillins. Tshuaj nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no yog cov zoo tshaj plaws cov cuab yeej nyob rau hauv niaj hnub tshuaj tua kab mob. Lawv bactericidal kev ua si thiab siab ua si tiv thaiv mas lub Gram-zoo cov kab mob, muaj peev xwm mus sai heev muab ib qho kev tua nyhuv thiab lub hom cawv rau cov kab mob nyob rau hauv lub loj hlob theem, yog ib menyuam los ntawm cov kws kho mob ib ncig ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Betalaktamy dua li muaj ib tug zoo kawg li muaj peev xwm mus txeem ib tug ntawm tes thiab twb nyob muaj tsis pub dhau ciav pathogens. Cov hauj lwm zoo txoj kev kho mob yog kho kom zoo los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub kab mob yog tsis muaj peev xwm mus sai heev tsim kuj mus rau lawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau lub beta-lactam tshuaj tua kab mob no kuj tsis tshua muaj toxicity, lawv zoo taus txawm nrog heev siv thaum muaj kev kub koob tshuaj.

penicillin pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj combines cov kws khomob nrog high efficiency thiab selectivity ntawm lub antimicrobial los. Rau hnub tim, cov tshuaj yuav rightly hu ua ib tug zoo meej yeeb tshuaj. Los ntawm nws antimicrobial nyhuv penicillins sib npaug zos rau physiologically active tshuaj, uas yog muab tso rau lub cev lawm muaj nuj nqi, ib qho piv txwv ntawm xws li ib tug yeeb tshuaj tej zaum yuav lysozyme.

Dua li ntawm qhov zoo thaj chaw ntawm penicillin, pharmacologists ntev txhawj ib txhia ntawm lawv raug. Cov no muaj xws li qhov tau ntawm sensitization - nce yuav ua rau muaj kev tsim kev tsis haum tshuaj loj. Tsis tas li ntawd thiaj li muaj cov efficiency cov tshuaj ceev hatchability ntawm penicillins los ntawm ib tug kab mob thiab cov hauj lwm zoo xwb thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm thaum lub microbial cell division tshwm sim. Yuav kom tiv nrog no thiab ntau lwm shortcomings pab cov creation ntawm semi-hluavtaws penicillins.

Nyob rau hauv pab pawg neeg no ntawm penicillins, muaj zog medicament sab spectrum muaj xws li ampicillin. Cov lus qhia muaj xws li indications rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj kho mob allocates pielita, salmonellosis, mob ntsws, glomerulonephritis, bronchitis, sinusitis thiab ntau lwm yam ailments.

Kev kho mob xyaum muaj kev siv ntawm ib medicament nyob rau hauv xws cov ntaub ntawv, ampicillin trihydrate, sodium ampicillin thiab ampicillin ncaj qha. Cov lus qhia kom meej meej hais tias txoj cai thiab ntau npaum rau txhua cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kab mob tshuaj los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob. Xyaum ua tej yam tshuaj no yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav. Ntxiv mus, tus kws kho mob xaiv lub feem ntau tsim nyog txoj kev tau txais ampicillin tshuaj. Tshuaj yog muab nyob rau hauv uas tsis tshua muaj mob. Feem ntau nws yog coj hauv lawv.

Tus duab ntawm qhov teeb meem - nws yog 0.25 gram tsiav tshuaj los yog ntsiav tshuaj. Koj yuav tau siv sij hawm hmoov ampicillin. Raug tshem tawm ntau npaum yog xam raws li ib tug tshuaj ib koob ntawm cov active tshuaj.

Externally ampicillin yog ib tug zoo crystalline dawb hmoov. Nws qab qab iab. Nyob rau hauv cov dej, tsis zoo soluble, suab tsis yaj nyob rau hauv chloroform los yog ethanol, los yog nyob rau hauv cov huab cua. Ampicillin sodium ntsev tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hmoov los yog ntxeem tau loj ntawm dawb los yog kremovatam. Yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej, nyob rau hauv cawv. Exhibits hygroscopic zog. Ampicillin trihydrate - dawb crystalline hmoov. Nyob rau hauv dej, yaj nyob rau hauv ethanol, suab nws yog insoluble.

Tsis pom zoo kom siv cov ampicillin qhia nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob ntawm npau taws me ntsis rau penicillins, mob mononucleosis, daim siab tsis ua hauj lwm, leukemia, cov me nyuam mus txog ib lub hlis. Tau contraindications rau cov kab mob ntawm tus mob huam.