Barium oxide

Cov feem ntau siv ntawm ib yam khoom "barium oxide" yog raws li nyob rau hauv nws cov hygroscopic vaj tse - lub peev xwm los nqus dej. Nws yog yog li ntawd ncaj qha nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj ua lag luam, nws yog siv raws li ib tug tivthaiv rau cov ua barium peroxide. Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam oxide yog indispensable nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm tej hub hlau nplaum. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub tam sim no tej yam kev mob ntawm barium oxide uas nws mis Bao, kuv nrhiav tau zoo daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv microelectronics thiab electronics. Zus tau tej cov ferrate siv magnitokeramiki barium, uas yog tau ua los ntawm combining nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj zog sib nqus teb nyob rau hauv ib tug siab ntawm ib tug sib tov ntawm barium thiab hlau oxide hmoov.

Txawm li cas los, lub ntsiab kom pom tseeb ntawm daim ntawv thov no rau qhov siv ntawm thermionic cathodes. Early xyoo pua xeem, zaum los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees Venelt kawm electron emission txoj cai, uas nyuam qhuav qhib English explorer Richardson. Rau thwmsim Venelt siv daim ntawm platinum hlau. Tus thawj sim tau siab paub tseeb hais tias cov lus xaus twv tom qab ntawd los ntawm lub English physicist. Tab sis, ces cov kev ua tsis tau tejyam thiab Venelt tswv yim hais tias lub khiav ntawm electrons yog ntau ntau dua li ib txwm, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv tus nto ntawm cov ua hauj lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas - platinum - yuav tshwm sim tej impurities. Tom qab xyuas nws assumption Venelt pom tias qhov ntau ntawm cov electron qhov chaw ntawm lub flow deflection yog barium oxide, platinum teeb meem rau ntawm qhov chaw raws li ib feem ntawm lubricant kev pab kiag li lawm siv nyob rau hauv lub qhov. Lus xaus Venelta ntev tseem unrecognized vim hais tias cov kev zej zog yuav tsis experimentally me nyuam nws kev. Nws coj ze li ntawm ib xyoo pua rau cov kawm lus Askiv physicist Kohler muaj pov thawj qhov correctness Venelta. Kohler rau lub hauv paus ntawm rov thwmsim pom tias yog barium oxide yog raug cov cua kub ntawm progressively qis siab, lub thermionic emission siv sai tsub kom.

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thirties ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo, lub German chemist Paul hais tias, muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias electrons tshuab txais vim hais tias ntawm lub xub ntiag ntawm impurities nyob rau hauv lub barium oxide. Thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yog ua thaum uas tsis muaj siab, ib feem ntawm cov pa escapes los ntawm cov oxide. Seem nyob rau barium yog ionized thiab yog li yeej txhawb cov tsos ntawm dawb electrons. Cov electrons thiab yog cov tawm hauv ib crystalline qauv thaum rhuab thiab uas ib zaug saib Venelt.

Nws yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem tau thaum kawg muaj pov thawj qhov validity ntawm no hypothesis. Chemists thiab P. A. Bundeli Language Kovtun (USSR) yuav tsis tau tsuas yog txaus muab tus nqi ntawm lub concentration ntawm impurities nyob rau hauv lub barium oxide, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev xyaum ua tej los sib piv cov nqi nrog rau ib tug thermionic txaus kom muaj nuj nqis. Uas yog vim li cas lub barium oxide yog siv raws li active ingredient nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua thermionic cathodes. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, ib tug electron nqaj, uas cov generated duab ntawm qhov screen yooj yim TV los yog computer saib. Qhov zoo tshaj kwj qhov chaw ntawm no ua barium oxide.

Yog hais tias lub tshuaj yog sim yaj nyob rau hauv dej, nws yog pom tias barium oxide reacts nrog cov dej los ntawm cua sov rau cov tshuaj. Yog li tau tshuaj barium hydroxide - dawb hmoov nrog ib tug melting point ntawm 78 ° C. Qhov no compound yog reacted nrog ib qho zoo heev carbon dioxide pa roj, thiab yog li ntawd ib tug aqueous tov, feem ntau hu ua "barite dej", yog dav siv raws li ib tug reagent rau carbon dioxide.

Cov pib compound thiab cov yam tivthaiv yog muaj nrog rau ntau yam coloring cov ntaub ntawv, lubricants thiab roj. Tej kev siv cov barium oxide kwv yees txawm DI Mendeleev.