Asphalt ceev. Muaj pes tsawg leeg asphalt, GOST, hom, yam ntxwv

Raws li ib tug ntawm cov feem ntau nquag siv txoj kev-lub tsev ntaub ntawv asphalt siv niaj hnub no, GOST uas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov kev ceev thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg. Rau hnub tim, muaj ntau ntau qib, ntau ntau yam thiab hom ntawm cov khoom. Lub hauv paus rau kev sib faib no tsis tsuas qhov Cheebtsam, tab sis kuj piv nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm lawv loj fractions. Asphalt muab faib mus rau hauv pawg kuj rau yog vim li cas hais tias lub Cheebtsam yuav muaj ntau feem kev xav txog gravel thiab xuab zeb, thiab cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm purification ntawm cov mineral hmoov.

qauv

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub asphalt presupposes:

• gravel;
• gravel;
• xuab zeb;
• bitumen;
• mineral hmoov.

Hais txog cov rubble, ib co ntau yam ntawm no txheej tsis muab rau nws siv. Txawm li cas los, rubble los yog gravel yuav tsum tau, yog tias nqa tawm asphalting lub teb chaws noj mus rau hauv tus account mob loj heev nraum loads thiab siab tsheb khiav plag tsev. Cov ntaub ntawv yog nyob rau tib lub sij hawm pab raws li ib tug tiv caij karkasoobrazuyuschego.

Raws li ib tug yuav tsum feedstock siv mineral hmoov, nws yog muaj nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm tag nrho cov hom thiab hom ntawm asphalt. Pawg feem ntawm cov hmoov yog txiav txim los ntawm kev noj mus rau hauv tus account uas yuav tsum tau thiab paub tab rau lub viscosity. Yog hais tias koj siv mineral hmoov nyob rau hauv ib tug loj npaum li cas, cov ntaub ntawv uas tau lub peev xwm los ntub deeg ntawm tus choj qauv tsis them nrog tej kab nrib pleb.

Raws li hais saum toj no, cov xuab zeb siv nyob rau hauv feem ntau hom thiab hom ntawm asphalt. Nws zoo yog txiav txim tau los ntawm cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm purification thiab ntau lawm txoj kev. Cov khoom tej zaum yuav ua los ntawm qhib txoj kev, nyob rau hauv uas cov ntaub ntawv nws yuav tsum tau rau tib zoo tu. Tus ncej txheem ntawm lub lag luam yog ib tug bitumen. Nws yog ib yam khoom ntawm cov roj refining.

Pawg feem ntawm bitumen nyob rau hauv feem ntau qib ntawm asphalt tsis pub tshaj 5%. Txawm li cas los, Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm paving chaw, uas muaj ib tug complex topography, bitumen yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov mus txog rau 10% thiab tshaj. Qhov no raw khoom muab cov ceev thiab elasticity ntawm sib tov tom qab solidification. Qhov kawg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog yooj yim faib rau ntawm qhov chaw, vim hais tias nws muaj fluidity.

Lub ceev thiab yooj yim cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntuj asphalt

asphalt ceev - qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj yam ntxwv uas xav cov tub txawg thiab cov developers. Ntuj nws variant yog ib tug uas tsis muaj melting khoom loj dub. Thaum lub lem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug ci iab los yog npub xim.

asphalt ceev 1.1 g / cm³. Lub melting kub tej zaum yuav txawv los ntawm 20 mus rau 100 ° C. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov roj muaj nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 25 rau 40%, thiab resinous-asphaltene tshuaj uas tej zaum yuav muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntim ntawm 60 mus rau 75%. Raws li rau lub elemental muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ib feem pua nws yog raws li nram no:

• C - 80-85.
• H - 10-12.
• S - 0,1-10.
• Hais txog - 2-3.

Cov kev ceev ntawm asphalt koj twb paub, tab sis qhov no yam ntxwv tsis yog ib tug uas xav tau txais kev pab. Cov lwm nta yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm ib txoj kev rau txoj kev residues los yog roj fractions evaporative teeb Cheebtsam thiab oxidation nyob rau hauv tus supergene.

Cov yam ntxwv dag asphalt

Dag asphalt tseem hu ua asphalt sib tov. Nws yog ib tug compact qauv ntawm mineral hmoov, gravel, bitumen thiab xuab zeb. Pom kub asphalt, uas yog pw los ntawm tus foob thaum raug rau ib tug kub ntawm 180 ° C los yog ntau tshaj. Yog hais tias siv nyob rau hauv qhuav txheej txheem ib tug tsawg-viscosity bitumen, lub stacking yog nqa tawm ntawm ib tug kub xws li los ntawm 40 mus rau 80 ° C. Yog hais tias ib tug kua bitumen, asphalt yog ces txias compacted thiab nyob kub txog li -30 ° C.

Lub ntsiab hom ntawm asphalt thiab GOST

ntxhib asphalt ceev tau hais saum toj no, txawm li cas los, yuav tsum tau paub kuj hais tias qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom xyaw rau hauv lub muaj pes tsawg leeg feem xyuam rau lub hom thiab hom ntawm asphalt. Niaj hnub no lub feem ntau txais peb ntau ntau yam, uas yog ua nyob rau hauv raws li GOST 9128-2009. yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov qauv no, cov tau qhov sib ntxiv ntawm additives uas ua rau kom cov hydrophobicity, te kuj, durability thiab yooj ntawm cov txheej.

Raws li ib feem ntawm lub hom 1 asphalt muaj:

• kuaj;
• xuab zeb;
• gravel;
• qhob;
• mineral hmoov.

Los ntawm no tuab txheej muaj xws li cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv uas cov ntsiab lus ntawm rubble tej zaum yuav txawv nyob rau hauv ntau ntawm 30 mus rau 60%. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj xws li high-density, co ntxeem tau macadam thiab ntxeem tau asphalt. Asphalt, GOST uas yuav tsum raug xam tias yog thaum lub sij hawm siv thiab ua, muaj peev xwm yuav manufactured nyob rau hauv lub trademark 2. Nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov khoom muaj:

• gravel;
• qhob;
• crushing kuaj xyuas;
• xuab zeb;
• mineral hmoov.

Pawg no yuav tsum muaj xws li co ntxeem tau xuab zeb, dej txeem thiab tuab asphalt nyob rau hauv uas gravel cov ntsiab lus tej zaum yuav txawv los ntawm 30 mus rau 50%, whereas lub sib tov ntawm feem kawm poob crushing thiab xuab zeb yuav uas li mus txog rau 70 volume%.

Cov kev ceev ntawm asphalt koj twb paub, tab sis koj yuav tsum paub xav txog qhov tseeb hais tias muaj yog hom Asphalt 3, nws muaj:

• crushing kuaj xyuas;
• mineral xuab zeb;
• bitumen hmoov.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no peb yuav tham txog niam ntawm crushed pob zeb thiab gravel uas tej zaum yuav tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub chav los ntawm 30 mus rau 50%. Kuaj crushing thiab xuab zeb uas muaj nyob hauv ib lub ntim ntawm 30 mus rau 70%.

hauj lwm hom

asphalt Ceev (t / m3) yog 1.1. Txawm li cas los, qhov no yog tsis yog txhua txhua yog paub txog cov khoom. Piv txwv li, asphalt qib 1 yuav ua tau heev ntxeem tau los yog tuab macadam siab. Lub Scope ntawm kev siv cov txheej thiab ua raws li ib txoj kev siv landscaping. Raws li rau asphalt qib 2, lub ntau yam ntawm nws cov ceev tseem raug nyob txog tib yam, tab sis qhov feem pua ntawm gravel thiab xuab zeb txawv nyias li. Qhov no asphalt yog xav tau cov statistical nruab nrab. Sib tov sib xyaw twb thov rau qhov kev siv ntawm kev loj, Spatial Planning, repairing coatings raws li zoo raws li lub tsim ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub tsheb chaw ua si.

xaus

asphalt Ceev (t / m3) yog 1.1. Tab sis qhov kev xaiv no yog tsis yog tus tsuas yog ib qho uas yuav tsum tau paub. Piv txwv li, yog tsim nyog hais kuj yog ib tug kuv ntawm asphalt, uas siv rau ib ncig ntawm lub qub Soviet Union, cov kob ntawm Trinidad, Venezuela, Fabkis thiab Canada. Nws mineral povntawv, xws li cov xuab zeb thiab gravel, cov khoom puv mus rau hauv ib tug muaj zog ua kiav txhab rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub roj pas dej. Qhov no txheej yog kis nyob rau hauv lub qhov hluav taws xob rau tej thaj chaw thiab ntiav nto ntawm lub ntiaj teb mus rau lub roj-kev coj tus kheej cov pob zeb.