Aleksey Plescheev: biography. Xyoo ntawm tus kws sau paj lug lub neej Pleshcheeva

Nikolay Alekseevich Plescheev, biography uas yuav tsum tau sau ua ke nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm, yog ib tug muaj koob sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab intelligentsia ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Nws yog ib tug txawj sau ntawv, paj huam, tshuab txhais lus, kev sau ntawv critic, kev activist thiab revolutionary.

Thaum pib ntawm lub neej txoj kev taug kev mus

Pleshcheeva lub neej yog tag nrho ntawm cov txheej xwm, nplua nuj nyob rau hauv nco cov lus tseeb. Yug txawj sau ntawv nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg, uas tau zwm rau ib tug ancient noble tsev neeg. Qhov no zoo siab xyiv fab kev tshwm sim coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub caij ntuj no ntawm 1825 nyob rau hauv Kostroma. Los ntawm 1826 tus thawj tsev neeg nyob hauv Nizhny Novgorod, qhov twg cov pej xeem kev pab cuam ntawm lub kws sau paj lug txiv twb pauv. Tsis ntev, txawm li cas los, lub taub hau ntawm tsev neeg tuag, thiab tus tub nyob rau hauv qhov kev kho mob ntawm nws niam.

Nyob rau hauv 1839, lub neej yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug Pleshcheev nrog nws tsiv mus nyob rau hauv Petersburg. Ntawm no nws txiav txim siab mus devote nws lub neej rau cov tub rog kev pab thiab mus rau tsev kawm ntawv lub khwb sub-ensigns thiab cavalry Kawm ua tub rog. Tab sis, muaj kawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv rau ob lub xyoos, tus tub hluas realizes hais tias nws tsis yog nws lub hom phiaj. Nws yoojyim lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab nkag mus rau hauv University of St. Petersburg rau lub keeb kwm thiab philosophical kws qhia ntawv. Cov kev kawm ntawm nws txoj kev tshawb no yog sab hnub tuaj hom lus.

Vajvoog Pleshcheeva paub los ntawm lub sij hawm no twb dav heev, txawm hais tias nws cov tub ntxhais uas muaj hnub nyoog. Nws yog paub nrog xws li neeg nto moo raws li Pletnev, Grigorovich, Krajewski, Goncharov, Dostoevsky, Saltykov-Shchedrin.

Sab nraum zoov kev ua ub no

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua ntawm cov aristocratic hluas nws suav hais tias prestigious yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev sib raug taw, tej pab pawg, ob tog. Kuv tsis nyob twj ywm ib sab ntawm lub neej tshiab nimno tiam sis thiab tus hluas Pleshcheev. Biography ntawm lub kws sau paj lug yog tag nrho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog nws kev koom tes nyob rau hauv xws cov koom haum, xws li cov revolutionary. Tag nrho cov haujlwm twb passionate thiab muaj ib tug ncaj qha feem nyob rau txoj hmoo ntawm cov kws sau paj lug.
Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov nyhuv ntawm Beketov, uas coj ib yam ntawm cov me nyuam kawm ntawv tej pawg neeg, Pleshcheev poob kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev tshawb fawb thiab sab laug lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv 1845 tsis muaj tiav qhov kev cob qhia. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws pib mus kev sib txoos Petrashevsky mug. Tab sis qhov tshwj xeeb attraction nyob rau cov tub ntxhais kws sau paj lug yog ib tug mug Durov, yeej tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas nom tswv li kev sau ntawv txaus siab.

thaum ntxov Tej hauj lwm

Pleshcheeva kwv huam pib tshwm nyob rau hauv luam txij li thaum 1844, mas nyob rau hauv lub ces paub ntawv raws li "Sau ntawv ntawm lub Fatherland", "Kawm", "Literary Gazette", "cov tsev qiv ntawv rau kev nyeem ntawv". Cov verses hais txog lub sij hawm thaum ntxov ntawm creativity, kom meej meej muaj tej yam ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm Mihaila Yurevicha Lermontova.

Paj Huam Pleshcheeva xam qhovkev vim li cas ntawm kev tu siab, kho siab, romance. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov forties lyric kws sau paj lug yog lawm ua tus sau nrog lub zog ntawm cov tawm tsam, ib tug hu mus tua tsis ncaj ncees thiab kev tsim txom. Lub revolutionary cim paj huam Pleshcheeva tsis ploj mus tsis paub los ntawm ob kiv cua ntawm nws tej txuj ci, thiab cov tub ceev xwm.

xyoo ntawm exile

Nyob rau hauv 1849 nyob rau hauv Moscow, nrog rau lwm yam free-xav uas tau koom rau Petrashevists, nws twb puas tau raug ntes thiab Pleshcheev. Biography ntawm lub kws sau paj lug enriched nrog lwm sab ntawm lub neej. Tom qab nws raug ntes nws raug coj mus rau lub fortress ntawm St. Petersburg, qhov twg nws tuav txog yim lub hlis. Hlis ntuj nqeg 22 nyob rau parade av ntawm lub Semenov yuav tsum raug nplua, uas nyob rau thaum lub caij kawg twb hloov los ntawm plaub lub xyoos ntawm ib qho nyuaj zog, deprivation ntawm tag nrho cov cai ntawm cov qub txeeg qub teg raws li txoj cai thiab nyob qib.

Pleshcheev raug xa mus rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Uralsk, nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib Orenburg corps, raws li ib tug private. Txij li thaum 1852 cov kev pab cuam coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Orenburg, qhov twg rau tshwj xeeb txoj hauj lwm zoo nws tau raug tsa rau cov nyob qib ntawm uas tsis yog-commissioned officer, thiab cov tub ceev xwm txoj kev qib nyob rau hauv 1856 tau rov qab los. Nyob rau hauv 1857, Nikolayu Alekseevichu Plescheevu twb xa rov qab thiab lub npe ntawm nobleman.

Thaum lub sij hawm hauv lub xyoo ntawm exile kws sau paj lug yog tsiv los ze zog mus rau lub neeg nyob ze rau nws nyob rau hauv ntsuj plig, xws li Taras Grigorevich Shevchenko, kws sau paj lug Mikhailov, Polish revolutionaries. Thiab hloov lub lyrics ntawm lub kws sau paj lug. Nyob rau hauv cov paj huam muaj lub siab dawb paug, nws tus kheej saib muaj tej yam ntawm lub neej. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm los ib lub voj voog ntawm cov kwv huam hais txog kev hlub lyrics. Lawv hais txog nrog rau yav tom ntej tus poj niam ntawm Nikolai.

tom qab mus

Xyoo ntawm tus kws sau paj lug lub neej Pleshcheeva yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv ob lub sij hawm - ua ntej thiab tom qab qhov link. Lub sij hawm siv nyob rau hauv mob hnyav, tsuas npau lub cim ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, tab sis ho tsis ua kom nws hloov hnyav tswv yim.

Nyob rau hauv 1858 Pleshcheev tuaj txog nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg thiab tau ntsib nyob ntawm no nrog Dobrolyubov, Chernyshevsky, Nekrasov. Nyob rau hauv 1859, nws tsiv mus nyob rau hauv Moscow. Ntawm no nws yog nquag koom nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv ua ub no. Thaum recital uas Pleshcheev teem nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev, muaj tus feem ntau mas cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab intelligentsia, xws li Leo Tolstoy, Nikolai Nekrasov, Ivan Turgenev, Pyotr Tchaikovsky thiab ntau lwm sau ntawv, paj huam, lam, musicians.

kev kawm ua hauj lwm

Ntau xyoo Pleshcheeva lub neej tau muaj nplooj siab rau kev kawm ua ub no, uas muaj ib tug pedagogical orientation. Nyob rau hauv 1861, ua ke nrog Berg nws luam tawm anthology "Cov me nyuam Phau Ntawv" nyob rau hauv 1873, nyob rau hauv co-lag luam nrog Alexandrov tshwm ib tug sau rau cov me nyuam, uas muab tso rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab classical thiab niaj hnub ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus txawj ntawv, nyob rau cov teg num ntawm Pleshcheeva muaj kev kawm thiab tuav collections ntawm geography. Tag nrho cov tau raug npaj thiab luam tawm xya phau ntawv ntawm ntau yam kev kawm.

Novelist thiab tshuab txhais lus

Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo Pleshcheeva lub neej, thaum nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug txhais lus, nws manifested tag nrho nws cov kev sau ntawv txuj ci. Muaj ntau nqe txhais los ntawm Fabkis, German, Askiv, Slavic lus, ua Nikolaem Alekseevichem, yog tseem xam tau tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Feem ntau, cov kws sau paj lug coj li tej hauj lwm uas tsis muaj ib tug ua ntej nws tsis tau txhais mus rau hauv Lavxias teb sab. Peru Pleshcheeva muaj thiab ib co kev txhais nyob rau hauv keeb kwm thiab sociological ntxhais. Literary thuam yog tseem xav nyob rau hauv lub Z lub, nws yog muab ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm.

Thoob plaws hauv lub tswv yim kev ua si ntawm lub kws sau paj lug tsis tawm ua hauj lwm rau luag. Tab sis nws yuav tsum tau hais tias nws tsim cov khoom tsis mus dhau uas twb muaj lawm thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev cai. Ib txhia ntawm cov dab neeg luv luv thiab novels yuav hu ua ntawv.

Sib nrug los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub xyoo ntawm tus kws sau paj lug lub neej Pleshcheeva twb tau sau nrog ci txheej xwm, cov rooj sib tham, sib tam, haujlwm, tsis tau hais tias hais txog cov ntsejmuag ntawm Nikolai ua yeeb yam. Pleshcheev nws tus kheej yog ib tug zoo nyeem ntawv. Nws paub thiab hlub tus ua yeeb yam. Los ntawm tus cwj mem ntawm lub kws sau paj lug tawm ntawm cov kev ua si, uas tau muab tso rau cov theem ntawm lub teb chaws txoj kev theaters.

txawj cuab yeej cuab tam

Nikolay Alekseevich Plescheev, uas nws biography tsuas ua rau cov admiration ntawm xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv, sab laug qab ib tug nplua nuj kev cai cuab yeej cuab tam.

Thawj thiab txhais cov kwv huam Pleshcheeva fascinate nws suab paj nruag. Uas yog vim li cas lawv tsis tau ploj mus tsis paub los ntawm xws li poj composers li Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, Cui, Gretchaninov, Rachmaninoff. Ntau tshaj ib puas ntawm poetic tej hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug teem rau suab paj nruag, raws li daim ntawm cov kos duab. Hais txog 13 thawj thiab 30 translations ntawm plays los ntawm cov Peru Nikolaya Alekseevicha. Ib txhia ntawm lawv yog cov tam sim no ib feem ntawm lub repertoire ntawm theaters nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.
Pua pua Pleshcheeva poetic tej hauj lwm luam tawm nyob rau hauv anthologies. Muaj ntau los ua classics yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub anthology ntawv kev nyeem ntawv.

Lub neej txiav luv luv Pleshcheeva Cuaj hlis 26, 1893 nyob rau hauv Paris, tab sis yog faus nyob rau hauv Moscow Nikolai.