Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich: biography, creativity

Lub ntiaj teb no ib tug ntau ntawm feemxyuam neeg. Tab sis yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg muab ob peb lub peev xwm ua - yog ib tug rarity. Great haiv neeg ntawm Ukraine, uas peb xav kom qhia rau, cia li ib tug ntawm cov - generously ntse nruab siab los ntawm Vajtswv. Nws yog lub npe hu raws li ib tug zoo kawg kws sau paj lug, tab sis kuj raws li ib tug artist.

Nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg loj loj

Muaj yog ib lub zos nyob rau hauv lub Cherkasy cheeb tsam Morintsy. Ntawm no tau yug los Taras Shevchenko (Lub peb hlis ntuj 9, 1814). Poet tuag 03/10/1861. Xyoo no, lub abolition ntawm serfdom. Thiab Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich twb "yuam". Tsis tus tswv ntawm nws tus kheej, nws lub neej, txoj haujlwm thiab yam uas koj nyiam.

Leej Txiv - Grigoriy Ivanovich - kuj yog ib tug fortress. Thiab tag nrho cov ntawm nws muaj ntau yam cov me nyuam. Lawv - cov cuab yeej ntawm tus tswv tsev, uas nws lub npe yog Vasily Engelhardt. Los ntawm leej txiv lub pog koob yawg koob tau nqis los T. Zaporizhzhya Cossack Andrew. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntawm nws niam (Catherine Yakimovny) - Prykarpattia ntawm cov neeg tsiv teb.

Nrog unkind stepmother

Tsis ntev lub tsev neeg tsiv mus rau lub zos ntawm Kyrylivka. Ntawm no Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich siv nws thaum ntxov xyoo. Yog, tsis ntev lub roob tsaus muag rau tag nrho cov ntawm lawv - kuv niam tuag. Leej Txiv sib yuav ib tug poj ntsuam. Nws twb tau peb cov me nyuam ntawm lawv tus kheej. nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyiam Taras. Raws li los ntawm khaws ib lub qhov muag laus tus muam Katya - nws yog zoo, muaj siab hlub. Tsis ntev, nws sib yuav thiab sab laug lub tsev neeg. Thiab cia li ob lub xyoos tom qab kev tuag ntawm nws niam thiab nws txiv txawm ua tsis tau.

Taras muab 12. Thaum xub thawj, nws ua hauj lwm nyob ib tug xib fwb. Ces poob mus rau lub icon painters. Lawv mus ntawm lub zos rau lub zos. Tsis tas li ntawd Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich dhau tub hluas yaj. Nws tau txais kev pab lub pov thawj.

Ib yam yog zoo: ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv kawm los nyeem thiab sau ntawv. "Bogomazov" qhia cov nyuam tub hluas nrog cov nyuaj duab kev cai.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm nws tus tswv

Tiam sis ntawm no nws 16 Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich los ua ib tug tub qhe ntawm tus tshiab tus tswv tsev - Paul Engelhardt. Lub ib uas nws portrait nws sau tom qab - nyob rau hauv 1833. Nws yog qhov ntxov tshaj plaws lub npe hu watercolor paintings Shevchenko. Nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm lub ces fashionable portrait-Miniatures.

Tiam sis ua ntej, Taras tau txais kev pab raws li Povarenkov. Tom qab ntawd nws pom cov Cossacks. Txawm li cas los, nws twb pib painting thiab hlub nws.

Ua tsaug rau koj tus tswv. Pom nws tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub serf ib tug txiv leej tub hais tias thaum nws yog nyob rau hauv Wilno (tam sim no Vilnius), xa Taras rau Yanu Rustemu - ib tug kws qhia ntawv nyob lub zos lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nws muaj ib tug zoo portraitist. Thiab thaum nws tus tswv twb xav tias mus txog khom nyob rau hauv lub capital, thiab ib tug txawj ntse tub qhe coj nrog nws. Zoo li, kuv yuav muaj ib tug tsi ntawm lub tsev cov neeg pleev kob.

Tau nyob rau hauv lub tiaj ua si

22 xyoo yog Taras. Thaum nws yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov vaj thiab redraw tus pej thuam. Kuv ntaus li ib tug sib tham nrog ib tug artist uas yog nws cov khub countryman. Nws yog Ivan Soshenko. Nws los ua ib tug zoo phooj ywg ntawm Taras. Rau ib lub sij hawm lawv txawm nyob rau hauv tib lub tsev. Thaum Shevchenko tuag, Ivan Maksimovic nrog nws lub hleb mus rau lub Kaneva.

Yog li ntawd, Soshenko no, kev sib khom lus nrog lub Ukrainian kws sau paj lug Eugene zuag ntsis plaub hau (uas yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj kom paub yuav ua li cas feemxyuam Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich - artist), coj ib tug novice mus ntsib cov "txoj cai" cov neeg. Nws tau coj tuaj rau Basil Grigorovich. Nws yog tus secretary ntawm lub Academy of Arts. Nws tus kheej los ntawm Piryatin, lom zem ntau pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kos duab kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Ukraine thiab nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev pab novice painters. Nws kuj tau ua txhua yam nws yuav mus txhiv Shevchenko los ntawm serfdom. Nws yog nws ib tug kws sau paj lug nyob rau hnub ntawm nws tso tawm, muab lub paj huam "Haydamaky".

Taras kuj nkag tau mus rau tus tswv ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem scenes ntawm cov neeg pluag lub neej, ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub St. Petersburg Academy of Arts Alekseem Venetsianovym. Thiab txawm nrog ib tug naas ej Karlom Bryullovym, raws li zoo raws li ib tug naas ej poet Vasiliem Zhukovskim. Nws yog ib tug tiag tiag cov neeg tseem ceeb.

Great pab koj tu siab aroused lawv, Taras Grigorevich Shevchenko. Nws muaj tswv yim biography twb cia li pib.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tus nrog paub txog lub exceptional txuj ci ntawm no zoo heev Ukrainian.

Free ntawm kav!

Tag nrho depended rau ntawm nws tus tswv - Engelhardt. Lawv xa mus rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm tib neeg. Nws puas tau ua tsis zoo. Ib tug private daim ntawv thov rau Shevchenko ntawm Karl Bryullov - qhov no nto moo academician ntawm painting - tsuas yog fueled lub siab xav ntawm tus tswv av kom tau tub qhe huv si sum. Shevchenko thov thiab xibfwb Venetsianov saws nyob rau hauv lub imperial tsev hais plaub! Tab sis txawm qhov no siab txoj cai tsis txav ua lag ua luam tawm hauv av. Nrog nods rau tus tswv mus rau feem ntau cov eminent sau ntawv. Tag nrho cov mus tsis muaj avail!

Taras abode nyob rau hauv lub gloom. Nws xav txoj kev ywj pheej. Tom qab lub rooj sib hais txog cov tom ntej no tsis ua hauj lwm, nws tuaj rau Ivan Soshenko nyob rau hauv xav ua kom tau mus ob peb vas. Txawm ua mus rau pauj nws tus tswv ...

Muaj cov twb alarmed tag nrho cov phooj ywg ntawm lub artist. Nws yuav tsis muaj tshwm sim ntau heev tshaj dua cov teeb meem! Lawv txiav txim siab los ua lwm yam. Peb paub dab tsi yuav Engelhardt. Peb muab nws ib tug heev kawg loj npaum li cas ntawm tsuas yog ib qho serf - 2500 rubles!

Thiab hais tias yog qhov twg lawv. Zhukovsky tawm nrog Bryullov: nws yuav los nws portrait. tam sim no ces muab tso rau hauv ib tug lottery - nyob rau hauv lub Anichkov Palace. Yeej thiab qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws portrait. Li ntawd, kuv muab ib tug dawb 24-xyoo-laus fortress Shevchenko. Nws yog nyob rau hauv 1838

Lub Taras yuav ua tsaug rau cov phooj ywg rau qhov no? Nws nplooj siab Zhukovsky "Catherine" - nws tseem ceeb tshaj plaws zaj paj huam.

Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo - mus kawm rau hauv Academy of Arts. Shevchenko los ua thiab me nyuam kawm ntawv thiab loyal phooj ywg Karla Bryullova.

Hais tias cov xyoo - heev ci, zoo siab xyiv fab lub neej nyob rau hauv lub Kobzar. Nyob rau nees, raws li lawv hais, tseem tshuav Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich. Nws creativity yog nkag mus rau hauv ntau lub hwj chim.

Nws flourished tsis tau tsuas yog kos duab, tab sis kuj poetic khoom plig. Cia li ob lub xyoos tom qab ntawd (tom qab nws tso tawm los ntawm serfdom) kuv pom lub teeb ntawm "Kobzar". Nyob rau hauv 1842 - "Haydamaky". Thiab cov painting "Catherine" yog tsim nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo. Nws yog lub npe hu rau ntau. Artist wrote raws li nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej eponymous zaj paj huam.

Critics Petersburg thiab txawm tob tob Belinsky, tsis tsuas yog tsis to taub, tab sis kuj sharply criticized tag nrho cov Ukrainian ntaub ntawv. Cov yav tas los ua teb twb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thuam. Luag thuam txawm cov lus nyob rau hauv uas nws tau sau Shevchenko Taras Grigorevich. Nws cov kwv huam tau pom xwb provincialism.

Tab sis Ukraine nws tus kheej kom meej thiab menyuam, thiab txais lub kws sau paj lug. Nws ua nws cov yaj saub.

Nyob rau hauv nyob deb exile

Tuaj rau hauv lub 1845-1846 biennium. Nws los txog ze ntawm Cyril thiab Methodius. Lawv tub ntxhais hluas uas xav nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub Slavic neeg. Nyob rau hauv kev Ukrainian.

Kaum los ntawm lub vajvoog puas tau raug ntes nyob rau nqi uas tsim ib tug politi lub koom haum. Thiab Shevchenko tau raug lees paub tias raws li muaj txim txhaum. Txawm tias kawm txoj moo zoo tsis tau los ua pov thawj kom meej meej nws kev sib raug zoo nrog Cyril mefodievtsami. Nws nyob rau hauv "txhaum" enjoin li yog muaj "outrageous" kwv huam nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus. Yog, txawm nyob rau hauv lub me me Lavxias teb sab lus. Txawm li cas los, tib yam nto moo Belinsky ntseeg hais tias "tau txais" nws rau nws zaj paj huam "npau suav". Rau nws - ib tug cuab satire rau tus huab tais thiab poj huab tais.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, 33-xyoo-laus Taras raug coj mus rau lub recruits. Xa raws li ib tug private nyob rau hauv lub Orenburg thaj av ntawd. Mus rau qhov twg nws merges nrog rau cov ntug ntawm Kazakhstan. Tab sis qhov phem tshaj plaws yog hais tias cov tub rog tau nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub sau dab tsi thiab kos.

Nws xa ib tsab ntawv mus Gogol, uas nws twb tsis tus kheej paub. Zhukovsky thiab xa lub hnab ntawv. Nrog rau daim ntawv thov rau niamtxiv txojkev hlub tshua nyob ib leeg rau nws - kev tso cai mus rau xim. Fussed tshaj nws thiab ntau ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb neeg. Tag nrho cov mus tsis muaj avail. Qhov no txiav npluav tsis rho tawm mus.

Ces Shevchenko coj li modeling, ua kom sov ua licas qhia lawv muaj tswv yim xwm. Ob peb phau ntawv tau sau - nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab. Qhov no, piv txwv li, "Ntxhais fuabtais", thiab "Artist" thiab ib tug "menyuam ntxaib". Lawv yog ib tug ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus los ntawm nws tus kheej biography.

Cov kws sau paj lug rov qab mus rau St. Petersburg nyob rau hauv 1857 raws li ib tug tag nrho plunged rau hauv cov paj huam thiab nyob rau hauv painting. Txawm tsev neeg xav kom muaj, tiam sis nws tsis tau.

Kuv coj nws tseem yog ib tug tsev kawm ntawv phau - rau cov neeg. Thiab nyob rau hauv Ukrainian, ntawm chav kawm, lus.

Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, nws tuag. Thaum xub thawj, nws raug faus nyob rau hauv lub zos toj ntxas. Ib ob peb lub hlis, raws li cov nyiaj ntawm lub kws sau paj lug, tsiv lub hleb nrog nws tshauv rau Ukraine. Thiab faus rau hauv lub Dnieper - on Chernecha roob. Nws yog nyob ze Kanev. Nws tsuas yog 47 xyoo.

Tsis monument Kobzar yog tsis nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Nws ntau perpetuation mus tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917. Sab nraum lub teb chaws, monuments rau tus koj tus neeg tsim Ukrainian diaspora.

Thaum nyob rau hauv 2014 lom 200th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm nws yug los, nws suav tag nrho cov monuments thiab lwm yam khoom, npe hu ua nyob rau hauv nws yawm. Lawv muab tawm rau 1060 nyob rau hauv 32 lub teb chaws. Thiab nyob rau txawv continents.