Yuav ua li cas yog North Asia? Qhov no yog Russia!

Asia - qhov loj tshaj plaws av loj ntawm cov ntiaj chaw lub ntiaj teb. Nws yog ib tug ib ncig ntawm contrasts. Ntawm no yog lub siab tshaj plaws taw tes saum toj no hiav txwv theem - Mount Everest, thiab tus nqi qis tshaj - lub tuag hiav txwv. Nws yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Asia lub coos dej - lub Yangtze. Muaj kuj yog ib tug tshwj xeeb Caspian hiav txwv. Qhov no yog ua tau ib tug lossis loj lub pas dej. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov teb chaws Asia - lub feem ntau populous ib feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, nruj 53 lub teb chaws nrog ib tug ntau yam ntawm haiv, hom lus thiab kab lis kev cai.

Ib thaj nyuag, Asia yuav tsum tau muab faib mus rau hauv sab hnub tuaj, South, Central thiab North. Qhov twg yog qhov kawg cov teb chaws Europe, North Asia pib?

Rossiyskaya Aziya

Nws yog txuam nrog Siberia sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg Esxias sab av loj. Nws yog bounded rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub Ural Toj siab nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub Kolyma dej, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm upland Kazakh steppe thiab lub Arctic hiav txwv nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb. Yog li ntawd, North Asia - ib lub roob ntau yam ntawm yav qab teb Siberia, lub Arctic kob territories ntawm Central Siberia, sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ib feem ntawm Siberia thiab sab hnub poob Siberian Tiaj.

thaj nta

Los ntawm cov West Siberian tiaj nto ntawm no yog ib feem ntawm cov neeg Esxias sab av loj ntawm lub nce maj mam mus rau sab hnub tuaj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tag nrho cov cheeb tsam yog inclined mus rau sab qaum teb, vim hais tias cov dej no nqa lawv cov dej los ntawm sab qab teb mus rau sab qaum teb thiab, ntawm chav kawm, mus rau lub phiab ntawm lub Arctic hiav txwv - Arctic.

Txoj kev nyab xeeb yog hnyav nyob rau hauv cov chaw, los ntawm lub hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm nws continental qab. Nws yog nyob rau hauv North Asia yog txias ncej ntawm peb sab qaum teb hemisphere.
Lub xeev ciam teb ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation kuj sau los ntawm cov cheeb tsam no, raws li North Asia. Lub teb chaws uas ciam teb rau Russia no - yog Kazakhstan (yav tas los koom pheej ntawm lub Soviet Union), Tuam Tshoj thiab Mongolia.

North Asia = Siberia

Niaj hnub nimno Siberia - yog, nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no lub moj khaum, lub teb chaws ntawm Russia, thaum dabneeg Siberian cheeb tsam ncua ntxiv rau sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm Kazakhstan thiab lub Lavxias teb sab Far East.

Ib thaj nyuag, North Asia (tsis suav Far East) yog muab faib mus rau hauv:
- East: lub koom pheej ntawm Yakutia, Buryatia, Tuva, Khakassia; cheeb tsam - Amur thiab Irkutsk; cheeb tsam - lub Trans-Baikal thiab Krasnoyarsk;
- West: Respublika Altay, Altai Krai; cheeb tsam - Kemerovo, Omsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Kurgansk thiab Tyumen (Yamal-Nenets thiab Hunts-Mansi autonomous cheeb tsam);
- Central Siberia;
- North-Eastern Siberia.

Tus qauv ntawm Lavxias teb sab Siberia nkag mus hauv lub XVI - XVII centuries. Niaj hnub no, nyob rau hauv nws ib ncig, uas yog xam yuav tsum tau sparsely populated, lub tsev mus rau cia li tshaj 19 vam tus neeg.

Punch

Lub sab qaum teb yog ib feem ntawm cov teb chaws Asia nrog rau qhov no set ntawm climatic tej yam kev mob muaj tshwj xeeb tej yam ntuj tso chaw.

Qhov no cheeb tsam yog nto moo rau nws ntau ntau yam biomes, los ntawm lub steppes mus rau lub Arctic suab puam. Txawm li cas los, lub biggest ib feem ntawm Siberia - Taiga. Tsis pom qhov twg nyob rau hauv Russia, nws tsis cuag li deb li deb mus rau sab qaum teb thiab mus ua tus kub sab qab teb, zoo li nyob rau hauv no ib feem ntawm sab qaum teb teb chaws Asia. Nyob rau hauv ib txhia qhov chaw hauv lub dav ntawm lub taiga tsam ntau tshaj 2000 km.
Vim lub kuj sov lub caij ntuj sov, taiga nroj tsuag loj hlob farther sab qaum teb ntawm lub Arctic vajvoog. Lub caij ntuj no, tsis muaj kub tej yam kev mob, tsis loj hlob hardwood ntoo vim hais tias Taiga maj mam creeping sab qab teb. Thaum no latitude nyob rau hauv Western Siberia yog steppes nyob rau hauv Eastern - deciduous hav zoov.

Lub ntsiab tsob ntoo ntawm North Asia hu ua larch. Nws yog txias lub caij cuam koob thiab ua siab ntev no. Kaw rau lub pas dej Baikal nyob rau hauv lub hav zoov koj yuav nrhiav tau cov Siberian ntoo thuv, ncha lub npe hu ua cedar.

Lub roob qhov chaw siab tshaj yog them nrog spruce-fir forests, thiab qhuav phiab nplua nuj steppe nroj tsuag.

Cov pejxeem ntawm sab qaum teb teb chaws Asia

Nyob rau hauv Siberia tsev mus rau ob peb paus txawm haiv neeg thiab haiv neeg.

Buryats

Qhov no ceg ntawm lub Mongolian haiv neeg, lub hauv paus txawm inhabitants ntawm Buryatia, Trans-Baikal ib ncig thiab cov Irkutsk Region. Buryats raug muab faib ua genera thiab cov tsev neeg, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm hwv ciaj ciam.

North Asia - yog lub tsev ntawm nomadic herdsmen, thiab cov Buryats yog tsis muaj exception. Zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov Mongolian haiv neeg, Buryat haiv neeg yog nyob rau hauv dej siab ntawm tus thiaj li hu ua "Black txoj kev ntseeg" - Tengrianism los yog shamanism.

Yakuts

Qhov loj tshaj plaws haiv neeg ntawm sab qaum teb teb chaws Asia - Yakuts. Qhov no txum tim cov pej xeem ntawm Yakutia, lawv hom lus - ib tug ntawm cov ceg ntawm cov Turkic pab pawg neeg. Tsoos txoj hauj lwm - nyuj. Yakuts yuav mus rau ib tug tshwj xeeb xyaum ua tej yam rau cov sau qoob rau hauv sab qaum teb latitudes nyob rau hauv ib tug sharply continental kev nyab xeeb nyob rau hauv nyuj. Tsis pub tsawg kev vam meej twb thwmsim nyob rau hauv cov ntses ua liaj ua teb, nees qe, blacksmithing thiab cov tub rog teeb meem, thiab cov lag luam tawm.

Txij li thaum lub sij hawm immemorial, lub Yakuts raug xam tias yog cov me nyuam ntawm niam Xwm, pe hawm thiab Revered mnogobozhestvu Aiyy shamanism. Los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua, North Asia greeted tus thawj Lavxias teb sab, thiab muaj ib tug loj heev hloov dua siab tshiab rau cov ntseeg Vajtswv tsis yog tsuas yog lub Yakuts, tab sis lub Chukchi, evens thiab lwm yam nationalities.

Qhov thib peb loj tshaj plaws kev haiv neeg nyob rau hauv Siberia - Tuva. Lawv yog cov hauv paus txawm mus Tuva. Niam tus nplaig - Tuvan derived ntawm Sayan pab pawg neeg ntawm Turkic lus. Feem ntau ntawm cov Tuvan - Buddhists, tab sis qhov chaw nyob ib tug yuav tsum muaj txoj kev ntseeg - shamanism.

Evenki

Los yog cov laus - Tungus. Evenki lus belongs rau tsev neeg ntawm Altaic lus, ib pab pawg neeg ntawm Tungus. Muaj ntau ntau dialects. Nationalism coj qhov chaw los ntawm nws cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Tungus pab pawg neeg los ntawm cov natives ntawm Eastern Siberia. Pawg lwm haiv tib peculiarities ntawm haiv neeg tau coj mus rau lub fact tias niaj hnub no muaj peb pab pawg uas sib txawv economic thiab kev cai no: lub fishermen, pastoralists thiab herders.

Altai

Lub npe ntawm lub hauv paus txawm Turkic-hais lus haiv neeg ntawm cov Altai. Ob pawg neeg ntawm cov ethnographic nta: lub sab qaum teb thiab yav qab teb Altai.