Yuav ua li cas yog lub mausoleum? Nto moo Mausoleums Ntiaj teb cov

Yuav ua li cas yog lub mausoleum? Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb zoo ntawm architectural lug, piv txwv uas yuav tam sim no muaj nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Thaum twg thiab nyob qhov twg cov thawj mausoleum ua tau? Yuav ua li cas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov vaj tse ntawm no hom? Thiab qhov twg yog qhov nto moo tshaj plaws tombs ntawm lub ntiaj teb no?

Yuav ua li cas yog lub mausoleum?

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua IV BC. e. nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm niaj hnub Qaib ntxhw, ua thawj nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm no hom. Nws yog Mausolus Mausoleum ntawm Halicarnassus - paub kav lub Carians. Gigantic qauv muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov Xya kev xav ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Nws sawv mus txog rau thaum lub Nrab Hnub nyoog thiab puas yog ib tug haib av qeeg. Niaj hnub no, los ntawm cov grandiose qhov ntxa ntawm King Mausolus tseem tsuas ruins, tab sis thaum nws ntsia heev majestic.

Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog qhov mausoleum? Lub sij hawm los ntawm Greek lo lus mausoleion, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog kev cob cog rua nrog lub npe ntawm carian King Mausolus. Qhov no yog ib tug monumental burial qauv nrog lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb chamber rau khaws cia seem, hmoov los yog embalmed tuag lub cev. Nyob rau hauv ib tug xws li kev tsim kho yuav tsum tau ob peb los yog faus crypts. Mausoleums tej zaum yuav cais Siv, los yog yuav tau ib feem ntawm lub tuam tsev, lub tsev teev ntuj.

Cov burial lug heev nrov nyob rau hauv Roman lub sij hawm, raws li tau zoo raws li nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog (nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub tuaj lub teb chaws). Nyob rau hauv lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua lub ntiaj teb no, ib tug tswv tsev ntawm grandiose mausoleums nplooj siab mus rau lub zoo-paub politicians thiab totalitarian cov thawj coj. Cov lawv - lub mausoleum ntawm V. I. Lenina (USSR), Gottwald (Czechoslovakia), Mao Zedong (Tuam Tshoj), Ho Shi Mina (Vietnam), Envera Hodzhi (Albania) thiab lwm tus neeg.

Peb to taub hais tias qhov no mausoleum. Tam sim no cia wb mus ib virtual ncig saib ntawm lub nto moo tshaj plaws mausoleums nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Mausoleum ntawm Khoja Ahmed Yasawi

Qhov no zoo ua luaj monument ntawm Oriental architecture yog nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Kazakhstan, nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Turkestan. Nws tau tsa rau lub ntxa ntawm tus kws sau paj lug Khoja Ahmed Yasavi, uas pab zoo heev rau cov kis ntawm Islam nyob rau hauv Central Asia. Cov kws sau paj lug tuag nyob rau hauv 1166, tab sis qhov kev siv ntawm no mausoleum pib tsuas yog ob tug centuries tom qab nws tuag.

Raws li archival cov ntaub ntawv, lub mausoleum ntawm Khoja Ahmed Yasavi ua tau nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm Tamerlane. Paub commander tus kheej txhais tau lub ciaj ciam ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej siv, thiab txawm muab tswv yim pom zoo rau nws kho kom zoo nkauj thiab sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj.

Mausoleum nruab nrab yog ib tug loj heev ib cov qauv uas muaj ntau ncaws thiab portals. Lub hauv paus rooj ntawm lub qhov ntxa yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog mas artistic carvings nyob rau hauv cov ntoo thiab kaus ntxhw. Qhov no monument ntawm architecture thiab keeb kwm yog ib tug UNESCO ntiaj teb cuab yeej cuab tam Site.

Ho Shi Mina Mausoleum

Lub ardent revolutionary Ho Chi Minh tsis nyob mus saib lub keeb kwm nrhiav ntawm ib tug unified thiab ywj siab nyab laj. Txawm li cas los, cov neeg pej xeem nrog qhib ntawm nws mausoleum coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1975 thaum lub Saigon tshuaj yav qab teb tub rog tau capitulated.

Architects grandiose siv nyob rau hauv cov nom Has txais hais tias lawv ua hauj lwm tshwm sim los ntawm Lenin lub mausoleum nyob rau hauv Moscow. Qhov no yog tshwm nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo xws li cov pyramidal qauv ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub Nyab Laj. Txawm li cas los, lub sab qaum kev ib lub mausoleum - heev qhabnias. Nws yog ib tug loj heev qauv nrog ib tug nyhav ib kab thiab peb-theem, ib tug raug Nyab laj, ru tsev.

Embalm lub Nyab Laj kav pab Moscow tshwj xeeb. Ho Shi Mina lub cev dag nyob rau hauv ib tug me me thiab dimly lub zes rau chav nyob rau hauv uas koj yuav mus rau ob xwb. Tham los yog coj cov duab nyob rau hauv chav no yog txwv tsis pub.

Lub mausoleum ntawm Kim Il Sung

Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub feem ntau kaw lub ntiaj teb no ntawm lub capital lus dag hauv lub cev ntawm lub "Great Thawj Coj" thiab "nyob mus ib txhis tus thawj tswj hwm" Kim Il Sung. Lub mausoleum ntawm tus pas ntsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub lush palace Kum-Susan. Ob peb txawv teb chaws neeg ncig teb chaw impressive tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas ib tug mausoleum nyob rau hauv Pyongyang, raws li cov ceremony ntawm nws mus xyuas. Ntawm no, txhua yam yog npaum li cas tougher thiab loj dua tshaj nyob rau hauv tib lub nom Has.

Tag nrho cov neeg uas xav mus xyuas lub qhov ntxa uas tus thawj coj tas txeeb koob yees duab thiab camcorders. Ces txhua txhua neeg mus ncig tebchaws ua tib zoo tshawb xyuas thiab ntsuam xyuas cov hlau ntes. Tom qab tag nrho cov txheej txheem cov qhua muab players nrog headphones thiab nqa los ntawm chav tsev rau chav tsev.

Thaum lub sij hawm no ncig saib headphones suab tu siab dab neeg hais txog tus poj poob ntawm Korean neeg. Thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv lub xeem chav tsev, zes rau los ntawm ib tug lub teeb liab, muaj ib tug iav sarcophagus nrog lub embalmed lub cev ntawm Kim Il Sung. Raws li cov kev cai, nws yuav tsum khoov peb lub sij hawm.