Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho chaw? Lub chaw raws li ib feem ntawm kev hais lus

Nco ntsoov tag nrho cov me nyuam kawm ntawv paub li cas rau chaw. Tiam sis muaj ntau tus neeg laus uas yuav yuav nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis los teb lo lus nug no. Nrog txawm lub feem ntau yooj yim tej yam uas yog tsis nco qab lawm thaum lub sij hawm. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv qib chaw kawm nyob rau hauv kom meej? Qib 4, 5, 6 ... Yuav ua li cas ntev dhau los nws yog! Peb muaj rov qab mus rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo, thiab mus ua tshiab lub cim xeeb.

Independent ib feem ntawm kev hais lus

Chaw nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab lus teb rau cov lus nug "li cas", "dab tsi", "yuav ua li cas", "dab tsi", "uas nws", "ib tug neeg", "uas nws", "uas nws" thiab yog hais txog tus kwv lossis. Hloov nws los ntawm cov xov tooj, me nyuam yug, cov ntaub ntawv, yuav muaj ib tug luv luv daim ntawv. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nws zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv kab lus txhais, tab sis tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug predicate.

ntswg

Lub chaw raws li ib tug ib feem ntawm kev hais lus yog tsuas yog ib invariable morphological feature - no. Faib zoo, possessive, txheeb ze lus units. Peb yuav qhia koj txog txhua theem nyob rau hauv kom meej.

zoo adjectives

xws li ib tug paug lo lus teb rau lo lus nug "li cas", "dab tsi", "yuav ua li cas", "dab tsi" thiab xaiv tus kos npe rau ntawm uas yuav muaj ib tug ntau dua los yog tsawg degree. Zoo adjectives yuav mus zoo nrog lub adverbs "heev", "heev" thiab lawv txhais, piv txwv li, yog zoo nkauj heev, loj heev, heev ntse.

Los ntawm cov lus los ntawm rov qab ua dua compound adjectives peev xwm yuav tsim, piv txwv li, loj loj, loj, cua, qab. Nws yog tseem tau mus muab ib prefix lo lus thiab tau txais tsis ua cognate chaw, e.g., tiaj, txawj ntse. Feem ntau, high-zoo yam ntxwv lus units yog txhais ntxeev (siab - tsis tshua muaj), thiab nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub txawm spook (loj - lossis loj). Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tsis tag nrho cov lus xov rau cov yam ntxwv, tseem muaj cov neeg uas tsis ua raws li cov kev.

daim ntawv ntawm cov lus

Lub peculiarity ntawm qhov zoo adjectives muaj nyob rau hauv lub fact tias muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv muaj ib tug ua kom tiav thiab meej daim ntawv no, piv txwv li, ib tug ntse - ntse, qab - cua. Nyob rau hauv luv luv no daim ntawv tsis xav, thiab tag nrho cov tsis yeem rau cov ntaub ntawv, yog txivneej los pojniam, tus xov tooj. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv luv luv ua ke yog predicate adjectives thiab tag nrho - kev txiav txim. Ib txhia lus tsis muaj ib tug luv luv daim ntawv, piv txwv li, razlyubezny, tus phooj ywg, thaum lwm tus neeg tsis muaj tag nrho, piv txwv li, npaum li cas, muaj kev xav tau, yuav tsum tau, kuv zoo siab.

degrees ntawm kev sib piv

Cov zaj dab neeg uas chaw yuav tsis muaj tiav yog tias koj tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam xws li ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm no ib feem ntawm tus hais lus, raws li cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kev sib piv. Kos npe rau cim rau zoo lus units. Muaj peb degrees ntawm kev sib piv:

1) zoo, qhia tias yam khoom los sis pab pawg neeg ntawm cov khoom muaj ib co heev nta xws li ib tug zoo nkauj paj;

2) kev sib piv qhia hais tias ib tug kev feature nyob rau hauv ib yam khoom los yog cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov khoom qhia ntau yam pauv loj tshaj hais tias ntawm lub lwm yam (s), piv txwv li, hma ntau dua tshaj luav, los yog los ntawm tib lub kawm (tib yam kev kawm), tab sis nyob rau hauv lwm lub sij hawm, e.g., nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej yuav tsum ntse tshaj;

3) zoo heev, cim tias seb thaum uas ib tug kwv los yog teem los ntawm cov khoom muaj ib co heev nta mus rau ib tug ntau dua twg tag nrho cov lwm yam khoom los ntawm tib lub pab pawg neeg, rau Piv txwv li, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tus kws kho mob nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob, tus muaj zog uas ua ntawv rau pab neeg no.

Chaw daim ntawv nyob rau hauv lub comparative degree yog tau los ntawm kev siv ntawm ntxiv lus, piv txwv li, feem ntau zoo nkauj thiab ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub ib feem ntawm kev hais lus ua ib tug tivthaiv, los yog, raws li lawv hais tias, ib tug analytical daim ntawv. Thaum muab piv rau cov theem ntawm qhia tsuas yog ib lo lus, rau hauv daim ntawv hu ua yooj yim los yog hluavtaws. Yuav tsum ua kom pom tseeb rau hauv lub fact tias cov comparative thiab superlative degree tej zaum yuav tsis muaj tag nrho cov adjectives. Raws li, cov qeb ntawm tsis zoo, xws yam ntxwv yog tsis xam qhovkev.

txheeb ze adjectives

Qhov no lus units, teb cov nqe lus nug "uas nws '' uas nws '' uas nws '' ib tug neeg 'thiab designating ib tug kos npe rau hais tias ib tug ntau dua los yog tsawg degree yuav tsis yooj yim sua. Lawv qhia ib tug kawm uas muaj feem rau ib yam kev kawm (tswb ntawm qhov rooj), rau cov cuab yeej (ntxuav cov hmoov) rau cov khoom (iav hub), qhov chaw (Moscow lub tsev hais plaub) rau lub sij hawm (lub kaum hli ntuj hnub), mus rau cov kev ntsuas unit (peb-storey tsev, ib tug xya-xyoo tus me nyuam, phaus pob), thiab hais txog. Tej adjectives yuav tsis tau ua ke nrog adverbs "heev", "heev" thiab lawv txhais, tsis muaj ib tug luv luv daim ntawv degrees ntawm kev sib piv. Lawv kuj ua tsis tau txhais ntxeev.

possessive adjectives

Cov lus teb cov lus nug "uas nws '' uas nws '' uas nws '' ib tug neeg, thiab sawv cev rau ib tug tej yam khoom belongs rau cov neeg los yog nyob zeej, piv txwv li, tus muam tus, leej txiv lub, hma liab. Cov lus units raws li nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los cov ntaub ntawv, muaj degrees ntawm kev sib piv, txhais ntxeev, luv luv daim ntawv no, tsis tau ua ke nrog adverbs "heev", "heev" thiab lawv txhais.

ciam teb ntswg

Narrating dab tsi ib qho chaw, nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev ib feature. Lub fact tias cov lexical thiab grammatical lo lus rau ib thaj tsam ntawm lub qhov chaw ntawm kev hais lus yog heev mobile, li ntawd, nws yog tej thaum nyuaj rau txiav txim seb txoj cai qeb. Yog li ntawd, possessive, txheeb ze adjectives yooj yim yuav coj ib tug zoo nqi. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov kab lus "cov dev paw", lo lus "aub" yog ib tug possessive chaw nyob rau hauv cov kab lus "cov dev pob" - ib tug txheeb ze, raws li nyob rau hauv cov kab lus "aub lub neej" - zoo.

hom declination

Cov lus hais txog qhov kev xam ntawm cov nqe lus nug peb yuav lean on cov ntaub ntawv, xov tooj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub zoo tshaj yog tseem nyob rau tawm. Qhov no siv tsis tau rau ib tug sib piv chaw degree thiab cos adjectives yog tsis inclined. Muaj ib tug tej yam muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm indeclinable lus, piv txwv li, tsho loj beige.

Case, xov tooj, cov tub los ntxhais adjectives nyob ntawm seb cov tib yam ntxwv ntawm npe uas lawv pom zoo. Nyob rau hauv lub substrate, muaj peb variants ntawm declination:

• khoom: dawb, dawb, dawb ;
• mos: lub caij ntuj no, caij ntuj no, caij ntuj no;
• Mixed: phem, phem, kev phem.

derivation

Lub chaw raws li ib feem ntawm kev hais lus muaj peev xwm yuav tsim nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev:

• platformers: xyiv fab - joyless;
• suffixed: hav iav - hav iav;
• platformers-suffixed: av - underground;
• compounding ntawm ob bases: peb cov xim - tri-xim, thiab daj ntseg liab - daj ntseg liab;
• slozhnosuffiksalnym: Flax noob + + tu - lnosemyaochistitelny.

morphological tsom xam

Thaum lub tsev kawm ntawv feem ntau heev cov zaj lus qhia ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus xib fwb muab cov me nyuam ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm yuav ua rau ib tug morphological tsom xam cov lus teej tug mus rau ib tug los yog lwm ib feem ntawm kev hais lus. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau lub tsom xam ntawm lub chaw? Ua li no, koj yuav tsum txiav txim raws li nram no cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib hom lus unit:

1. Grammatical lub ntsiab lus.
2. Daim ntawv pib, piv txwv li hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov txiv neej yog txivneej los pojniam, nominative, zoo tshaj. Piv txwv li, lub chaw "phem" yog cov daim ntawv pib ntawm lo lus "zoo."
3. Cob phum tej yam tshwm sim. Raws li koj nco qab, tsuas yog ib tug xws kos npe rau - tshem tawm. Lub chaw "phem" yog qhov zoo tshaj.
4. Lus nta: zoo (luv luv / full), cov neeg kawm ntawv ntawm kev sib piv (comparative / zoo / zoo heev), yog pojniam los txivneej, tus nab npawb. Thawj ob kev (daim ntawv thiab degree ntawm kev sib piv) yog hais rau cov zoo adjectives. Piv txwv li, peb ntsuam ntawm lo lus "phem" yuav tsum: yog siv nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov niaj hnub, zoo degree ntawm kev sib piv, genitive masculine zoo tshaj.
5. Syntactic lub luag hauj lwm: cov predicate los yog kev txiav txim. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, lub chaw "phem" yog lub ntsiab txhais.

Cov kev hloov mus rau lwm yam chaw ntawm kev hais lus

Nyob rau hauv cov qeb ntawm adjectives feem ntau kis tau lub cim nco txog thiab tej lus. Piv txwv li, ib tug tshuab raj los ntawm nws tsis muaj. Nyob rau hauv lem, tus adjectives yuav substantivised nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm nouns, piv txwv li, cov tub rog, Lavxias teb sab.

Nta ntawm no ib feem ntawm kev hais lus nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus

Hopefully, ua tsaug rau tsab xov xwm koj twb tau kom koj nco ntsoov li cas rau chaw. Nws yog hais tias tsis yog txhua txhua ntawm cov yam ntxwv xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv no ib feem ntawm tus hais lus nyob rau hauv lub Lavxias teb sab lus, yuav muab qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus systems. Piv txwv li, lub adjectives nyob rau hauv lus Askiv nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj thiab cov ntaub ntawv yog tsis tau hloov, lub Fabkis - thiab tsis lean on tus neeg mob, tab sis txawv nyob rau hauv cov xov tooj. Nyob rau hauv Japanese adjectives feem ntau immutable, lawv muaj lub sij hawm thiab txiav txim seb kuv hais lus. Nyob rau hauv Portuguese thiab lus Mev, muaj ntau adjectives muaj rau cov txiv neej thiab poj niam kev zoo, thaum lwm tus neeg sib txawv los ntawm cov tub los ntxhais thiab tus xov tooj. Qhov ntawd yog yuav ua li cas nws yog tsis yooj yim nrog hais tias ib feem ntawm cov nqe lus nug!

Tam sim no koj muaj peev xwm qhia tag nrho txog adjectives. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, peb tau kawm tsis yog txhua txhua yam ntxwv ntawm ib sab ntawm kev hais lus, thiab cuam tshuam tsuas yog tus yooj yim nta. Tab sis qhov no yog txaus rau tag nrho cov kev loj hlob.