Marquetry - yog dab tsi? Marquetry ntoo rau beginners: ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub tshuab, tswv yim

Ntoo nyob rau sab hauv raws li ib tug décor yuav siv tau universally. Oak, Juniper, Walnut, tshauv, lws suav, mahogany - xim palette yog li ntawd ntau haiv neeg hais tias txawm tus qauv yooj yim zoo li amazing. Thiab tej zaum nws yuav tsis muaj lub sij hawm mus yuav cov rooj tog uas ua los ntawm kim ntoo, ib tug txheej txheem ntawm marquetry ntoo tso cai rau koj los decorate lub sab hauv, zoo heev txo tus nqi. Txawm yog hais tias koj siv ib tug kuj pheej yig ntaub ntawv, rooj tog zaum zoo elegant thiab tseem cia nrog.

Uas txhais tau tias "marquetry"

Thaum ib tug newbie thawj hnov lo lus no, nws nug: "marquetry - yog dab tsi?" Marqueterie lub sij hawm coj los ntawm cov lus Fab Kis, txhais txhais tau tias "mosaic." Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog raws li nram no: nyias phiaj precious ntoo yog sau nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib drawing, thiab glued mus rau puag. Nws yog zoo ntawm inlay. Lub hauv paus yuav ua tau qhov nyuaj ntoo. Nyob rau hauv lub phaj siv, qhov thiaj li hu ua splicing (nyob rau hauv German txhais tau tias "chips"), ib tug tuab tsis tau siab tshaj 3 hli, ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov xim thiab kev ntxhib los mos. Ntawm lawv thiab tsim tau ib mosaic daim duab ntawm extraordinary kev zoo nkauj, kho rooj tog, cov phab ntsa, plag tsev, ceilings.

keeb kwm ntaub ntawv

Raws li zaum, kos duab historians, ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los, tus marquetry txheej txheem tau paub. Thaum lub sij hawm lub excavation ntawm ancient tombs ntawm lub Pharaohs pom cim daim siv mosaic ua los ntawm cedar thiab ebony. Masters ntawm Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Rome kuj ntse siv nws nyob rau hauv dai kom zoo ntawm vaj tse thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov rooj tog. Thaum lub sij hawm Renaissance, muaj yog ib tug haib txhob nyob rau hauv cov kev feem: lub invention ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab ua nws tau mus teev ntau lawm ntawm sawn veneer, veneer rooj tog thiab tseem ceeb ntoo kis tau ib tug loj cim. Cov pejxeem yuav siv sij hawm ib tug txaus siab nyob rau hauv marquetry, nws yog dab tsi, nws yeej paub yuav luag txhua leej txhua tus. Tus ntoo mosaic tsis yog tsuas yog nrov, tab sis kuj pheej yig dua. Peb siv li mus rau pua pua ntawm tsiaj ntawm cov ntoo, lawv nplua nuj xim palette thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm textures muaj peev xwm tsim tiag tiag masterpieces.

Nyob rau hauv lub 18th xyoo pua ib tug ntoo mosaic kos duab tau tuaj mus rau Russia. Dialing mosaic siv los decorate cov plag tsev, cov phab ntsa, qhov rooj, rooj tog zaum. Cov feem nrov kawm nyob rau hauv cov hnub twb scenes los ntawm cov phau Vajlugkub, tej yam ntuj tso motifs, ua hauj lwm, geometric qauv. Nrog txoj kev, masters tsim caag tshiab: engraving, etching, embellishment, tiv cav tseb. Qhov no pub rau ntau dua li ib txwm hais, zoo tib yam rau cov thawj thiab qhia cov originality thiab yog leejtwg tiag ntawm tus tswv.

Niaj hnub no marquetry txheej txheem yog tsis tsawg nrov. Tus ntoo mosaic yog tsis tsuas yog siv rau kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub sab hauv thiab rooj tog zaum, tab sis kuj yuav tsim kev zoo nkauj murals, paintings, cov phab ntsa panels, tsuas-iav qhov rais.

Xaiv veneer: lub tswv yim rau beginners

Raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam ntaub ntawv, ntawm no yog koj xav tau kev. Ib tug neeg thawj pib mus ua hauj lwm, muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov lus nug, ib tug ntau nkawd nyuab, xws li cov heev lub ntsiab lus ntawm marquetry, nws yog dab tsi, thiab qhov yooj yim Cheebtsam ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no. Lub tswv yim tej craftsmen heev piv cov neeg ua hauj lwm thiab ua rau txoj kev lom zem. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj xaiv lub veneer yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov hais tias hais tias nws cov xim hloov tom qab lub sib tsoo thiab ua ntawm lacquer. Pab novice tshwj xeeb palette nyob rau hauv uas lub veneer daim hlau teem nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog, los ntawm sib zog rau ib tsos tsaus tsawv. Yog li ntawd tsis mus nrhiav txoj cai ntxoov ntxoo siv qhov yooj yim kev cai lij choj ntawm technology - txoj kev cai contrasts. Nws hloov tawm hais tias lub tib yam qauv yuav zoo sib txawv yog koj siv cov veneer ntawm txawv textures thiab cov xim. Thiab ib tug ntau ua kom yuam kev no: txhua tus phaj rau ib sab yuav coated nrog ib tug kua roj vanish kom muaj ib tug ua tiav daim duab ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej xim.

teeb pom kev zoo

Kev teeb pom kev zoo yog dejnum rau yav tom ntej hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv lub dim, los yog, conversely, ib yam nkaus thiab kaj, ib qho yooj yim los mus ua kom cov tsis ncaj ncees lawm kev xaiv ntawm cov xim. Zoo ntuj ambient lub teeb, los yog raws li nyob ze rau nws dag teeb pom kev zoo.

Riam cuab tam: yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau lub feem ntau

Lub ntsiab ntaus ntawv yog ib tug tswv ntawm tshwj xeeb steel riam nrog ib tug ca beveled hniav. Yog hais tias koj tsis nrhiav tau ib tug npaj txhij muag, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los mus ua kom koj tus kheej tawm ntawm ib tug kws kho riam phais neeg. Nws yog feem ntau tsim nyog los blunt lub winepress nyob rau tag nrho ntev thiab muab tus kov. Los yog koj yuav cia li qhwv nws nrog cov sab ib feem ntawm ciav daim kab xev. Xwb, nws yog ua tau los txhim kho lub rab chais, rau blunt nws qis ib feem, kom tsis txhob txiav ntiv tes thiab qhwv nrog hluav taws xob kab xev los yog duct daim kab xev. Tej cuab yeej yuav tsum muaj ntau: rau me me thiab loj loj kom paub meej. Los ntawm dab tsi tau manufactured Txawm riam cutter, lub ntsiab tsis yog cov nram no: hniav thickness - los ntawm 1 mus rau 1.5 hli, dav - los ntawm 10 mus rau 15 hli, ntev - los ntawm 15 mus rau 20 mm, chamfer lub - 30-45 degrees.

Basic cov cuab yeej rau marquetry

Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb cov lus uas muaj ib tug zij sab saum toj, them nrog txhav polystyrene. Yog hais tias xws li yog tsis tau npaj ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib lub hau nrog rau ib tug nqes hav thiab nws siv rau ib tug dog dig rooj raws li ib tug ua hauj lwm saum npoo av. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub riam, koj yuav tsum tau:

• Bar koob qhia hais tias. Riam hliav yog pom zoo tam sim ntawd ua ntej pib ua hauj lwm. Siv ib tug tshwj xeeb sharpening pob zeb rau cov dej no-ntub. Hliav - ib tug me txheej txheem. Nws tsis pom zoo kom siv ib tug hluav taws xob grindstone, yog li ntawd koj yuav hlawv tej ntug ntawm lub riam.
• Sib Tsoo daim tawv nqaij. Nws yog siv rau cov hniav hloov lub sij hawm zov me nyuam. Feem ntau, ib tug me me daim muab tshuaj txhuam rau ib daim txiag ntoo. Txij li thaum rab riam txiav veneer meej tsis tearing ntug, lub hlais yog tau txig tiaj veneer suab tsis crumble thiab lub Cheebtsam yooj yim tau ntawm ib tug khoom.
• Carbon ntawv.
• Whatman.
• Tej yam yooj yim cwj mem.
• Gel cwj mem dub.
• Line.
• Lwv.
• PVA nplaum.
• Nitrocellulose lacquer.
• Laum nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb nozzle kev sib tsoo.
• Ntwav txhuam ntoo nrog txawv grits.
• Button.
• Gummed daim kab xev.
• Xovxwm.
• Sponges.
• Button.

Qhov zoo ntawm gummed daim kab xev

Feem ntau tej masters qhia secrets nrog cov tuaj tshiab, qhia ntawm marquetry, nws yog dab tsi, dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb cov cuab yeej thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv, nco ntsoov taw tes rau cov kev paub meej thiab tau uas tsis nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Piv txwv li, koj muaj peev xwm siv tsis tau rau daim kab xev los ntawm nws muaj ib co kua nplaum ntawm kua nplaum, los ntawm uas nws yog ib qhov nyuaj uas yuav tau tshem ntawm. Yog li ntawd, qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv - yog Muab tej daim kab xev, ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv sawb, ib sab ntawm uas yog kho nrog kua nplaum. Thaum ntxoov nrog dej ib tug thib ob sab kuj yuav nplaum. Thaum yuav koj yuav tsum tsis txhob xaiv heev wide ribbon, nws yog yooj yim mus ua hauj lwm nrog me me kom paub meej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav tsum txiav mus rau hauv me me ib daim hlab.

Tsim marquetry cov kauj ruam

1. Thawj los lub tswv yim ntawm painting, npaj ib tug sketch rau ntawm daim ntawv thiab applied contour duab. Cov txheej txheem ntawm marquetry designs - yog lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov raboty.Na lawv muaj ua thaum tus neeg qhov chaw npaj txhij thiab daim ntau quav tso rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho cov duab. Lawv npaj nyob rau hauv ib tug scale of 1: 1, los yog ntau tshaj precisely, lawv yog cov template ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej daim duab, tag nrho cov lus raug nteg thiab fastened mus rau lawv. Nuj nqis rau marquetry yuav tsum tsim manually los yog theej los ntawm lub twb tiav hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no nws yuav tsub rau cov kev kawm loj, me, thiab pauv mus rau ib daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv. Beginners yog pom zoo kom siv teeb ntawv. Yog hais tias koj yeej cia li tau txais pib nrog cov txheej txheem no, nws tseem pab tau mus xyuas ob peb lub tswv cov chav kawm nyob rau hauv marquetry ntoo rau beginners to taub qhov yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau thiab technology secrets.

2. Ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim duab, ib txhia masked, cov artist sij ib lub teeb thiab tsaus ntuj nti, ces xaiv qhov yog xim veneer. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ntxoov ntxoo, thiab tsis zoo ntawm cov ntoo thiab nws cov nqi.

3. Nyob rau ib tug ntoo los luj nrog kev pab los ntawm cov pa roj carbon ntawv yog muaj ntaub ntawv rau hauv lub tiav lawm layout.

4. Cov qhov chaw ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg yog txiav los ntawm lub veneer riam thiab manually ntxiv mus rau lub mosaic qauv.

5. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, tus txheej txheem tso cai marquetry los ntawm firing ntawm ib tug neeg qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub quartz xuab zeb, thiab uas tseg tau cov engraving.

6. Tag nrho cov khoom yog muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv rov qab sab ntawm daim ntawv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsau nrog nplaum kab xev. Loj qhov chaw ntawm muaj pes tsawg leeg yog pom zoo kom quav.

7. Saum toj no rau yav tom ntej mosaic greased nrog kua nplaum thiab nias mus rau lub substrate. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, lub hlau los yog hlau, ntxiv mus rau qhov chaw ntawm cov xovxwm pes tsawg leeg.

8. Thaum cov kua nplaum dries, lub nplaum kab xev yog muab tshem tawm.

9. Cov duab sanded thiab varnished. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, tso rau hauv tus ncej.

Hais tias yog tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab, yog tias koj ua raws li cov kev cai. Zoo qhov chaw yuav pib mus coj ib tug ntau yooj yim pes tsawg leeg, maj mam tsiv mus nyob rau ntau txoj. Kev - qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov phooj ywg thiab cov duab ntawm paub.