YOG Turgenev. Txoj kev uas lub "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas"

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev mus ib txhis nkag mus hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, thiab yeej yog ib qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub siab lub ntsws ntawm lab ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm nws ua hauj lwm ua tsaug rau cov poetic prose, muaj kev hlub rau Russia, tab sis kuj permeates txhua kab tseeb hais txog lub neej ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub XIX caug xyoo. Tsis yog sau dab tsi nws pom banal paraphrase Turgenev.

"Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas" yuav mus rau cov qeb ntawm cov ntawv tseeb, uas yog hu ua txawj paj huam nyob rau hauv prose.

Xws li ib tug siab tau - ib tug tribute rau kev paub qhia lo thiab lub siab lub ntsws khov.

Cov ntawv ntawm "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas" - ib tug zoo heev tshwm sim rau lub Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg

Dab neeg, daig nyob rau hauv no sau tau tsim maj. Tus thawj lub sij hawm lawv tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho nyob rau hauv 1852 (Txawm li cas los, peb cov dab neeg nyob rau hauv "Cim" tom qab). txawj sau ntawv lub koob meej nyob rau hauv tsev tom qab lawv ntawv yog loj loj. Txawm huab tais Alexander II ntau tshaj li ib zaug hugely nyeem phau ntawv no, uas yog sau los ntawm Ivan Turgenev ( "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas"). Lub ntsiab cim ntawm cov dab neeg qab ntsoov sib tham nyob rau hauv lub neej thiab paub tag nrho cov kawm ntawv Lavxias teb sab. Ivan Sergeyevich, raws li ib tug yeej muaj tseeb tus tswv ntawm lo lus, tau muaj kev tswj los mus tsim cim artistic dluab thiab muaj feem xyuam rau lawv lub teb chaws ntsuj plig.

Nees nkaum-tsib dab neeg ua ke cwm pwm ntawm tib hais dabneeg. Nws yog tus tswv tsev ntawm lub Oryol xeev, tus saib xyuas?, Uas, mus rau tom ntej no mus yos hav zoov, incidentally pom ib yam dab tsi, paub tias nws, hais lus rau cov neeg. Nws yog tej kev cai no thiab eloquent. Undoubtedly, nws lub qhov ncauj hais lus Turgenev. Txoj kev uas lub "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas" - nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lawv cov protagonists. zaj dabneeg ib hom ntawv nyeem yog tsis yog yuav muaj tseeb thiab ntiaj teb no kos txawj dluab. Zuag qhia tag nrho daim duab yog twv raws li yog hais tias tus neeg tus cwj nrag. Cim lyrical daim duab ntawm lub teb chaws lub neej, uas muaj cov Lavxias teb sab ntsuj plig, tsim cov zaj dabneeg "Polecat thiab Kalinych", "Kasyan", "Singers", "Bezhin lub tiaj nyom." Lwm yam dab neeg yog xav paub ntau ntxiv, xws li "Hamlet Schigrovskogo County", "county tus kws kho mob".

Thawj cov cim, "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas"

Txawm li cas los, cov kws ntawv yog sparing tsis muaj dag zog rau gritty, ncauj lus kom ntxaws, muaj tiag daim duab ntawm lub yeej muaj tseeb lub neej zoo tib yam tib neeg. Nws tswj kom pom cov kev sib raug zoo txawm nyob rau hauv lub kev sib raug zoo tswv thiab serf. Txawm no pom tshiab tua, tsis cev qhev, tab sis ib tug zoo tib neeg kev sib raug zoo Turgenev. Txoj kev uas lub "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas" qhia rau peb yuav ua li cas ib tug educated, txawj ntse thiab siab zoo Polecat yog cov phooj ywg nrog nws serfs Kalinych. Thiab muaj nyob ntawm no tsis muaj kev thaiv kev, tsis muaj kev khib rau hauv ib tes, los yog thuam - nyob rau lwm yam. Tseeb, xws yog lub Lavxias teb sab - cov zej zog hauv lub teb chaws. Thiab tsis yog rau ib yam dab tsi tom qab ntawd, muaj ntau yam revolutionary Democrats, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub Bolsheviks, nws sim los kos ib txog kev mus rau lub neej yav tom ntej los ntawm kev kawm thiab hloov siab lees txim. Yuavtsum tau kawm uantej rau qhov no yog. Hais txog lawv - zaj dab neeg "Polecat thiab Kalinych".

Muaj Lavxias teb sab neeg thiab sib sib zog nqus, tab sis tsis ostentatious sab ntsuj plig! Yog li ntawd xav tias cov txawj sau ntawv. Nws sab ntsuj plig cim Kasyan los ntawm cov zoo nkauj Swords, uas kav feat ntawm kev ruam, kev yaum thiab cov cim. Nws yog zoo li tus tswm ciab, illuminating tag nrho cov nyob ib ncig ntawm. "Muaj ib tug yav tom ntej rau lub teb chaws no!", - hais tias Ivan S., qhia rau peb txog sib txuas lus cov hluas, uas coj tus nees thaum hmo ntuj. Txhua tug me nyuam tub muaj tus ntsuj plig, kev xav, kev sib txuas lus nrog rau lawv cov haiv neeg teb chaws.

Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thiab insolvency serfdom sau Turgenev. Txoj kev uas lub "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas" qhia tau hais tias peb unflattering dluab ntawm lub sij poob, poob nrog cov neeg ntawm lub tswv av - Penochkin, Stegunova thiab Zverkov. Txawm li cas los txawj sau ntawv tsis muaj txoj kev desirability thiab qhia tau hais tias pej xeem txaus ntshai cov neeg pluag riots (zaj dab neeg "ub"). Ntshav thiab ua nruj ua tsiv li lub ntsiab rau kev teeb meem yog tsis tsim nyog rau Russia, yog ib tug classic.

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Heev raws sij hawm Turgenev sau nws phau ntawv. Txoj kev uas lub "Sau ntawv ntawm ib tug saib xyuas" yoojyim tsis muaj tsis ntseeg tias lawv ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab ntawm tag nrho cov nplais ntawm cov haiv neeg yuav tau lub abolition ntawm serfdom nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem txaus siab. Live, cim pej xeem dluab Lukeria ( "nyob lub hwj chim"), Arina ( "Ermolai thiab Miller"), Yashka-Turk ( "Singers"), tsis sib tawb thiaj nrog cov neeg, muab ib tug siab ntawm ib tug unified teb chaws bar, lub zej lub zos, Cathedral ntawm Lavxias teb sab neeg. Excellence yog lub siab tshaj plaws paub hais tias tag nrho cov dab neeg ntawm Turgenev hais tau tib yam. Qhov tseeb hais tias serfdom outlived, thiab tso tawm nyob rau hauv Turgenev tus cim neeg zoo nkauj, cim, thiab muaj peev xwm tsis yog txhais tau ib tug qhev.