Yakov Kostyukovsky: biography, cov duab, cov phau ntawv thiab scripts

Blockbusters ntawm lub Soviet era nyob twj ywm hnub no, txawm nrog tus tam sim no muaj ntau haiv neeg ntawm films, feem ntau nrov ntawm zoo tib yam Russians. Peb nco ntsoov thiab hlub tus zaj duab xis "Pob zeb diamond tes", "lag luam Y", "Raug Kaw Nkuaj ntawm lub Caucasus" thiab "incorrigible dag", tab sis ob peb yeej paub hais tias lub scripts rau tag nrho cov ntawm cov paintings twb sau los ntawm ib tug neeg, txawj sau ntawv, playwright thiab sau zaj nkauj Yakhauj Kostyukovsky. Hmoo tau muab tus txiv neej no txawj txuj ci thiab ib tug zoo kawg li kev txiav txim zoo ntawm kev lom zem, uas rescued nws lub neej.

biography

Yav tom ntej Soviet txawj sau ntawv tau yug los nyob rau hauv Ukraine nyob rau hauv ib tug me me lub zos hu ua Zolotonosha Cherkasy cheeb tsam Lub yim hli ntuj 23, 1921, mus rau hauv ib tug Jewish tsev neeg. Cov txiv yog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog kuv, qhov uas nws khwv tau ib tug tsim txiaj tub rog puav pheej rau kev ua siab loj thiab ua ke. Nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg uas raug xaiv los txais cov George Cross yog zoo tsis yooj yim sua. Qhov puav pheej tau muab ib tug xov tooj ntawm tsim nyog, nrog rau txoj cai mus sau npe kawm nyob rau hauv ib tug prestigious tsev kawm ntawv, nws tus txiv Yakova Kostyukovskogo puav pheej muab rau nws tus tij laug, yog li ntawd nws tau los ua ib tug kws kho mob.

Tsis ntev tom qab nws tus tub yug, tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Kharkov, nyob qhov twg nws coj tus hluas txawj sau ntawv. Cov tsev neeg yog tsis adhered mus rau lub yawg suab Jewish sawv, thiab tus tub paub xwb Ukrainian thiab Lavxias teb sab. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, Yakhauj Kostyukovsky li zoo li ib tug ntau ntawm cov hais mav uas era, admired thiab Revered Stalin cwm pwm. Txawm li cas los, nws niam piav rau nws heev sai sai, dua li nws yeej yog "naas ej" cov thawj coj ntawm cov neeg thiab yog vim li cas nws qhuas ntawm txhua lub xov tooj cua. Kostyukovsky tom qab hais tias nyob rau hauv kev sib tham hais tias nws yog nws tus thawj nom tswv zaj lus qhia.

Kev loj hlob ntawm tswv yim muaj peev xwm

Lub Seme Kostyukovsky heev feem ntau tau ntsib interesting, kawm ntawv cov neeg, nrog rau Rabbi Sandler. Tej zaum nws tham mus rau cov me nyuam tub, ntaus nws nrog lawv witty, cos lus thiab bold saib. Yakov Kostyukovsky kawm nyeem lo lus "Izvestia" cov ntawv xov xwm, kuj cov phooj ywg ntawm nws txiv yeej ib txwm coj nthuav cov phau ntawv thiab cov phau ntawv Magazine rau tus tub. Tus phooj ywg sib tham txog cov ntaub ntawv thiab keeb kwm, zoo siab thiab ua khub - tag nrho cov no pab mus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tswv yim muaj peev xwm ntawm tus me nyuam.

Nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv, nws tau mus kawm cov zajlus vajvoog, qhov uas nws tau kawm txog txoj lwm yam, yeej thiab nta lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws. Thaum tseem muaj ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv, nws sau rau lub tsev kawm ntawv phab ntsa xov xwm comic dab neeg, kwv huam, epigrams, hlub mus qhia cov tswvyim thiab mus hais lus cam nrog koj cov phooj ywg. Cov niam txiv sim los tsim nws muaj tswv yim muaj peev xwm thiab xa cov me Yakhauj nyob rau hauv cov zajlus studio rau ntawm lub nroog Palace ntawm Tho muaj npe tom qab P. Postysheva. Nws yog ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob qhov twg budding sau ntawv tau kev nyob rau hauv lub ces paub sau NP Trubailina.

kev kawm

Yakov Kostyukovsky txij thaum yau differed perseverance thiab persistence nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv, cov kawm ntawv nws kawm tiav nrog rau ib tug kub puav pheej, thiab rau siab kawm tus tub hluas mus rau Moscow. Nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub zoo contest, nws twb mus tus naas ej koom haum ntawm History, Literature thiab Philosophy. Qhov no tsev kawm ntawv tau kawm ntau feemxyuam neeg, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub 30 xyoo ntawm lub tsev lag luam yog tawm ntawm haum nrog tus thawj coj, Stalin xav hais tias cov menyuam kawm ntawv yog txhawb free kev xav thiab kev nom kev tswv siab. Tej zaum qhov no yog vim li cas, nyob rau hauv 1939 rau tag nrho cov thawj xyoo, nrog rau Yakhauj Kostyukovsky raug xa mus rau pem hauv ntej los pab txhawb lub troops koom nyob rau hauv lub accession ntawm lub Western Ukraine thiab Belarus.

Tub rog kev pab cuam muab Yakovu Kostyukovskomu invaluable kev, tshiab yaam puab paub thiab cov phooj ywg. Ib xyoo tom qab, cov menyuam kawm ntawv rov qab mus rau tsev kawm qib siab, tab sis txoj hmoo tsis pub rau tag kuv kev tshawb fawb, tus Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog.

muaj tswv yim ua ub no

Thoob plaws hauv lub tsov rog Yakov Kostyukovsky tau nyob rau lub forefront, nws nyob ntawm no, nyob rau hauv lub tej tawg hem thiab bullets, tiag tiag yug los ntawm nws phau ntawv dab neeg txuj ci. Tus tub tam sim ntawd caw kom "Moskovsky Komsomolets", tab sis tus hluas txawj sau ntawv tsa ib tug heev unpleasant rau tus senior kev tswj ntawm lub npe - yuav ua li cas tuag nyob rau hauv lub mos txwv ntawm untrained fighters. Nws tsab xov xwm nws hu ua superiors npau taws, thiab nws raug xa mus rau pem hauv ntej, nyob rau hauv lub tuab, qhov no lub sij hawm raws li ib tug tsov rog correspondent ntawm "Komsomolskaya Pravda".

Yakov Kostyukovsky tsis zaum nyob rau hauv lub trenches, nws nquag koom nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Moscow, thiab txawm tau txais ib tug puav pheej ntawm hluav taws xob, nws tau hais ntau ntau zaus tuaj nyob rau hauv hluav taws fascists thiab raug mob. Nyob rau hauv cov huab yam tus tub hluas tsis tau poob nws cov cim kev txiav txim zoo ntawm kev lom zem, thiaj li, thaum lub sij hawm ib tug tsis sib haum nrog ib tug ntawm cov ideological cov thawj coj ntawm lub Koom Haum Ntxhais Communist League, nws satirically thiab rightly teb rau trumped-up nqi, dua li rov khwv tau lwm link.

Ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ntawv xov xwm

Kostyukovsky Yakhauj Aronovich li executive secretary ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm "Rau qhov motherland!" Ib zaug ntxiv xa mus rau hauv lub midst ntawm cov tub rog txheej xwm, ntawm no nws sau tau cov thawj skit, thiab, ntawm chav kawm, nyob rau hauv cov tub rog lub ntsiab. Cov phooj ywg nyiam zaj dab neeg, thiab lawv muaj cov tub ntxhais reporter xa nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv "Ogonyok" magazine. Muaj skit kuj tuaj mus saj tsab, thiab tsis ntev ib excerpt twb luam tawm nyob rau sij hawm rau cov German ua ntej rau Moscow. Nrog rau qhov no magazine yuav ua tau vim muaj ntau yam nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm Yakova Kostyukovskogo, qhov twg nws tom qab tau ntsib nrog M. M. Zoschenko thiab S. K. Oleshey, sau ntawv ua ke ua ib tug almanac "Tis - ib tug loj heev teeb meem."

Tom qab tsov rog, tus sau rov mus rau lub editor "Moskovsky Komsomolets", qhov twg nws hais ntxiv hais nws txawj ua si. Nws yus tus kheej li ib tug xov tooj ntawm thawj kauj ruam thiab nrhav nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, nws thiaj li ua ib tug humorous kem "Coj txawv txawv, tiam sis yeej muaj tseeb". Yakova Kostyukovskogo dab neeg pib tshwm nyob rau hauv lwm yam Soviet cov phau ntawv Magazine "Khej", "Kua txob" thiab al., Thiab nyob rau hauv 1952 nws tau mus nyob hauv lub Union ntawm Writers ntawm Russia.

Ua hauj lwm nrog rau lwm cov sau phau ntawv

Tom qab tawm hauv journalism mas vim cov loj hlob rau anti-Semitism nyob rau hauv lub Soviet haiv neeg, Kostyukovsky Yakhauj Aronovich ua ke nrog lwm tus twb tsim thiab zoo-paub txawj sau ntawv VE Bahnovym pib mus ua hauj lwm ua ke. Tawm ntawm lawv cwj mem tawm verses, satirical kwv huam, satires, sketches thiab reprises. Lawv ua hauj lwm yog yus muaj los ntawm theem ntawm artistic lus, witty lem, lawv tau collaborated nrog nto moo tshaj plaws nyuab ntawm Soviet music. Piv txwv li, nws yog sau los ntawm Kostyukovskgo tswv ob peb nto moo lug hab Tarapulki thiab plug chav actor A. S. Belova thiab thiaj li nyob. D.

Cov tshwm sim ntawm lawv muaj tswv yim duo tau ua dog dig mnogoaktovyh plays "Xws li Encounters" (1955), "Phau Ntawv tsis muaj fables" (1960) thiab lwm tus neeg. Lub xeem sib koom tes yog lub zaj duab xis "free kick" (1963).

Ua hauj lwm nrog L. Gaidai

Ncov sau ntawv cov hauj lwm Kostyukovskogo Yakova Aronovicha tuaj nyob rau hauv lub 60s, thaum nws tau ntsib satirist MR Slobodsky thiab renowned zaj duab xis director Leonidom Gaydaem. Qhov no muaj tswv yim trio muab lub Lavxias teb sab neeg yog koj nyiam films, tau ntev ua classics: "lag luam Y thiab Lwm yam Adventures Shurik" (1965), "Raug Kaw Nkuaj ntawm lub Caucasus" (1967) thiab "Lub Pob Zeb Diamond Caj Npab" (1969).

Cov nqe lus ntawm cov paintings nco cov pej xeem hauv lub yav tas los Soviet Union, luv luv, funny thiab tuav, lawv sai sai mus rau cov neeg. Conciseness yog ib tug txawv feature ntawm lub tswv yim Yakova Kostyukovskogo. Scripts, prose, paj huam thiab satires ntawm tus kws los ua ib tug tiag tiag cov khoom muaj nqis Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai ntawm XX caug xyoo.

idiosyncrasy

Nws lom zem yog hu ua kev lom zem sage, li ntawd, ua siab zoo thiab vibrant dluab muab Shurika, phem, lim hiam los yog tsis ua hauj lwm smugglers. Kostyukovsky twb tsa rau tis los ntawm Ilf thiab Petrov, thiab nws ncaj qha cov xib fwb twb Emile Luv luv thiab Nikolai Erdman, lub masters ntawm lub Soviet humorous ntaub ntawv. Tus kws sau ntawv nws tus kheej yog heev tseem ceeb heev ntawm nws ua hauj lwm ib tug txawj sau ntawv, nws sau hais tias yog hais tias tus ua yeeb yam yog tseem tau mus kho ib ua tsis tau tejyam daim thiab ntsuam xyuas nws nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no kev ua si, tus yeeb yam tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv sau ib zaug thiab rau tag nrho cov.

Yakov Aronovich qhia tias tag nrho cov paub nqe lus ntawm nto moo movies tau invented dua thiab tsis noj los ntawm lwm qhov chaw los yog cov zajlus. Ua ke nrog Slobodsky Gaidai thiab lawv tau sim kom paub tias cov zoo tagnrho mis ntawm tis, rau cov uas nws yog tsim nyog los nkag siab hais tias lub funny, thiab lwm tus neeg yuav tsis nyiam. Thiab, tseem ceeb tshaj, qhov cuav xwm yuav tsum "nyob", khi mus rau lub tiag tiag puas siab puas ntsws teeb meem no.

cov phau ntawv

Yakov Aronovich tsis ua hauj lwm rau khoom plig thiab nrog paub, thaum lub sij hawm lub hom phiaj yog yooj yim - yuav siv, sau dab tsi koj xav txog txhua yam. Nws mus ntev kev zoo siab uas muaj tswv yim ua si, vim hais tias nws sau los ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Muaj hmoo nrog lub koom haum, nyob rau hauv lub koom haum reigned heev ib tug dawb ntsuj plig, poetic mus ob peb vas thiab khub. Tab sis thaum kawg txhais tau nws cov hauj lwm Kostyukovsky pab tsov rog. Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm kev ntshai thiab kev mob, txoj kev cawm seej yuav tsis nrhiav nws nyob rau hauv kev lom zem.

Nws pib nrog ib tug me me reprise txawj sau ntawv, humorous zajlus, sketches thiab cov zajlus, tsuas tom qab nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog VE Bahnovym tawm ntawm phau ntawv Yakova Kostyukovskogo "Koj yuav tau yws txog" (1951), "Phau Ntawv tsis muaj fables" (1960), "Occupy koj qhov chaw" (1954 ). Tab sis feem ntau yog nws ua hauj lwm yog me me nyob rau hauv loj, uas nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb lo lus reflected cov tej zaum heev sib sib zog nqus xav. Cov no yog tus naas ej "Mamuarazmy" Yakova Kostyukovskogo, cov ntaub ntawv no reflected sib txawv ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub dua ntu, ntawm no cov txawj sau ntawv coj nws apt tswvyim thiab cov lus xaus li nws lub neej ntev ntev. nws hu ua lawv "alloy unpretentious memoirs thiab yooj yim insanity."

censorship teeb meem

Dua li ntawm qhov chaw ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej thiab yooj yim nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws cov films thiab cov phau ntawv, Yakhauj Aronovich heev raug kev txom nyem los ntawm Soviet censorship xyuas lub cev. Txawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv nws bold satirical tis tshwm sim los dissatisfaction ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv coj noj coj ua, thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog nws humorously piav lub koom haum ntawm cov tub rog tsis zoo uas tseem lossi coj mus rau kev tsis sib haum. Txawm li cas los, adherents ntawm socialist qhov tseem ceeb tsis tau nres Yakova Kostyukovskogo. "Pob zeb diamond cwj mem" King of Comedy, raws li nws hu tej zaum ua ib tug txawj sau ntawv, yeej tsis nres kev sau ntawv ua si.

Tag nrho cov paintings Gaidai tsis yog kov yeej tsoom fwv censorship, feem ntau yog txhua daim kab xev muaj ob peb zaus nyob qhov twg cov thawj pom zoo los ntawm lub lam, ces tus tsab ntawv, editing thiab thiaj li nyob. D. niggles dag thiab absurd, xws li cov "Pob zeb diamond tes" nyob rau hauv cov kab lus Nonna Mordyukova "Kuv yuav tsis tau ras, uas koj tus txiv kawm synagogue! "," synagogue "raug hloov los uas" hluas nkauj. " Ntxawg cai, lawv hais tias, tsis nyiam cov dag ntawm cov neeg Yudais lo lus nug. Ib tug naas ej kab lus ntawm Shurik "Peb yuav tsum tau, Fyodor, txoj cai!" Tau ntaus nqi raws li lub siab xav denigrate lub sau ntawv ntawm lub Cuban kiv puag ncig thawj coj Fidel Castro, uas nyob rau hauv ib co voj voog hu ua "Fyodor".

nthuav lus tseeb

Muaj ntau cov hluas tsis txhob hais tias ib tug yees duab Yakova Kostyukovskogo kiag li tsis muaj dab tsi, tus neeg no tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho saib ntawm cov masses, thiab tsis tau lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm nws ua hauj lwm yeej paub rau tej Lavxias teb sab neeg. Tom qab tag nrho, peb yuav tsum paub lawv cov heroes nyob rau hauv neeg, yog li yuav luag txhua leej txhua tus yuav yooj yim hais cov "Pob zeb diamond tes" los yog "lag luam Y", tab sis mus rau npe rau tus neeg sau ntawm cov blockbusters tsis tau txhua leej txhua tus.

Tus kws sau ntawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib tug uas tsis yog-yawg suab Jewish tsev neeg, tab sis ntau lub xyoo pib mus pom ntawm ib tug lub siab xav mus los paub thiab swm nrog cov keeb kwm thiab kev mob ntawm nws cov neeg. Sam Yakhauj Aronovich joked tias nws muaj txhua txhua xyoo ib tug ntau cov neeg Yudais.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus feature films, Kostyukovsky sau scripts rau ob peb tas lauv, xws li "Lub sij hawm tshuab" (1967), "Tus tshiab cov teeb meem loj" (1976) thiab "Los ntawm cov hav zoov ntawm Pine" (1974).

Tus kws sau ntawv tau peb khoom plig rau cov tub rog achievements, nrog rau cov puav pheej "Rau qhov kws muaj txuj ci ntawm Moscow" thiab cov puav pheej "Rau Yeej tshaj lub teb chaws Yelemees". Playwright tuag nyob rau hauv 2011. Nws twb faus nyob rau hauv lub tojntxas Vagankovsky.