Valeriy Fedorovich Bykovsky. Cosmonaut. Ua hauj lwm, rau siab ntso thiab koob hmoov

Cwj pwm mus rau lub yav dhau los peb lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv cov neeg sib txawv yog tsis meej xwm. Tab sis tsis muaj teeb meem li cas dispersed lub views hais tias cov Soviet Union tau nurtured ib tug muaj zog, talented, neeg zoo, lub heroes yog tsis tsuas nws lub sij hawm - ib tug indisputable qhov tseeb. Peb lub teb chaws yog tus thawj tiag koom nyob rau hauv lub direct txoj kev tshawb no ntawm lub cosmos. Cosmonaut Valery Bykovsky, uas nws biography - ib tug khoom daim ntawv teev cov khoom plig thiab achievements, ib tug ci ntsa iab sawv cev ntawm lub teb chaws tus khub ntawm kuj zoo kawg cov neeg.

Niaj hnub no Valery Fedorovich yim caum, nws yog lus zoo siab thiab tus phooj ywg. Nrog ib tug luag thiab hloov maj mam yim pab kev tu siab yog muab qhia rau cov thwjtim ntawm lawv cov kev, kev txawj ntse thiab kev vam meej.

thaum yau

Lub yim hli ntuj 2, 1934 nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg Bykovskikh yug tus me nyuam, uas tau destined rau ua ib tug naas ej astronaut. me nyuam mos lub tsev neeg ntawd ces nyob nyob rau hauv Pavlovsky Posad. Leej Txiv Fyodor - ib tug qub KGB tub ceev xwm, neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Ministry ntawm Railways. Nws niam, Klavdiya, tag nrho cov sij hawm mob siab tsev neeg thiab cov tsev.

Valery Fedorovich tsis tus tsuas yog tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg, nws muaj ib tug muam Margarita Fyodorovna (nyob rau hauv sib yuav Mikheev).

Bykovskii tus me nyuam yuav tau hloov ob lub tsev kawm. Nws xub mus kawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau Soviet Embassy nyob rau hauv Tehran, thiab txij li thaum lub xya qib, nws kawm nyob rau hauv Moscow.

Txij li thaum tseem yog menyuam yaus, nws raved txog cov hnub qub thiab lub ntuj Valery Bykovsky. Cosmonaut pib nws stellar hauj lwm nrog lub fact tias ib tug tub hluas nkag mus hauv lub Moscow Aero Club. Ces ntse kawm tiav los ntawm chaw ua dav hlua lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub Penza cheeb tsam. Nws yog ces 19 xyoo.

Tsim thiab thawj kev

Bykovskii cosmonaut pib nws cov hauj lwm ntawm aerokuluba los yog "pervonachalki" ua ntej kawm tiav. Exhausting workout nyob rau hauv tej huab cua, cov thawj sim saum nruab ntug kev thiab saws me nyuam ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv lub neej - uas yog dab tsi tau muab nws lub Moscow Aero Club. Valery Fedorovich yam ntxwv muaj lub siab tshaj plaws accolades. Instructors kuj ntseeg hais tias qhov no uchlet hlub ya, ua rau nws ua siab loj thiab confidently, science paub nrog tej yam txaus siab thiab qhia tau tias teg num. Tawm nws cov thawj davhlau tsev kawm ntawv, Bykovsky (astronaut nyob rau hauv lub nyob ze yav tom ntej) yog nrees txiav txim siab mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm fighter pilots.

Txoj kev tshawb no nyob rau hauv Kachin tub rog Aviation School, yog lawm ntau nyuab thiab loj. Tswv yim zaug tau nyob rau hauv ib tug ceev ceev pace, tab sis Valery Fedorovich muaj sij hawm, nws nyiam thiab tau muab ib tug zoo heev txoj kev tshawb no. Tag nrho cov yam ntxwv kos npe tsuas zoo tswv yim: zog, zoo taw qhia kom paub, teg num. Tag nrho cov qhab nia rau kev tshawb xav thiab xyaum - "zoo heev."

chaw ua hauj lwm

Los ntawm perseverance thiab zog ua hauj lwm Bykovskiy kuv V qhov chaw sai sai tiav kev vam meej. Fast txaus senior lieutenant twb pauv mus rau interceptor squadron. Valery Fedorovich recalled yuav ua li cas ua hauj lwm, cua tawm tsam, kev sib ntaus los ntxhov siab vim thiab kev sau ntawv yuav ua li cas ib qho tseem ceeb nws yog los xav tias cov neeg uas nyob ze rau koj, cia siab rau lawv. Thaum twg, nyob rau hauv ib feem, nws ya mus rau lub MIG, kuv yog 100 feem pua paub tseeb tias nyob rau hauv lub dav hlau, ua tsaug rau lub dag zog ntawm nws Konkova khoom.

Ntau xyoo ntawm kev kawm txawj thiab zoo comrades mas yuav kis tau rau hauv lub xyoo ntawm cov kev pab yav tom ntej astronaut Bykovsky. Nws biography yuav tsum muab kho nrog tag nrho cov ntau tiag tiag li thiab tseem ceeb ua tau rau lub teb chaws. Valery Fedorovich los ntawm thaum yau nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si: football, ua kis las, fencing. Tsis muaj tsawg fascinated los ntawm nws cov kev ua si hauv phau ntawv. Vocational kev kawm ntawv thiab nws tus kheej-kev kawm ntawv Valery Fedorovich ntaus nqi raws li ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hais nyob rau hauv lub neej, yog li zoo siab los tau taub cov cheeb tsam sib txawv ntawm kev txawj ntse. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub Soviet pab tub rog nyob rau hauv lub voj voog ntawm like-minded neeg, xws li cov tub ntxhais, nquag, thiab mob siab pilots, nws txuas ntxiv mus ib ce muaj zog thiab nws tus kheej-kev txhim kho.

unearthly kev ntsuam xyuas

Txhua Soviet me nyuam tub ua npau suav ntawm kab ib tug hero, pab motherland, yuav tsum yeej xwb lub peaks thiab tshawb tsis paub hais tias, tsuas yog tsis yog thiab Bykovsky. Cosmonaut nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig thiab lub neej ntawm tus tsav, nws txiav txim siab mus sim nws txhais tes thiab xa mus los ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau mus rau lub npau suav.

Tus thawj xeem, uas khiav Valery Fedorovich - Kev Commission. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias cov kws kho mob kev xaiv thiab muab kev pom zoo rau ya, ceev faj heev, nruj thiab tsis khab seeb. Yog hais tias muaj yog txawm lub slightest txawv los ntawm cov kev kawm tsis, kev nkag mus rau flights tsis. Kev Kho Mob Kev pilots, astronauts, thiab txawm ntau li ntawd, yog muaj tsis tu ncua. Excitement thiab nro nyob rau hauv kws kho mob chaw ua hauj lwm yog ua. Yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam hais mav ncaim muaj nrog nws npau suav! Tab sis Bykovskii dhau tus thawj theem yooj yim, nrog tsuas yog tus xav tau kev kawm tau zoo thiab pom smiles kws kho mob.

Qhov thib ob theem - ib rab ntawm lub sijhawm nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Rau lub hom phiaj no nws yog tsim nyog los dhau qhov kev xeem ntawm ntau yam simulators, sib nyob rau hauv lub Chamber. Dissemble thiab dag lub qhov thiab cov kws kho mob yuav tsis muaj leej twg. Xaiv tsuas yog tus muaj zog, feem ntau check thiab noj qab nyob zoo. Yog li ntawd yog Bykovsky. Tab sis hais tias yog tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm ib tug yooj yim txoj kev.

Tsev Neeg cosmonauts nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub nroog

Lub hnub qub nroog Cosmonaut nruj regime: kev ua si, kev nyuaj siab, cov chav kawm, ib ce muaj zog cov khoom, Medical. Tshiab ua hauj lwm yog heev tus phooj ywg, neeg nquag thiab rau siab. Kos npe comrades raug xaiv deputy secretary ntawm lub Komsomol pawg neeg. Txhawj Valery Fedorovich ho ntau zog, tab sis nws ua nws lub neej nthuav ntau thiab richer. Ib tug ntau ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab ib tug zoo phooj ywg mas yuav kis tau rau hauv cov xyoo Bykovsky. Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin thiab lwm yam Attendance zoo-paub tus neeg los qhia rau nws nyob rau hauv lub hnub qub.

Ib tug ntawm cov yooj yim tshaj plaws simulators rau tag nrho cov yav tom ntej astronauts - Centrifuge. Nws dhau ib qho kev tshaj lub peev xwm ntawm tus tib neeg kab, thiab Bykovskii tsom zoo kawg li tshwm sim rau nws. Nws sai sai mastered rau lub qhia thiab tswv yim los ntawm coaches, cov kws kho mob, yog li ua muaj kev nruam ntej.

Ib qho ntawm feem nthuav kev ua ub no tau zaum nyob hauv weightlessness. Ib tug feem ntau txawv txawv, nws xav tias Valery Bykovsky (astronaut) - los tsim lub cwj pwm tsis zoo rau ib leeg xwb. Cov kev rho tawm chamber qhov luaj li cas ntawm ib tug ib nrab square meters, nyob qhov twg, sib nrug los ntawm lub twj paj nruag thiab lub rooj zaum yog cov tsuas cov zaub mov thiab cov phau ntawv, nws yuav tsum tau kev dab kev tos nws nyob rau hauv qhov chaw. Nws ua hauj lwm, hu nkauj, tshaj tawm hais tias cov paj huam, nyeem cov phau ntawv, lub tsev ntawm lub rooj. Nws ntawd kub ntev li ntau tshaj peb hnub ntawm nws cov thawj predkosmicheskoe nyob ib leeg. Bykovsky yog tus thawj uas tau nyob rau hauv lub rho tawm chamber.

ya

Nws thawj spacewalk Valery Fedorvovich ua rau lag luam ships "Vostok-5". Ze li ntawm tsib hnub siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw commander Bykovsky nyob rau hauv 1963. Qhov thib ob lub davhlau, on board lub "Soyuz-21" nyob rau hauv 1976, qhov chaw uas nws yog tseem lub commander, coj txawm ntau lub sij hawm - 189 lub sij hawm. Qhov thib peb lub davhlau, on board lub "Soyuz-31" nyob rau hauv 1978, lub caij yog tib yam.

20 hnub 17 teev, ib tug tag nrho ntawm peb lub davhlau yog tsis nyob rau lub ntiaj chaw lub ntiaj teb astronaut Bykovsky. Photo los ntawm Valery Fedorovich adorn cov ntawv xov xwm, saib xyuas Board ntawm lub Soviet Union. Txhua kas xav mus yuav ib yam li nws. Thiab nws tseem muaj tsis nkees rov qab ua dua nws txiv cov lus: "Ua hauj lwm - pas nrig uas tuas txhua yam nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg."