Tus liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma thaj av ntawd: cov tsiaj thiab nroj tsuag

Tus liab Phau Ntawv - yog qhov tseem ceeb cov ntaub ntawv, uas muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tam sim no lub xeev ntawm tsawg tsawg thiab endangered nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj tsiaj nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog nqa tawm mus tsim lub scientific thiab cov tswv yim ntsuas rau kev tiv thaiv thiab me nyuam scarce nrws.

Liab Phau ntawv ntau theem (thoob ntiaj teb, lub teb chaws thiab lub regional).

Liab Phau Ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation

Ua hauj lwm rau cov liab phau ntawv ntawm niaj hnub Russia twb launched nyob rau hauv 1992, tab sis tus ntawv nws tus kheej twb luam tawm nyob rau hauv tsuas xyoo 2001. Txij thaum ntawd los, nws pib tshwm regional Liab cov ntaub ntawv Phau ntawv hais txog tsuas rau ib co cheeb tsam los yog ntug. Cov ntaub ntawv kuj siv liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam. Tsiaj txhu thiab nroj tsuag muaj npe nyob hauv annotated tsab, xav nyob rau hauv cov neeg, tsis tsuas yog ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam, tab sis kuj cov neeg nyob ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Qhov tsab xov xwm yog ib tug nyuag daim ntawv teev cov tsiaj hauv liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam, raws li zoo raws li ib daim ntawv teev ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cov noog. Ib tug cos piav qhia ntawm txhua hom nyias mus pab koj to taub zoo dua cov kev zoo nkauj thiab splendor ntawm lub domestic xwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no, uas yuav tsum tau fwm thiab muaj kev tiv thaiv.

Kostroma cheeb tsam

Kostroma Oblast yog nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj ntawm European Russia. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub Moraine toj, tej zaum txawm swampy nras.

Lub cheeb tsam yog nto moo rau nws cov dej. Nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam muaj txog peb txhiab dej ntws, ob leeg loj thiab me me, lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yog lub Volga. Feem ntau ntawm cov cheeb tsam lub chaw uas zoo heev yog them los ntawm forests, feem ntau coniferous. Yog li ntawd, ib tug yuav tsuas xav txog tej yam yuav ua li cas nplua nuj thiab varied yog tus muaj thiab fauna ntawm lub cheeb tsam, uas nws tej vaj tse yog li txawv thiab muaj ntau ntsej muag: nws yog thiab turbulent dej ntws, thiab nyias ntiav ntws; no tuab plantation, thiab ntub dej hav meadows.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov hom muaj thiab fauna tiv thaiv cov liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam? Diam duab thiab cov hauj lwm ntawd yuav tau muab xa tuaj nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Fauna. vertebrates

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub fauna ntawm Kostroma cheeb tsam - cov uas ib tug xis vaj tse forests thiab tundra. Raws li official cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam muaj peb puas rau caum-rau kawm vertebrates, yim caum-rau ntawm uas pom tau hais tias tsawg los yog endangered.

Tsiaj txhu Kostroma cheeb tsam, uas tau teev tseg nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv - yog, saum toj no tag nrho, cov noog thiab cov nas. Txawm hais tias muaj nyob rau hauv lawv, thiab txhom, xws li cov nyob sab Europe mink.

Cov nyob sab Europe mink - ib tug muaj plaub ntawm lub weasel tsev neeg. Nws muaj sia nyob rau lub shores ntawm dej tsis qab ntsev nrog maj mam muab zij shores, overgrown nrog nyom thiab Alders, txau rau ntses, Crayfish thiab qav. Tej zaum nws yuav txawm yuav noj nqaij qaib.

Lub qhov txawv feature ntawm no hom - lub pas dej membrane ntawm cov ntiv taw. mink lub cev ntev yog hom twg los ntawm 28 mus 43 cm, thiab poob - los ntawm 550 mus 800

Cov nyob sab Europe mink yog lub npe hu rau nws cov nqi plaub, li ntawd, cov liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam ua ib tug txiav txim siab coj nws nyob rau hauv lub xeev tiv thaiv. Zoo ib yam li qhov kev txiav txim raug coj, thiab lwm yam cov liab Phau Ntawv Russia.

Fauna. Luv daim ntawv teev

Tsis tshua muaj endangered vertebrates Kostroma cheeb tsam kuj muaj xws li:

Mammalian chav kawm ntawv:

Los ntawm cov kev txiav txim ntawm Insectivorous - Common muskrat thiab American pygmy shrew.

Los ntawm cov kev txiav txim ntawm puav - Liab noctule, pas dej puav, ntev-eared puav, lis-xim tawv thiab lwm tus neeg.

Ntawm nas - Siberian ya nas, Sadovaya Sonya, ntoo lemming, etc ...

Class Cov tsiaj reptiles:

Los ntawm cov kev txiav txim ntawm Nplai - Anguis fragilis thiab xuab zeb nabqa tsiav.

Los ntawm cov kev txiav txim ntawm Nab - Common copperhead.

Cov chav kawm ntawv Amphibians:

Los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tailed - Siberian salamander.

Los ntawm cov kev txiav txim ntawm tailless - European hluav taws-bellied qav kaws, cov spadefoot qav kaws, hav iav qav , thiab ntau, ntau lwm tus neeg.

Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias koj xav mus plob hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub Kostroma pawg neeg thaj av, tau ceev faj nyob rau hauv thaum pib, nyeem cov liab Phau Ntawv, koj tsis ntawd puas tseem ceeb thiab cov hom endangered.

Fauna. Vertebrates. ntses

Cov tswv yim no siv rau tag nrho cov ntses thiab lovers ntawm spinning, vim hais tias cov liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam tiv thaiv txawm redkovstrechaemyh ntses. Cov lawv peb yuav tsum hais cov nyob sab Europe Grayling los ntawm Ib pab tub rog Salmoniformes.

European Grayling - ib tug dej tsis qab ntsev ntses ntawm lub salmon tsev neeg, muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb txawv txawv coloring thiab nyob rau hauv lub txias thiab huv si dej. Nws ntev yuav ncav cuag 60 cm, thiab poob - 6.5 kg. Grayling noj crustaceans, kab laug sab, mollusks, kab, thiab txawm me me ntses.

Nws yog noteworthy uas European graylings muaj ilv aroma thyme (los yog thyme).

Nyob rau hauv lub Kostroma cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau kev tiv thaiv thiab lwm yam dej tsis qab ntsev ntses: Sturgeon, Lavxias teb sab sturgeon, Lavxias teb sab bystranka, Gorceac, pob txuv vulgaris, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Fauna. Vertebrates. noog

Leej twg tiv thaiv cov liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam? Tsiaj txhu muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, rau ntau yam hoob kawm ntawv thiab subspecies. Lawv yog cov zoo nkauj heev thiab admirable nyob rau hauv lawv cov tsos, cwj pwm thiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm cov ib puag ncig.

Cov fauna yuav tsum xyuam xim rau cov tis zoo li. Ib tug ntawm lawv yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam? Noog hais nyob rau hauv nws - yog, saum toj no tag nrho, ib tug detachment ntawm Ciconiiformes, ib tug kaj tshem me me uas yog cov Dub Stork.

Dub stork - ib tug zoo nkauj noog txawv txawv coloring. Nws tus Tsov tus tw muaj ib tug nplua nuj xim dub, tiv thaiv uas lub liab ob txhais ceg thiab kaus ncauj zoo li tshwj xeeb yog kaj thiab mob siab heev.

Noog ntawm lub hav zoov cheeb tsam, nyob ze dej, tsis txhob tus neeg thiab thaj chaw. Txau mas me me vertebrates thiab invertebrates (tej zaum txawm nas, nab thiab lizards).

Wintering Dub Stork nyob rau hauv South Asia. Nws taw tes uas nyiam - yuj siab nyob rau hauv lub davhlau, tis kis-eagled. Hatches Stork me nyuam qaib hais txog ib lub hlis, tus xeeb ntxwv tshwm sis tsis ncaj nrog txhua lwm yam. Nyob rau tom ntej no ob lub hlis, cov neeg laus noog pub cov me nyuam mos, belching zaub mov.

Lwm yam noog, uas hais Liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam (thiab muaj tsawg kawg yog tsib caug), yog tseem zoo nkauj thiab insufficiently kawm, raws li tau zoo raws li Dub Stork. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, qhov no Grey Heron thiab me ntsis os, Whooper os dej dawb thiab liab-breasted Goose, Dav dawb hau los thiab luv-toed dav dawb hau, Merlin thiab oystercatcher, Drozdovidnaya Warbler thiab HAWFINCH, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Fauna. invertebrates

Tus liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam muaj ib daim ntawv teev cov invertebrate tsiaj, yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb kev tiv thaiv. Ntawm uas muaj peb caug yim hom. Cov no muaj xws tej yam shellfish (cov mussel thiab tuab shelled dej mussel), crustaceans (Caij nplooj ntoos hlav schiten, Lub caij ntuj sov schiten, Astacus leptodactylus), Qaus liv (Green pog, ci ntsa iab zoo nkauj, Lütke-nymph), kab (German racer, Marble chafer, widest kab) , Hymenoptera (Loj birch sawfly, nruab nrab ntseeb, tus muv doom av) thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Fauna. butterflies

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, nyob rau hauv cov kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub xeev poob thiab heev heev butterflies. Cov lawv - swallowtail.

Swallowtail - ib tug ntxim hlub hnub npauj npaim ntawm tsev neeg Lepidoptera. Nws pem hauv ntej fenders yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ci txawv txawv tshiab - dub me ntsis thiab streaks, raws li zoo raws li ib tug dav dub ciam teb. Ib tug rear tis muaj ib tug ntau ceeb qauv: xiav thiab daj thaj ua rau thaj Nkij los txuam rau ib tug liab-xim av lub qhov muag, surrounded los ntawm dub sib nrauj. Wingspan hom npauj npaim yuav ncav cuag 81 hli nyob rau hauv txivneej thiab cov pojniam 94 hli.

Swallowtail nyob rau hauv lub meadows ntawm ntau hom, nyob rau hav zoov sawv thiab clearings, roadsides thiab riverbanks.

Cov maum nteg qe swallowtail, hovering nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, nyob rau hauv sab nto ntawm tus kav los yog lub underside ntawm nplooj ntawm party nroj tsuag, uas yuav ua tau ib tug nyuj parsnip, dill, zaub txhwb qaib, Alder Maksimovic, girchovnitsa, fraxinella mohnatoplodny thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Vim li no, lub tu tub tu kiv ntawm butterflies raug mus rau ib tug loj extermination raws li ib tug rau txim ntawm lub tua hluav taws, txiav nyom, grazing thiab tsuj meadows ntxiv dag zog rau.

Txawm li cas los, sib nrug los ntawm tsawg hom fauna nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv, ntawm chav kawm, yog muaj thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov nroj tsuag ntiaj teb no.

Muaj. paj

Nroj tsuag ntawm cov liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam tiag nws. Lawv ciav nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev zoo nkauj thiab singularity, coj txawv txawv thiab kab txawv kev zoo nkauj.

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog yuav luag nees nkaum hom orchid hom quire lub buttercup tsev neeg, rau ntau tshaj kaum tsib hom sedge thiab nyom. Cov xws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm flowering thiab fragrant muaj, mention yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov bulbous Calypso.

Calypso dos - ib tug perennial herbaceous nroj ntawm lub orchid tsev neeg, sawv tawm rau nws extraordinary zoo nkauj paj. Qhov loj thiab fragrant paj nrog nws txo qis down lub taub hau nce mus txog ib tug ntev ntawm kwv yees li 1.5 cm, thiab muaj ib tug di ncauj pom sac (kwv yees li 2 cm). lub qhov ncauj zoo li tus zoo li ib tug khau, uas yog nyob rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub peb beams ib tug kaj daj plaub mos mos.

Calypso Flowering tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis thiab Lub rau hli ntuj, thiab fruiting - nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj thiab lub yim hli ntuj.

Caij nplooj zeeg nqa hloov paj nplooj, ces nws yog them nrog daus yog tseem tshiab tshiab ntsuab nplooj, uas qhia rau hauv lub teb chaws sov keeb kwm Calypso bulbous.

Muaj. lwm yam nroj tsuag

Nroj tsuag Kostroma cheeb tsam, uas tau teev tseg nyob rau hauv lub Red Phau Ntawv, tsis yog tas rau xwb cov xim. Lawv kuj muaj xws li Lichens (Lobar ntsws), liab algae (Batrahospermum beaded), mosses (Sphagnum los, Gomaliya trihomanovidnaya, Dikranum lomkolisty), raws li zoo raws li ib co ntawm cov ntoo thiab nroj. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog - Loparskaya Willow, Willow chernikovidnaya, ntsias birch thiab birch squat.

Tag nrho cov saib xyuas coj ib puas tsib caug rau hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab cog cov kab mob. Ntawm lawv, mention yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm xws li ib tug fruitful muaj raws li dub crowberry.

Crowberry dub (los yog dub Shiksha) - yog ib tug me me evergreen tsob nroj heather tsev neeg. Hlob mas nyob rau hauv loj, crowberry fab no muaj nyob rau tus mob rocky chaw, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv coniferous hav zoov thiab tundra thiab lub dunes.

Cov ceg ntawm fab muaj ib tug ntsuab, xim av los yog reddish xim, thiab paj muaj greenish liab los yog reddish-liab doog xim. Caij nplooj zeeg crowberry dub opaque drupe txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas muaj lam thiab noj haus zog.

Tus nqi ntawm cov phau ntawv

Raws li yuav pom, liab Phau Ntawv ntawm lub Kostroma cheeb tsam - qhov no yog ib tug tseem ceeb heev thiab nthuav qhov teeb meem. Decorated nrog ci illustrations muab ib nyuag kev piav qhia thiab cov lus qhia txog qhov sib txawv cov hom endangered, nws yuav siv sij hawm nws rightful qhov chaw nyob rau hauv koj lub tsev qiv ntawv thiab pab koj tuaj koom nrog lub tsim nyog thiab noble lub hom phiaj - kev txuag thiab tiv thaiv cov ib puag ncig.